DEDUCTION (from

See also:

• LAT

Lat. deducere, to take or

See also:

• LEAD
• LEAD (pronounced iced)

lead from or out of, derive)  , a term used in common parlance for the process of taking away from, or subtracting (as in mathematics), and specially for the argumentative process of arriving at a conclusion from evidence, i.e. for any kind of inference.i In this sense it includes both arguments from particular facts and those from general laws to particular cases . In logic it is generally used in contradiction to " induction " for a kind of mediate inference, in which a conclusion (often itself called the deduction) is regarded as . following necessarily under certain fixed . laws from premises . This, the most common, form of deduction is the syllogism (q.v.; see also LOGIC), which consists in taking a general principle and deriving from it facts which are necessarily involved in it . This use of deduction is of comparatively modern origin; it was originally used as the equivalent of Aristotle's /rn-aywyi (see Prior Analytics, B xxv.) . The modern use of deduction is practically identical with the Aristotelian ouXXoycQµbs . 1 Two forms of the verb are used,- " deduce " and deduct originally synonymous, they are now distinguished, " deduce being confined to arguments, " deduct " to quantities . clear sanguine complexion, with a long beard as white as milk—a very handsome man—tall and slender . He wore a goune like an artist's. goiine with hanging sleeves." Dee's Speculum or mirror, a piece of solid pink-tinted glass about the size of an orange, is preserved in the British Museum . His principal works are—Propaedeumata aphorislica (London, 1558) ; Monas hieroglyphica (Antwerp, 1564) ; Epistola ad Fredericum Commandinum (Pesaro, 1570) ; Preface Mathematical to the English Euclid (1570) ; Divers Annotations and Inventions added after the tenth book of English Euclid (1570) ; Epistola praefixa Ephemeridibus Joannis Feldi, a . 1557; Parallaticae commentationis praxeosque nucleus quidam (London, 1573) . The catalogue of his printed and published works is to be found in his Compendious Rehearsal, as well as in his letter to Archbishop Whitgift . A manuscript of Dee's, relating what passed for many years between him and some spirits, was edited by Meric Casaubon and published in 1659 .

The Private

Diary of Dr John Dee, and the Catalogue of his Library of Manuscripts, edited by J . O . Halliwell, was published by the Camden Society in 1842 . There is a life of Dee in Thomas Smith's Vitae illustrium virorum . (1707); English translation by W . A . Ayton, the Life of John Dee (1909) .