15TH See also:

• EARL

EARL OF GERALD See also:

• FITZGERALD
• FITZGERALD, EDWARD (1809–1883)
• FITZGERALD, LORD E
• FITZGERALD, LORD EDWARD (1763-1798)
• FITZGERALD, LORD THOMAS (loth earl of Kildare), (1513-1537)
• FITZGERALD, RAYMOND, or REDMOND (d. ca. 1182)

FITZGERALD See also:

• DESMOND (Des-Mumha)
• 15TH EARL OF GERALD FITZGERALD DESMOND (d. 1583)7

DESMOND (d. 1583)7  Irish See also:

• LEADER, BENJAMIN WILLIAMS (1831– )

leader, was son of See also:

• JAMES
• JAMES (Gr. 'IlrKw,l3or, the Heb. Ya`akob or Jacob)
• JAMES (JAMES FRANCIS EDWARD STUART) (1688-1766)
• JAMES, 2ND EARL OF DOUGLAS AND MAR(c. 1358–1388)
• JAMES, DAVID (1839-1893)
• JAMES, EPISTLE OF
• JAMES, GEORGE PAYNE RAINSFOP
• JAMES, HENRY (1843— )
• JAMES, JOHN ANGELL (1785-1859)
• JAMES, THOMAS (c. 1573–1629)
• JAMES, WILLIAM (1842–1910)
• JAMES, WILLIAM (d. 1827)

James, 14th See also:

• EARL

earl, by his second wife More O'See also:

• CARROLL, CHARLES (1737-1832)
• CARROLL, JOHN (1735-1815)

Carroll . His See also:

• FATHER

father had agreed in See also:

• JANUARY

January 1541, as one of the terms of his submission to See also:

• HENRY
• HENRY (1129-1195)
• HENRY (c. 1108-1139)
• HENRY (c. 1174–1216)
• HENRY (Fr. Henri; Span. Enrique; Ger. Heinrich; Mid. H. Ger. Heinrich and Heimrich; O.H.G. Haimi- or Heimirih, i.e. " prince, or chief of the house," from O.H.G. heim, the Eng. home, and rih, Goth. reiks; compare Lat. rex " king "—" rich," therefore " mig
• HENRY, EDWARD LAMSON (1841– )
• HENRY, JAMES (1798-1876)
• HENRY, JOSEPH (1797-1878)
• HENRY, MATTHEW (1662-1714)
• HENRY, PATRICK (1736–1799)
• HENRY, PRINCE OF BATTENBERG (1858-1896)
• HENRY, ROBERT (1718-1790)
• HENRY, VICTOR (1850– )
• HENRY, WILLIAM (1795-1836)

Henry VIII., to send See also:

• YOUNG
• YOUNG, A
• YOUNG, ARTHUR (1741-1820)
• YOUNG, BRIGHAM (1801-1877)
• YOUNG, CHARLES MAYNE (1777–1856)
• YOUNG, EDWARD (1683–1765)
• YOUNG, JAMES (1811-1883)
• YOUNG, THOMAS (1773-1829)

young Gerald to be educated in See also:

• ENGLAND
• ENGLAND, THE CHURCH OF

England . At the See also:

• ACCESSION (from Lat. accedere, to go to, to approach)

accession of See also:

• EDWARD

Edward VI. proposals to this effect were renewed; Gerald was to be the See also:

• COMPANION (through the O. Fr. compaignon or compagnon, from the Late Lat. companio,—cum, with, and panis, bread,—one who shares meals with another; the word has been wrongly derived from the Late Lat. compagnus, one of the same pages or district)

companion of the young See also:

• KING
• KING (O. Eng. cyning, abbreviated into cyng, cing; cf. O. H. G. chun- kuning, chun- kunig, M.H.G. kiinic, kiinec, kiinc, Mod. Ger. Konig, O. Norse konungr, kongr, Swed. konung, kung)
• KING [OF OCKHAM], PETER KING, 1ST BARON (1669-1734)
• KING, CHARLES WILLIAM (1818-1888)
• KING, CLARENCE (1842–1901)
• KING, EDWARD (1612–1637)
• KING, EDWARD (1829–1910)
• KING, HENRY (1591-1669)
• KING, RUFUS (1755–1827)
• KING, THOMAS (1730–1805)
• KING, WILLIAM (1650-1729)
• KING, WILLIAM (1663–1712)

king . Unfortunately for the subsequent See also:

• PEACE
• PEACE, BREACH OF THE

peace of See also:

• MUNSTER
• MUNSTER, SEBASTIAN (1489-1552)

Munster these projects were not carried out . The See also:

• DESMOND (Des-Mumha)
• DESMOND, GERALD FITZGERALD, 15TH EARL OF (d. 1583)7

Desmond estates were held by a doubtful See also:

• TITLE (0. Fr. title, mod. titre, from Lat. titulus)

title, and claims on them were made by the Butlers, the hereditary enemies of the Geraldines, the 9th earl of See also:

• ORMONDE, EARL AND MARQUESS OF
• ORMONDE, JAMES BUTLER, 1ST DUKE
• ORMONDE, JAMES BUTLER, 2ND DUKE OF (1665-1745)

Ormonde having married See also:

• LADY (0. Eng. hlaefdige, Mid. Eng. ldfdi, lavedi; the first part of the word is hldf, loaf, bread, as in the corresponding hldford, lord; the second part is usually taken to be from the root dig-, to knead, seen also in " dough "; the sense development fr

Lady See also:

• JOAN

Joan See also:

• FITZGERALD
• FITZGERALD, EDWARD (1809–1883)
• FITZGERALD, LORD E
• FITZGERALD, LORD EDWARD (1763-1798)
• FITZGERALD, LORD THOMAS (loth earl of Kildare), (1513-1537)
• FITZGERALD, RAYMOND, or REDMOND (d. ca. 1182)

Fitzgerald, daughter and heiress-See also:

• GENERAL
• GENERAL (Lat. generalis, of or relating to a genus, kind or class)

general of the I1th earl of Desmond . On Ormonde's See also:

• DEATH

death she proposed to marry Gerald Fitzgerald, and eventually did so, after the death of her second See also:

• HUSBAND

husband, See also:

• SIR

Sir See also:

• FRANCIS
• FRANCIS (FRarrcols) OF SALES, ST (1567-1622)
• FRANCIS (Lat. Franciscus, Ital. Francesco, Span. Francisco, Fr. Francois, Ger. Franz)
• FRANCIS, SIR PHILIP (174o-1818)

Francis See also:

• BRYAN, WILLIAM JENNINGS (186o– )

Bryan . The effect of this See also:

• MARRIAGE

marriage was a temporary cessation of open hostility between the Desmonds and her son, See also:

• THOMAS
• THOMAS (c. 1654-1720)
• THOMAS (d. 110o)
• THOMAS, ARTHUR GORING (1850-1892)
• THOMAS, CHARLES LOUIS AMBROISE (1811-1896)
• THOMAS, GEORGE (c. 1756-1802)
• THOMAS, GEORGE HENRY (1816-187o)
• THOMAS, ISAIAH (1749-1831)
• THOMAS, PIERRE (1634-1698)
• THOMAS, SIDNEY GILCHRIST (1850-1885)
• THOMAS, ST
• THOMAS, THEODORE (1835-1905)
• THOMAS, WILLIAM (d. 1554)

Thomas See also:

• BUTLER
• BUTLER (or BOTELER), SAMUEL (1612–168o)
• BUTLER (through the O. Fr. bouteillier, from the Late Lat. buticularius, buticula, a bottle)
• BUTLER, ALBAN (1710-1773)
• BUTLER, BENJAMIN FRANKLIN (1818-1893)
• BUTLER, CHARLES (1750–1832)
• BUTLER, GEORGE (1774-1853)
• BUTLER, JOSEPH (1692-1752)
• BUTLER, NICHOLAS MURRAY (1862– )
• BUTLER, SAMUEL (1774-1839)
• BUTLER, SAMUEL (1835-1902)
• BUTLER, SIR WILLIAM FRANCIS (1838– )
• BUTLER, WILLIAM ARCHER (1814-1848)

