See also:

• DANZIG, or DANTSIC (Polish Gdansk)

DANZIG, or DANTSIC (See also:

• POLISH

Polish Gdansk)  , a strong maritime fortress and seaport of See also:

• GERMANY
• GERMANY (Ger. Deutschland)

Germany, See also:

• CAPITAL (i.e. capital stock or fund)
• CAPITAL (Lat. caput, head)

capital of the See also:

• PROVINCE
• PROVINCE (Lat. provincia; perhaps a contraction of providentia)

province of See also:

• WEST
• WEST, BENJAMIN (1738-1820)
• WEST, NICHOLAS (1461-1533)

West See also:

• PRUSSIA
• PRUSSIA (Ger. Preussen; Lat. Borussia)

Prussia, on the See also:

• LEFT

left See also:

• BANK

bank of the western See also:

• ARM (a common Teutonic word; the Indo-European root is ar, to join or fit; cf. the Lat. armus, shoulder, and the plural word arma, weapons, Gr. apphs, joint, and the reduplicated apapilKSV, to join)

arm of the See also:

• VISTULA (Ger. Weichsel, Polish Wisla)

Vistula, 4 M . S. of its entrance, at Neufahrwasser, into the Baltic, 253 M . N.E. from See also:

• BERLIN
• BERLIN, CONGRESS AND TREATY OF
• BERLIN, ISAIAH (1725–1799)

Berlin by See also:

• RAIL

rail . Pop . (1885) 114,805; (1905) 159,088 . The See also:

• CITY (through Fr. cite, from Lat. civitas)

city is traversed by two branches of the Mottlau, a small tributary of the Vistula, dredged to a See also:

• DEPTH

depth of 15 ft., thus enabling large vessels to reach the wharves of the inner See also:

• TOWN

town . The strong fortifications which, with ramparts, bastions and wet ditches, formerly entirely surrounded the city, were removed on the See also:

• NORTH
• NORTH, BARONS
• NORTH, MARIANNE (1830—1890)
• NORTH, ROGER (1653-1734)
• NORTH, SIR THOMAS (1535?-16o1?)

north and west sides in 1895-1896, the trenches filled in, and the See also:

• AREA

area thus freed laid out on a spacious See also:

• PLAN
• PLAN (from Lat. planes, flat)

plan . One portion, acquired by the See also:

• MUNICIPALITY

municipality, has been turned into promenades and gardens, the See also:

• STEFFENS, HENRIK (1773-1845)

Steffens See also:

• PARK (Fr. part; Ital. parco; Sp. Marque; O.Eng. pearroc; connected with Ger. pferch, fold, and pfarrei, district, translating med. Lat. parochia, parish)
• PARK, EDWARDS AMASA (1808–1900)
• PARK, MUNGO (1771-1806?)

Park; outside the Olivaer Tor, fifty acres in extent, occupying the north-western corner . The See also:

• REMAINDER, REVERSION

remainder of the massive defences remain, with twenty bastions, in the hands of the military authorities; the See also:

• WORKS

works for laying the surrounding See also:

• COUNTRY (from the Mid. Eng. contre or contrie, and O. Fr. cuntree; Late Lat. contrata, showing the derivation from contra, opposite, over against, thus the tract of land which fronts the sight, cf. Ger. Gegend, neighbourhood)

country under See also:

• WATER

water on the eastern See also:

• SIDE
• SIDE (mod. Eski Adalia)

side have been modernized, and the western side defended by a See also:

• CORDON (a French derivative of corde, cord)

cordon of forts crowning the hills and extending down to the See also:

• PORT

port of Neufahrwasser . See also:

• DANZIG, or DANTSIC (Polish Gdansk)

Danzig almost alone of larger See also:

• GERMAN
• GERMAN, DUTCH AND SCANDINAVIAN

German cities still preserves its picturesque See also:

• MEDIEVAL

medieval aspect . The See also:

• GRAND

grand old patrician houses of the days of its Hanseatic See also:

