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JOHN FREDERIC DANIELL (1790-1845)

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Originally appearing in Volume V07, Page 809 of the 1911 Encyclopedia Britannica.
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JOHN FREDERIC DANIELL (1790-1845)  ,
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English chemist and physicist, was born in
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London on the 12th of March 1790, and in 1831 became the first professor of chemistry at the newly founded King's College, London . His name is best known for his invention of the Daniell cell (Phil . Trans., 1836), still extensively used for telegraphic and other purposes . He also invented the
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dew-point hygrometer known by his name (Quar . Journ . Sci., 1820), and a
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register pyrometer (Phil . Trans., 1830); and in 183o he erected in the hall of the Royal Society a
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water-barometer, with which he carried out a large number of observations (Phil . Trans., 1832) . A
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process devised by him for the manufacture of
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illuminating
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gas from turpentine and resin was in use in New York for a time . His publications include Meteorological Essays (1823), an Essay on Artificial
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Climate considered in its Applications to Horticulture (1824), which showed the necessity of a humid atmosphere in hothouses devoted to tropical
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plants, and an Introduction to the Study of Chemical Philosophy (1839) . He died suddenly of apoplexy on the 13th of March 1845, in London, while attending a meeting of the council of the Royal Society, of which he became a
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fellow in 1813 and
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foreign secretary in 1839 .

End of Article: JOHN FREDERIC DANIELL (1790-1845)
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