See also:

• CZERNOWITZ (Rum. Cernautzi)

CZERNOWITZ (See also:

• RUM
• RUM (according to Skeat, a corruption of Malay brum or bram; the adjective " rum," i.e. " queer," being a distinct word, in Gipsy rem)

Rum. Cernautzi)  , the See also:

• CAPITAL (i.e. capital stock or fund)
• CAPITAL (Lat. caput, head)

capital of the See also:

• AUSTRIAN

Austrian duchy of See also:

• BUKOVINA

Bukovina, 420 M . E. of See also:

• VIENNA (Ger. Wien; Lat. Vindobona)
• VIENNA, CONGRESS OF (1814-1815)

Vienna and 164 m . S.E. of See also:

• LEMBERG (Pol. Lwdw, Lat. Leopolis)

Lemberg by See also:

• RAIL

rail . Pop . (190o) 69,619 . It is picturesquely situated on a height above the right See also:

• BANK

bank of the See also:

• RIVER

river Pruth, which is crossed here by two See also:

• BRIDGES
• BRIDGES, ROBERT (1844– )

bridges, of which one is a railway See also:

• BRIDGE

bridge . See also:

• CZERNOWITZ (Rum. Cernautzi)

Czernowitz is a clean, pleasant See also:

• TOWN

town of See also:

• RECENT

recent date, and is the seat of the See also:

• GREEK
• GREEK, ETRUSCAN AND

Greek Orthodox See also:

• ARCHBISHOP (Lat. archiepiscopus, from Gr. apxceatorcoros)

archbishop or See also:

• METROPOLITAN (Lat. metropolitanus, Gr. µnrpoiroXtrns)

metropolitan of Bukovina . The See also:

• PRINCIPAL

principal buildings include the Greek Orthodox See also:

• CATHEDRAL

cathedral, finished in 1864 after the See also:

• MODEL (0. Fr. modelle, mod. modele; It. modello, pattern, mould; from Lat. modus, measure, standard)

model of the See also:

• CHURCH
• CHURCH (according to most authorities derived from the Gr. Kvpcaxov [&wµa], " the Lord's [house]," and common to many Teutonic, Slavonic and other languages under various forms—Scottish kirk, Ger. Kirche, Swed. kirka, Dan. kirke, Russ. tserkov, Buig. cerk
• CHURCH, FREDERICK EDWIN (1826-1900)
• CHURCH, GEORGE EARL (1835–1910)
• CHURCH, RICHARD WILLIAM (1815–189o)
• CHURCH, SIR RICHARD (1784–1873)

church of St See also:

• ISAAC (Hebrew for " he laughs," on explanatory references to the name, see ABRAHAM)

Isaac at St See also:

• PETERSBURG

Petersburg; the Armenian church, in a mixed See also:

• GOTHIC

Gothic and See also:

• RENAISSANCE, THE

Renaissance See also:

• STYLE
• STYLE (from Gr. a-6'1ms, a column; a different word from that used in literature, see below)

style, consecrated in 1875; a handsome new Jesuit church, and a new See also:

• SYNAGOGUE (avvaywyii)
• SYNAGOGUE, UNITED

synagogue in Moorish style, built in 1877 . The most conspicuous See also:

• BUILDING

building of the town is the Episcopal See also:

• PALACE (Lat. Palatium, the name given by Augustus to his residence on the Palatine Hill)

palace, in See also:

• BYZANTINE

Byzantine style, built in 1864–1875, which is adorned with a high See also:

• TOWER (Lat. turris; Fr. tour, clocker; Ital. torre; Ger. Thurm)

tower and possesses a magnificent reception See also:

• HALL
• HALL (generally known as SCHWABISCH-HALL, tc distinguish it from the small town of Hall in Tirol and Bad-Hall, a health resort in Upper Austria)
• HALL (O.E. heall, a common Teutonic word, cf. Ger. Halle)
• HALL, BASIL (1788-1844)
• HALL, CARL CHRISTIAN (1812–1888)
• HALL, CHARLES FRANCIS (1821-1871)
• HALL, CHRISTOPHER NEWMAN (1816—19oz)
• HALL, EDWARD (c. 1498-1547)
• HALL, FITZEDWARD (1825-1901)
• HALL, ISAAC HOLLISTER (1837-1896)
• HALL, JAMES (1793–1868)
• HALL, JAMES (1811–1898)
• HALL, JOSEPH (1574-1656)
• HALL, MARSHALL (1790-1857)
• HALL, ROBERT (1764-1831)
• HALL, SAMUEL CARTER (5800-5889)
• HALL, SIR JAMES (1761-1832)
• HALL, WILLIAM EDWARD (1835-1894)

hall . In one of the public squares stands the Austrian See also:

• MONUMENT (Lat. monumentum or monumentum; from monere, to advise, bring to mind, remind; the German equivalent is Denkmal)

monument, executed by Pekary and erected in 1875 to commemorate the See also:

• CENTENARY (from Lat. centenarius, of or belonging to a hundred, from centeni, distributive of centum, hundred)

centenary of See also:

• AUSTRIA
• AUSTRIA, LOWER (Ger. Niederosterreich or Osterreich unter der Enns, " Austria below the river Enns ")
• AUSTRIA, UPPER (Ger. Oberosterreich or Osterreich ob der Enns, " Austria above the river Enns ")

Austria's See also:

• POSSESSION
• POSSESSION (Lat. possessio, possidere, to possess)

possession of Bukovina . It consists of a See also:

• MARBLE (from Lat. marmor, Gr. pApµapos, shining stone)

marble statue of Austria erected on a See also:

• PEDESTAL (Fr. piedestal, Ital. piedestallo, foot of a stall)

pedestal of See also:

• GREEN, A
• GREEN, ALEXANDER HENRY (1832—1896)
• GREEN, DUFF (1791—1875)
• GREEN, JOHN RICHARD (1837—1883)
• GREEN, MATTHEW (1696-1737)
• GREEN, THOMAS HILL (1836-1882)
• GREEN, VALENTINE (1739–1813)
• GREEN, WILLIAM HENRY (.1825–1900)

green Carpathian See also:

• SANDSTONE

sandstone . The See also:

• FRANCIS
• FRANCIS (FRarrcols) OF SALES, ST (1567-1622)
• FRANCIS (Lat. Franciscus, Ital. Francesco, Span. Francisco, Fr. Francois, Ger. Franz)
• FRANCIS, SIR PHILIP (174o-1818)

Francis See also:

• JOSEPH
• JOSEPH, COMTE DE (1785-1870)
• JOSEPH, FATHER (FRANCOIS LECLERC DU TREMBLAY) (1577-1638)

Joseph University, also opened in 1875, had 50 lecturers and over 500 students in 1901 .

The See also:

• LANGUAGE (adapted from the Fr. langage, from langue, tongue, Lat. lingua)

language of instruction is See also:

• GERMAN
• GERMAN, DUTCH AND SCANDINAVIAN

German, and it possesses three faculties: See also:

• THEOLOGY

theology, See also:

• LAW
• LAW (0. Eng. lagu, M. Eng. lawe; from an old Teutonic root lag, " lie," what lies fixed or evenly; cf. Lat. lex, Fr. loi)
• LAW, JOHN (1671—1729)
• LAW, WILLIAM (1686-1761)

law and See also:

• PHILOSOPHY (Gr. gthos, fond of, and vo4 (a, wisdom)

philosophy . The See also:

• INDUSTRY (Lat. industria, from indu-, a form of the pre, position in, and either stare, to stand, or struere, to pile up)

industry is not very See also:

• DEVELOPED

developed and consists chiefly in See also:

• CORN (a common Teutonic word; cf. Lat. granum, seed, grain)
• CORN (fromm Lat. corms, horn)

corn-milling and See also:

• BREWING

brewing . An active See also:

• TRADE (O. Eng. trod, footstep, from tredan, to tread; in M. Eng. the forms teed, trod and trade appear, the last in the sense of a beaten track)
• TRADE, BOARD OF

trade is carried on in agricultural produce, See also:

• WOOD, ANTHONY A2 (1632-1695)
• WOOD, JOHN GEORGE (1827—1889)
• WOOD, MRS HENRY [ELLEN] (1814—1887)
• WOOD, SEARLES VALENTINE (1798—188o)

wood, See also:

• WOOL, WORSTED AND WOOLLEN MANUFACTURES

wool, See also:

• CATTLE (Norman Fr. catel, from Late Lat. capitale, wealth or property, a word applied in the feudal system to movable property and particularly to live stock, and surviving in its wider meaning as " chattel " or " chattle ")

cattle and See also:

• SPIRITS

spirits . Czernowitz has a mixed See also:

• POPULATION (Lat. populus, people; populare, to populate)

population, which consists of Germans, Ruthenians, Rumanians, Poles, See also:

• JEWS
• JEWS (Heb. Y8hudi, man of Judah; Gr. 'Iovbaiot; Lat. Judaei)

Jews, Armenians and Gypsies . The town presents, therefore, a See also:

• COSMOPOLITAN (Gr. Kbvµos, world, and IroXirgs, citizen)

cosmopolitan and on See also:

• MARKET (Lat. mercatus, trade or place of trade)

market days a very varied See also:

• APPEARANCE (from Lat. apparere, to appear)

appearance, when See also:

• SIDE
• SIDE (mod. Eski Adalia)

side by side with See also:

• PEOPLE

people turned out in the latest fashions from See also:

• PARIS
• PARIS (also called ALEXANDROS)
• PARIS, ALEXIS PAULIN (1800-x881)
• PARIS, BRUNO PAULIN GASTON (1839-1903)
• PARIS, FRANCOIS DE (169o-1727)
• PARIS, LOUIS PHILIPPE ALBERT
• PARIS, TREATIES OF (1814-1815)

Paris or Vienna, we meet peasants of various nationalities, attired in their See also:

• NATIONAL

national See also:

• COSTUME
• COSTUME (through the Fr. costume, from Ital. costume, Late Lat. costuma, a contracted form of Lat. consuetudinem, ace. of consuetudo, custom, habit, manner, &c.)

costume, intermingled with very scantily-clad Gypsies . On the opposite bank of the Ptuth, at a very little distance to the N., is situated the town of Sadagora (pop . 4512, mostly Jews), where a famous cattle See also:

• FAIR

fair takes See also:

• PLACE (through Fr. from Lat. platea, street; Gr. IrAar6s, wide)

place every See also:

• YEAR

year . Czernowitz was at the See also:

• TIME (0. Eng. Lima, cf. Icel. timi, Swed. timme, hour, Dan. time; from the root also seen in " tide," properly the time of between the flow and ebb of the sea, cf. O. Eng. getidan, to happen, " even-tide," &c.; it is not directly related to Lat. tempus)
• TIME, MEASUREMENT OF
• TIME, STANDARD

time of the Austrian occupation (1775) an unimportant See also:

• VILLAGE

village . It was created a town in 1786, and at the beginning of the 19th See also:

• CENTURY (from Lat. centuria, a division of a hundred men)

century it numbered only 5000 inhabitants .