• GLORY (through the O. Fr. glorie, modern gloire, from Lat. gloria, cognate with Gr. KXebs, abets)

glory, with their lofty and often elaborately ornamented gables and their balconied windows, are the delight of the visitor to the town . Only one See also:

• ANCIENT
• ANCIENT (also spelt ANTIENT; derived, through the Fr. ancien, old, from the late Lat. antianum, from ante, before)

ancient feature is rapidly disappearing—owing to the exigencies of See also:

• STREET
• STREET, GEORGE EDMUND (1824-1881)

street See also:

• TRAFFIC

traffic—the See also:

• STONE
• STONE (0. Eng. shin; the word is common to Teutonic languages, cf. Ger. Stein, Du. steen, Dan. and Swed. sten; the root is also seen in Gr. aria, pebble)
• STONE, CHARLES POMEROY (1824-1887)
• STONE, EDWARD JAMES (1831-1897)
• STONE, FRANK (1800-1859)
• STONE, GEORGE (1708—1764)
• STONE, LUCY [BLACKWELL] (1818-1893)
• STONE, MARCUS (184o— )
• STONE, NICHOLAS (1586-1647)

stone terraces See also:

• CLOSE
• CLOSE (from Lat. clausum, shut)
• CLOSE, MAXWELL HENRY (1822-1903)

close to the entrance doors and abutting on the street .

Of its old See also:

• GATES, HORATIO (1728-1806)

gates the Hohe Tor, modelled after a See also:

• ROMAN

Roman triumphal See also:

• ARCH
• ARCH, JOSEPH (1826– )

arch, is a remarkable monumental erection of the 16th See also:

• CENTURY (from Lat. centuria, a division of a hundred men)

century . From it runs the See also:

• LANGE, ANNE FRANCOISE ELIZABETH (1772—1816)
• LANGE, ERNST PHILIPP KARL (1813—1899)
• LANGE, FRIEDRICH ALBERT (1828—1875)
• LANGE, JOHANN PETER (1802-1884)

Lange Gasse, the See also:

• MAIN (from the Aryan root which appears in " may " and " might," and Lat. magnus, great)
• MAIN (Lat. Moenus)

main street, to the Lange Markt . On this square stands the Artus- or See also:

• JUNKER, WILHELM (1840-1892)

Junker-See also:

• HOF

hof (the See also:

• MERCHANT (O. Fr. marcheant, modern marchand; from Lat. mercari, to trade, merx, goods, merchandise)

merchant princes of the See also:

• MIDDLE

middle ages were in Germany styled "See also:

• TINKER

tinker, See also:

• SQUIRE

squire), containing a See also:

• HALL
• HALL (generally known as SCHWABISCH-HALL, tc distinguish it from the small town of Hall in Tirol and Bad-Hall, a health resort in Upper Austria)
• HALL (O.E. heall, a common Teutonic word, cf. Ger. Halle)
• HALL, BASIL (1788-1844)
• HALL, CARL CHRISTIAN (1812–1888)
• HALL, CHARLES FRANCIS (1821-1871)
• HALL, CHRISTOPHER NEWMAN (1816—19oz)
• HALL, EDWARD (c. 1498-1547)
• HALL, FITZEDWARD (1825-1901)
• HALL, ISAAC HOLLISTER (1837-1896)
• HALL, JAMES (1793–1868)
• HALL, JAMES (1811–1898)
• HALL, JOSEPH (1574-1656)
• HALL, MARSHALL (1790-1857)
• HALL, ROBERT (1764-1831)
• HALL, SAMUEL CARTER (5800-5889)
• HALL, SIR JAMES (1761-1832)
• HALL, WILLIAM EDWARD (1835-1894)

hall richly decorated with See also:

• WOOD, ANTHONY A2 (1632-1695)
• WOOD, JOHN GEORGE (1827—1889)
• WOOD, MRS HENRY [ELLEN] (1814—1887)
• WOOD, SEARLES VALENTINE (1798—188o)

wood See also:

• CARVING

carving and pictures, once used as a banqueting-See also:

• ROOM

room and now serving as the See also:

• EXCHANGE

exchange . There are twelve See also:

