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CUSHION (from O. Fr. coisson, coussin...

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Originally appearing in Volume V07, Page 667 of the 1911 Encyclopedia Britannica.
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CUSHION (from O. Fr. coisson, coussin; according to the New See also:English Dict., from See also:Lat. coxa, a See also:hip; others say from Lat. culcita, a See also:quilt)  , a soft bag of some ornamental material, stuffed with See also:wool, See also:hair, feathers, or even See also:paper torn into fragments . It maybe used for sitting or kneeling upon, or to soften the hardness or angularity of a See also:chair or See also:couch . It is a very See also:ancient See also:article of See also:furniture, the inventories of the contents of palaces and See also:great houses in the See also:early See also:middle ages constantly making mention of it . It was then often of great See also:size, covered with See also:leather, and See also:firm enough to serve as a seat, but the steady tendency of all furniture has been to grow smaller . It was, indeed, used as a seat, at all events in See also:France and See also:Spain, at a very much later See also:period, and in See also:Saint-See also:Simon's See also:time we find that at the See also:Spanish See also:court it was still regarded as a peculiarly See also:honourable substitute for a chair . In France the right to kneel upon a See also:cushion in See also:church behind the See also:king was jealously guarded and strictly regulated, as we may learn again from Saint-Simon . This type of cushion was calleda carreau or square . When seats were See also:rude and hard the cushion may have been' a See also:necessity; it is now one of the See also:minor luxuries of See also:life . The See also:term " cushion " is given in See also:architecture to the sides of the Ionic See also:capital . It is also applied to an early and See also:simple See also:form of the Romanesque capitals of See also:Germany and See also:England, which consist of cubical masses, square at the See also:top and rounded off at the four corners, so as to reduce the See also:lower See also:diameter to a circle of the same size as the See also:shaft .

End of Article: CUSHION (from O. Fr. coisson, coussin; according to the New English Dict., from Lat. coxa, a hip; others say from Lat. culcita, a quilt)
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WILLIAM BARKER CUSHING (1842–1874)
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CHARLOTTE SAUNDERS CUSHMAN (1816–1876)

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