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JAMES DWIGHT DANA (1813-1895)

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Originally appearing in Volume V07, Page 793 of the 1911 Encyclopedia Britannica.
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JAMES See also:DWIGHT See also:DANA (1813-1895)  , See also:American geologist, mineralogist and zoologist, was See also:born in See also:Utica, New See also:York, on the 12th of See also:February 1813 . He See also:early displayed a See also:taste for See also:science, which had been fostered by See also:Fay Edgerton, a teacher in theUtica high school, and in 183o he entered Yale See also:College, in See also:order to study under See also:Benjamin See also:Silliman the See also:elder . Graduating in 1833, for the next two years he was teacher of See also:mathematics to midshipmen in the See also:navy, and sailed to the Mediterranean while engaged in his duties . In 1836—1837 he was assistant to See also:Professor Silliman in the chemical laboratory at Yale, and then, for four years, acted as mineralogist and geologist of a See also:United States exploring expedition, commanded by See also:Captain See also:Charles Wilkes, in the Pacific ocean (see WILKES, CHARLES) . His labours in preparing the reports of his explorations occupied parts of thirteen years after his return to See also:America in 1842 . In 1844 he again became a See also:resident of New Haven, married the daughter of Professor Silliman, and in 185o, on the resignation of the latter, was appointed Silliman Professor of Natural See also:History and See also:Geology in Yale College, a position which he held till 1892 . In 1846 he became See also:joint editor and during the later years of his See also:life he was See also:chief editor of the American See also:Journal of Science and Arts (founded in 1818 by Benjamin Silliman), to which he was a See also:constant contributor, principally of articles on geology and See also:mineralogy . A See also:bibliographical See also:list of his writings shows 214 titles of books and papers, beginning in 1835 with a See also:paper on the conditions of See also:Vesuvius in 1834, and ending with the See also:fourth revised edition (finished in February 1895) of his See also:Manual of Geology . His reports on Zoophytes, on the Geology of the Pacific See also:Area, and on See also:Crustacea, summarizing his See also:work on the Wilkes expedition, appeared in 1846, 1849 and 1852—1854, in See also:quarto volumes, with copiously illustrated atlases; but as these were issued in small See also:numbers, his reputation more largely rests upon his See also:System of Mineralogy (1837 and many later See also:editions in 1892); Manual of Geology (1862; ed . 4, 1895); Manual of Mineralogy (1848), afterwards entitled Manual of Mineralogy and Lithology (ed . 4, 1887); and See also:Corals and See also:Coral Islands (1872; ed . 2, 1890) .

In 1887 See also:

Dana revisited the Hawaiian Islands, and the results of his further investigations were published in a quarto See also:volume in 189o, entitled Characteristics of Volcanoes . By the Royal Society of See also:London he was awarded the See also:Copley See also:medal in 1877; and by the See also:Geological Society the See also:Wollaston medal in 1874 . His See also:powers of work were extraordinary, and in his 82nd See also:year he was occupied in preparing a new edition of his Manual of Geology, the 4th edition being issued in 1895 . He died on the 14th of See also:April 1895 . His son See also:EDWARD See also:SALISBURY DANA, born at New Haven on the 16th of See also:November 1849, is author of A Textbook of Mineralogy (1877; new ed . 1898) and a See also:Text See also:Book of Elementary See also:Mechanics (1881) . In 1879—8o he was professor of natural See also:philosophy and then became professor of physics at Yale . See Life of J . D . Dana, by See also:Daniel C . See also:Gilman (1899) .

End of Article: JAMES DWIGHT DANA (1813-1895)
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