• PROTESTANT

Protestant and seven Roman See also:

• CATHOLIC (Gr. KcaBoXuK6s, general, universal)

Catholic churches and two synagogues . Of these the most important is St See also:

• MARY
• MARY (1457-1482)
• MARY (1496-1533)
• MARY, QUEEN OF SCOTS

Mary's, begun in 1343 and completed in 1503, one of the largest Protestant churches in existence . It possesses a famous See also:

• PAINTING

painting of the Last See also:

• JUDGMENT

Judgment, formerly attributed to See also:

• JAN

Jan See also:

• VAN

van See also:

• EYCK, VAN

Eyck, but probably by See also:

• MEMLINC, HANS (c. 1430-1494)

Memlinc . Among other ancient buildings of See also:

• NOTE
• NOTE (Lat. nota, mark, sign, from noscere, to know)

note are the beautiful See also:

• GOTHIC

Gothic town hall, surmounted by a graceful See also:

• SPIRE

spire, the armoury (Zeughaus) and the Franciscan monastery, restored in 1871, and now See also:

• HOUSING

housing the municipal picture See also:

• GALLERY (through Ital. galleria, from Med. Lat. galeria, of which the origin is unknown)

gallery and a collection of antiquities . Of See also:

• MODERN

modern structures, the See also:

• GOVERNMENT
• GOVERNMENT (0. Fr. governement, mod. gouvernement, O. Fr. governer, mod. gouverner, from Lat. gubernare, to steer a ship, guide, rule; cf. Gr. xv(3epvav)

government offices, the See also:

• HOUSE
• HOUSE (O. Eng. hiss, a word common to Teutonic languages, cf. Dut. huis, Ger. Haus; in Gothic it is only found in gudhiss, a temple; it may be ultimately connected with the root of " hide," conceal)

house of the provincial See also:

• DIET

diet, the See also:

• POST

post See also:

• OFFICE (from Lat. officium, " duty," " service," a shortened form of opifacium, from facere, " to do," and either the stem of opes, " wealth," " aid," or opus, " work ")

office and the See also:

• PALACE (Lat. Palatium, the name given by Augustus to his residence on the Palatine Hill)

palace of the See also:

• COMMANDER

commander of the 17th See also:

• ARMY
• ARMY (from Fr. armee, Lat. armata)

army See also:

• CORPS (pronounced as in French, from which it is taken, being a late spelling of tors, from Lat. corpus, a body; cf. " corpse ")

corps, which has its headquarters in Danzig, are the most noteworthy . The manufacture of arms and See also:

• ARTILLERY (the O. Fr. artiller, to equip with engines of war, probably comes from Late Lat. articulum, dim. of ars, art, cf. " engine " from ingenium, or of artus, joint)

artillery is carried on to a See also:

• GREAT

great extent, and the imperial and private docks and See also:

• SHIPBUILDING

shipbuilding establishments, notably the See also:

• SCHICHAU, FERDINAND (1814-1896)

Schichau yard, turn out See also:

• SHIPS

ships of the largest See also:

• SIZE

size . The town is famous for its See also:

• AMBER

amber, See also:

• BEER

beer, See also:

• BRANDY

brandy and See also:

• LIQUEURS

liqueurs, and its transit See also:

• TRADE (O. Eng. trod, footstep, from tredan, to tread; in M. Eng. the forms teed, trod and trade appear, the last in the sense of a beaten track)
• TRADE, BOARD OF

trade makes it one of the most important commercial cities of See also:

• NORTHERN

northern See also:

• EUROPE

Europe . Danzig originally owed its commercial importance to the fact that it was the See also:

• SHIPPING

shipping port for the See also:

• CORN (a common Teutonic word; cf. Lat. granum, seed, grain)
• CORN (fromm Lat. corms, horn)

corn grown in See also:

• POLAND (Polish Polska, Ger. Polen), (see POLAND, RUSSIAN, below)
• POLAND, RUSSIAN

Poland and the adjacent regions of See also:

• RUSSIA
• RUSSIA (Rossiya)

Russia and Prussia; but for some few years past this trade has been slipping away from her . On the other See also:

• HAND
• HAND (a word common to Teutonic languages; cf. Ger. Hand, Goth. handus)
• HAND, FERDINAND GOTTHELF (1786-185r)

hand, her trade in See also:

• TIMBER

timber and See also:

• SUGAR

sugar has grown proportionally .

