See also:

• AGOSTINO
• AGOSTINO, or AGOSTINI [AUGUSTINUS], PAOLO (1593-1629)

AGOSTINO See also:

• AGOSTINO DEPRETIS (1813-1887)

DEPRETIS (1813-1887)  , See also:

• ITALIAN

Italian statesman, was See also:

• BORN, IGNAZ, EDLER VON (1742–1791)

born at Mezzana See also:

• CORTE

Corte, in the See also:

• PROVINCE
• PROVINCE (Lat. provincia; perhaps a contraction of providentia)

province of See also:

• STRADELLA, ALESSANDRO (?1645–1682)

Stradella on the 31st of See also:

• JANUARY

January 1813 . From See also:

• EARLY
• EARLY, JUBAL ANDERSON (1816-1894)

early manhood a See also:

• DISCIPLE

disciple of Mazzini and affiliated to the Giovane Italia, he took an active See also:

• PART

part in the Mazzinian conspiracies and was nearly captured by the Austrians while See also:

• SMUGGLING

smuggling arms into See also:

• MILAN
• MILAN (Ital. Milano, Ger. Mailand, anc. Mediolanum, q.v.)

Milan . Elected See also:

• DEPUTY (through the Fr. from a Late Lat. use of deputare, to cut off, allot; putare having the original sense of to trim, prune)

deputy in 1848, he joined the See also:

• LEFT

Left and founded the See also:

• JOURNAL
• JOURNAL (through Fr. from late Lat. diurnalis, daily)

journal Il Diritto, but held no See also:

• OFFICIAL (Late Lat. QJicialis, for class. Lat. apparitor, from officium, office, duty)

official position until appointed See also:

• GOVERNOR (from the Fr. gouverneur, from gouverner, O. Fr. governer, Lat. gubernare, to steer a ship, to direct, guide)

governor of See also:

• BRESCIA
• BRESCIA (anc. Brixia)

Brescia in 1859 . In 186o he went to See also:

• SICILY (Ital. Sicilia)

Sicily on a See also:

• MISSION

mission to reconcile the policy of See also:

• CAVOUR (anc. Caburrum or Forum Vibii)
• CAVOUR, CAMILLO BENSO, COUNT (1810–18.61)

Cavour (who desired the immediate See also:

• INCORPORATION (from Lat. incorporare, to form into a body)

incorporation of the See also:

• ISLAND (O.E. ieg =isle, +land')

island in the See also:

• KINGDOM

kingdom of See also:

• ITALY
• ITALY (Italia)

Italy) with that of See also:

• GARIBALDI, GIUSEPPE (1807-1882)

Garibaldi, who wished to postpone the Sicilian See also:

• PLEBISCITE (Lat. plebiscitum, a decree of the plebs)

plebiscite until after the liberation of See also:

• NAPLES
• NAPLES (Ital. Napoli, and Lat. Neapolis)
• NAPLES, KINGDOM OF

Naples and See also:

• ROME
• ROME (Roma)

Rome . Though appointed See also:

• PRO

pro-See also:

• DICTATOR (from the Lat. dictare, frequentative of dicere, to speak)

dictator of Sicily by Garibaldi, he failed in his See also:

• ATTEMPT (Lat. adtemptare, attentare, to try)

attempt . Accepting the See also:

• PORTFOLIO (shortened form of Porto folio, adapted from the Ital. portafogli, portare, to carry, and fogli, sheets or leaves of paper, Lat. folium, leaf)

portfolio of public See also:

• WORKS

works in the Rattazzi See also:

• CABINET

cabinet. in 1862, he served as intermediary in arranging with Garibaldi the expedition which ended disastrously at See also:

• ASPROMONTE

Aspromonte . Four years later, on the outbreak of See also:

• WAR
• WAR (O. Eng. werre, Fr. guerre, of Teutonic origin; cf. O.H.G. werran, to confound)

war against See also:

• AUSTRIA
• AUSTRIA, LOWER (Ger. Niederosterreich or Osterreich unter der Enns, " Austria below the river Enns ")
• AUSTRIA, UPPER (Ger. Oberosterreich or Osterreich ob der Enns, " Austria above the river Enns ")

Austria, he entered the See also:

• RICASOLI, BETTINO, BARON (1809-1880)

Ricasoli cabinet as See also:

• MINISTER (Lat. minister, servant)

minister of marine, and, by maintaining See also:

• ADMIRAL

Admiral Persano in command of the See also:

• FLEET

fleet, contributed to the defeat of See also:

• LISSA (Polish Lezno)
• LISSA (Serbo-Croation Vis; Lat. Issa)

Lissa . His apologists contend, however, that, as an inexperienced civilian, he could not have made sudden changes in See also:

• NAVAL

naval arrangements without disorganizing the fleet, and that in view of the impending hostilities he was obliged to accept the dispositions of his predecessors . Upon the See also:

• DEATH

death of Rattazzi in 1873, See also:

• DEPRETIS, AGOSTINO (1813-1887)

Depretis became See also:

• LEADER, BENJAMIN WILLIAMS (1831– )

leader of the Left, prepared the See also:

• ADVENT (Lat. Adventus, sc. Redemptoris, " the coming of the Saviour ")

advent of his party to See also:

• POWER [WILLIAM GRATTAN] TYRONE (1797-1841)

power, and was called upon to See also:

• FORM (Lat. forma)

form the first cabinet of the Left in 1876 . Overthrown by See also:

• CAIROLI, BENEDETTO (1825-1889)

Cairoli in See also:

• MARCH
• MARCH (1) (from Fr. marcher, to walk; the earliest sense in French appears to be " to trample," and the origin has usually been found in the Lat. marcus, hammer; Low Lat. marcare, to hammer; hence to beat the road with the regular tread of a soldier: cf.
• MARCH, AUZIAS (c. "1395-1458)
• MARCH, EARLS OF
• MARCH, FRANCIS ANDREW (1825– )

March 1878 on the grist-tax question, he succeeded, in the following See also:

• DECEMBER (Lat. decent, ten)

December, in defeating Cairoli, became again premier, but on the 3rd of See also:

• JULY

July 1879 was once more overturned by Cairoli . In See also:

• NOVEMBER (Lat. novem, nine)

November 1879 he, however, entered the Cairoli cabinet as minister of the interior, and in May 1881 succeeded to the premiership, retaining that See also:

• OFFICE (from Lat. officium, " duty," " service," a shortened form of opifacium, from facere, " to do," and either the stem of opes, " wealth," " aid," or opus, " work ")

office until his death on the 29th of July 1887 . During the See also:

• LONG, GEORGE (1800-1879)
• LONG, JOHN DAVIS (1838– )

long See also:

• INTERVAL

interval he recomposed his cabinet four times, first throwing out See also:

• ZANARDELLI, GIUSEPPE (1826—1903)

Zanardelli and Baccarini in See also:

• ORDER
• ORDER (through Fr. ordre, for earlier ordene, from Lat. ordo, ordinis, rank, service, arrangement; the ultimate source is generally taken to be the root seen in Lat. oriri, rise, arise, begin; cf. " origin ")
• ORDER, HOLY

order to please the Right, and subsequently bestowing portfolios upon Ricotti, See also:

• ROBILANT, CARLO FELICE NICOLIS, CONTE DI (1826-1888)

Robilant and other Conservatives, so as to See also:

• COMPLETE

complete the See also:

• POLITICAL

political See also:

• PROCESS

process known as " trasformismo." A few See also:

• WEEKS, EDWIN LORD (1849-1903)

weeks before his death he repented of his transformist policy, and again included See also:

• CRISPI, FRANCESCO (1819-1901)

Crispi and Zanardelli in his cabinet .

During his long See also:

• TERM

term of office he abolished the grist tax, extended the See also:

• SUFFRAGE (Lat. suffragium)

suffrage, completed the railway See also:

• SYSTEM

system, aided See also:

• MANCINI, PASQUALE STANISLAO (1817-1888)

Mancini in forming the Triple See also:

• ALLIANCE

Alliance, and initiated colonial policy by the occupation of See also:

• MASSAWA, or MASSOWAII

Massawa; but, at the same See also:

• TIME (0. Eng. Lima, cf. Icel. timi, Swed. timme, hour, Dan. time; from the root also seen in " tide," properly the time of between the flow and ebb of the sea, cf. O. Eng. getidan, to happen, " even-tide," &c.; it is not directly related to Lat. tempus)
• TIME, MEASUREMENT OF
• TIME, STANDARD

time, he vastly increased indirect See also:

• TAXATION
• TAXATION (from " tax," derived, through the French, from Lat. taxare, to appraise, which again is connected with the same root as tangere, to touch)

taxation, corrupted and destroyed the fibre of See also:

• PARLIAMENTARY

parliamentary parties, and, by extravagance in public works, impaired the stability of Italian See also:

• FINANCE

finance .