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JEAN NICOLAS CURLY (1774-1827)

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Originally appearing in Volume V07, Page 637 of the 1911 Encyclopedia Britannica.
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JEAN See also:NICOLAS See also:CURLY (1774-1827)  , See also:French See also:cavalry See also:leader, was the son of a poor See also:peasant of See also:Lorraine . Joining, in 1793, a See also:regiment of hussars, he served with See also:great distinction as private and as sous-officier in the See also:Rhine See also:campaigns from 1794 to 1800 . He was, however, still a non-commissioned officer of twelve years' service, when at Afflenz (12th of See also:November 1805) he attacked and defeated, with twenty-five men, a whole regiment of See also:Austrian cavalry . This brilliant feat of arms won him the grade of sous-See also:lieutenant, and the reputation of being one of the men of the future . The next two campaigns of the Grande Armee gained him two more promotions, and as a See also:captain of hussars he performed, in the See also:campaign of See also:Wagram, a feat of even greater daring than the affair of Afflenz . Entrusted with despatches for the See also:viceroy of See also:Italy, Curely, with See also:forty troopers, made his way through the Austrian lines, reconnoitred every-where, even in the very headquarters-See also:camp of the See also:archduke See also:John, and finally accomplished his See also:mission in safety . This exploit, only to be compared to the famous raids of the See also:American See also:Civil See also:War, and almost unparalleled in See also:European war, gained him the grade of chef d'escadrons, in which for some years he served in the See also:Peninsular War . Under See also:Gouvion St Cyr he took See also:part in the See also:Russian War of 1812, and in 1813 was promoted See also:colonel . In the campaign of See also:France (1814) Curely, now See also:general of See also:brigade, commanded a brigade of " improvised cavalry, and succeeded in infusing into this unpromising material some of his own daring spirit . His regiments distinguished themselves in several combats, especially at the See also:battle of Arcis-sur-See also:Aube . The Restoration See also:government looked with suspicion on the most dashing cavalry leader of the younger See also:generation, and in 1815 Curely, who during the See also:Hundred Days had rallied to his old leader, was placed on the retired See also:list . Withdrawing to the little See also:estate of Jaulny (near Thiaucourt), which was his See also:sole See also:property, he lived in mournful retirement, which was saddened still further when in 1824 he was suddenly deprived of his See also:rank .

This last See also:

blow hastened his See also:death . Curely, had he arrived at high command earlier, would have been ranked with See also:Lasalle and See also:Montbrun, but his career, later than theirs in beginning, was ended by the fall of See also:Napoleon . His devoted friend, De Brack, in his celebrated See also:work See also:Light Cavalry Outposts, considers Curely incomparable as a leader of light cavalry, and the portrait of Curely to be found in its pages is justly ranked as one of the masterpieces of military literature . The general himself See also:left but a modest See also:manuscript, which was left for a subsequent generation to publish . See also Thoumas, Le General Curely: itineraires d'un See also:Cavalier leger, 1793—1815 (See also:Paris, 1887) .

End of Article: JEAN NICOLAS CURLY (1774-1827)
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