Nevertheless energetic efforts are being made to check any loss of importance—first, in 1898, by a determined See also:

• ATTEMPT (Lat. adtemptare, attentare, to try)

attempt to make Danzig an See also:

• INDUSTRIAL

industrial centre, manufacturing on a large See also:

• SCALE
• SCALE (1) A

scale; and secondly, by the construction and opening in 1899 of a See also:

• FREE

free See also:

• HARBOUR (from M.E. hereberge, here, an army; cf. Ger. Heer and -beorg, protection or shelter. Other early forms in English were herberwe and haiborow, as seen in various place names, such as Market Harborough.. The French auberge, an inn, derived through

harbour at Neufahrwasser at the mouth of the Vistula . The See also:

• INDUSTRIES

industries which it has been the See also:

• PRINCIPAL

principal aim to See also:

• FOSTER, GEORGE EULAS (1847– )
• FOSTER, JOHN (177o-1843)
• FOSTER, MYLES BIRKET (1825-1899)
• FOSTER, SIR CLEMENT LE NEVE (1841-1904)
• FOSTER, SIR MICHAEL (1836-r9o7)
• FOSTER, STEPHEN COLLINS (1826-1864)

foster and further develop are See also:

• SHIP

ship-See also:

• BUILDING

building (See also:

• NAVAL

naval and marine), See also:

• STEEL, FLORA ANNIE (1847– )

steel foundries and See also:

• ROLLING

rolling See also:

• MILLS, JOHN (d. 1736)
• MILLS, ROGER QUARLES (1832– )

mills, sugar refineries, See also:

• FLOUR

flour and oil mills, and distilleries . See also:

• HISTORY

History.—The origin of Danzig is unknown, but it is mentioned in 997 as an important town . At different times it was held by See also:

• POMERANIA (German, Pommern)

Pomerania, Poland, See also:

• BRANDENBURG

Brandenburg and See also:

• DENMARK
• DENMARK (Danmark)

Denmark, and in 1308 it See also:

• FELL
• FELL, JOHN (1625-1686)

fell into the hands of the See also:

• TEUTONIC
• TEUTONIC (GERMANIC) LANGUAGES

Teutonic knights, under whose See also:

• RULE

rule it See also:

• LONG, GEORGE (1800-1879)
• LONG, JOHN DAVIS (1838– )

long prospered . It was one of the four See also:

• CHIEF (from Fr. chef, head, Lat. caput)

chief towns of the Hanseatic See also:

• LEAGUE

League . In 1455, when the Teutonic See also:

• ORDER
• ORDER (through Fr. ordre, for earlier ordene, from Lat. ordo, ordinis, rank, service, arrangement; the ultimate source is generally taken to be the root seen in Lat. oriri, rise, arise, begin; cf. " origin ")
• ORDER, HOLY

Order had become thoroughly corrupt, Danzig shook off its yoke and submitted to the See also:

• KING
• KING (O. Eng. cyning, abbreviated into cyng, cing; cf. O. H. G. chun- kuning, chun- kunig, M.H.G. kiinic, kiinec, kiinc, Mod. Ger. Konig, O. Norse konungr, kongr, Swed. konung, kung)
• KING [OF OCKHAM], PETER KING, 1ST BARON (1669-1734)
• KING, CHARLES WILLIAM (1818-1888)
• KING, CLARENCE (1842–1901)
• KING, EDWARD (1612–1637)
• KING, EDWARD (1829–1910)
• KING, HENRY (1591-1669)
• KING, RUFUS (1755–1827)
• KING, THOMAS (1730–1805)
• KING, WILLIAM (1650-1729)
• KING, WILLIAM (1663–1712)

king of Poland, to whom it was formally ceded, along with the whole of West Prussia, at the See also:

• PEACE
• PEACE, BREACH OF THE

peace of See also:

• THORN (O. Eng. porn, cf. Du. doorn, Ger. Dorn, &c)
• THORN (Polish Torun)

Thorn . Although nominally subject to Poland, and represented in the See also:

• POLISH

Polish diets and at the See also:

• ELECTION
• ELECTION (from Lat. eligere, to pick out)

election of Polish See also:

• KINGS, FIRST AND SECOND BOOKS OF

kings, it enjoyed the rights of a free city, and governed a considerable territory with more than See also:

• THIRTY

thirty villages . It suffered severely through various See also:

• WARS

wars of the 17th and 18th centuries, and in 1734, having declared in favour of Stanislus Leszczynski, was besieged and taken by the Russians and See also:

• SAXONS

Saxons . At the first See also:

• PARTITION

partition of Poland, in 1772, Danzig was separated from that See also:

• KINGDOM

kingdom; and in 1793 it came into the See also:

• POSSESSION
• POSSESSION (Lat. possessio, possidere, to possess)

possession of Prussia . In 1807, during the See also:

• WAR
• WAR (O. Eng. werre, Fr. guerre, of Teutonic origin; cf. O.H.G. werran, to confound)

war between See also:

• FRANCE
• FRANCE, ANATOLE (1844– )

France and Prussia, it was bombarded and captured by See also:

• MARSHAL (med. Lat. marescalcus, from O.H.Ger. marah, horse, and scalc, servant)

Marshal See also:

• LEFEBVRE, PIERRE FRANCOIS JOSEPH
• LEFEBVRE, TANNEGUY (TANAQUILLUS FABER) (1615-1672)

Lefebvre, who was rewarded with the See also:

• TITLE (0. Fr. title, mod. titre, from Lat. titulus)

title of See also:

• DUKE (corresponding to Fr. duc, Ital. duca, Ger. Herzog)

duke of Danzig; and at the peace of See also:

• TILSIT

Tilsit See also:

• NAPOLEON

Napoleon declared it a free town, under the See also:

• PROTECTION

protection of France, Prussia and See also:

• SAXONY
• SAXONY (Ger. Provinz Sachsen)

Saxony, restoring to it its ancient territory . A See also:

• FRENCH
• FRENCH, DANIEL CHESTER (1850– )
• FRENCH, NICHOLAS (1604-1678)

French See also:

• GOVERNOR (from the Fr. gouverneur, from gouverner, O. Fr. governer, Lat. gubernare, to steer a ship, to direct, guide)

governor, however, remained in it, and by compelling it to submit to the See also:

• CONTINENTAL

continental See also:

• SYSTEM

system almost ruined its trade . It was given back to Prussia in 1814 .

See J . C . See also:

• SCHULTZ, HERMANN (1836- )

Schultz, Danzig and See also:

• SEINE
• SEINE (Lat. Sequana)
• SEINE, or SEAN (O. Fr. seigne, mod. seine, Lat. sagena, Gr. vaytivrl, a draw-net)

seine Bauwerke (Berlin, 1873) ; Wistulanus, Geschichte der Stadt Danzig (Danzig, 1891); Defense de Dantzig en 1813; documents militaires du See also:

• LIEUTENANT

lieutenant-See also:

• GENERAL
• GENERAL (Lat. generalis, of or relating to a genus, kind or class)

general See also:

• CAM (CAO), DIOGO (fl. 1480-1486)

Cam predon, pub. by Auriel (See also:

• PARIS
• PARIS (also called ALEXANDROS)
• PARIS, ALEXIS PAULIN (1800-x881)
• PARIS, BRUNO PAULIN GASTON (1839-1903)
• PARIS, FRANCOIS DE (169o-1727)
• PARIS, LOUIS PHILIPPE ALBERT
• PARIS, TREATIES OF (1814-1815)

Paris, 1888); See also:

• DANIEL
• DANIEL (DANIL)
• DANIEL, BOOK
• DANIEL, GABRIEL (1649-1728)

Daniel, Deutschland (See also:

• LEIPZIG

Leipzig, 1895) .