Butler, loth earl of Ormonde . Gerald succeeded to the earldom in 1558; he was knighted by the See also:

• LORD
• LORD (O. Eng. hldford, i.e. hldfweard, the warder or keeper of bread, hlIf, loaf; the word is not represented in any other Teutonic language)
• LORD, JOHN (1810-1894)

lord See also:

• DEPUTY (through the Fr. from a Late Lat. use of deputare, to cut off, allot; putare having the original sense of to trim, prune)

deputy See also:

• SUSSEX
• SUSSEX, EARLS OF
• SUSSEX, KINGDOM OF (SO Seaxe, i.e. the South Saxons)
• SUSSEX, THOMAS RADCLYFFE [or RATCLYFFE], 3RD EARL OF (c. 1525-1583)

Sussex, and did See also:

• HOMAGE (from homo, through the Low Lat. hominaticum, which occurs in a document of 1035)

homage at See also:

• WATERFORD

Waterford . He soon established See also:

• CLOSE
• CLOSE (from Lat. clausum, shut)
• CLOSE, MAXWELL HENRY (1822-1903)

close relations with his namesake Gerald Fitzgerald, Ilth earl of See also:

• KILDARE

Kildare (1525-1585), and with See also:

• SHANE

Shane O'See also:

• NEILL, JAMES GEORGE SMITH (1810-1857)

Neill . In spite of. an See also:

• AWARD (from O. Fr. ewart, or esguart, cf. " reward ")

award made by Sussex in See also:

• AUGUST (originally Sextilis)

August 156o regulating the matters in dispute between Ormonde and the Fitzgeralds, the Geraldine outlaws were still plundering their neighbours . Desmond neglected a See also:

• SUMMONS (Fr. semonce, from semonner or semondre, Lat. summonere, summonitio)

summons to appear at See also:

• ELIZABETH
• ELIZABETH (1533-1603)
• ELIZABETH (1596-1662)
• ELIZABETH (1635–1650)
• ELIZABETH [ AMELIE EUGENIE ] (1837—1898)
• ELIZABETH [1lisabeth Philippine Marie Helene of France] (1764—1794)
• ELIZABETH [PAULINE ELIZABETH OTTILIE LOUISE] (1843– )
• ELIZABETH [PETROVNA] (1709-1762), EMPRESS
• ELIZABETH, SAINT (1207-1231)

Elizabeth's See also:

• COURT
• COURT (from the O. Fr. court, Late Lat. cortis, curtis, a popular form of class. Lat. cohors, gen. cohortis; the mod. Fr. form tour is due to the influence of the Lat. curia, the word used in medieval documents to translate " court " in the feudal sense)
• COURT, ANTOINE (1696-176o)

court for some See also:

• TIME (0. Eng. Lima, cf. Icel. timi, Swed. timme, hour, Dan. time; from the root also seen in " tide," properly the time of between the flow and ebb of the sea, cf. O. Eng. getidan, to happen, " even-tide," &c.; it is not directly related to Lat. tempus)
• TIME, MEASUREMENT OF
• TIME, STANDARD

time on the plea that he was at See also:

• WAR
• WAR (O. Eng. werre, Fr. guerre, of Teutonic origin; cf. O.H.G. werran, to confound)

war with his See also:

• UNCLE

uncle See also:

• MAURICE (1521–1553)
• MAURICE (MAURICIUS FLAVIUS TIBERIUS) (c. 539–602)
• MAURICE [or MAURITIUS], ST (d. c. 286)
• MAURICE, JOHN FREDERICK DENISON (1805-1872)

Maurice . When . he did appear in See also:

• LONDON

London in May 1562 his insolent conduct before the privy See also:

• COUNCIL (Lat. concilium, from cum, together, and the root cal, to call)

council resulted in a See also:

• SHORT, FRANCIS JOB (1857– )

short imprisonment in the .

See also:

• TOWER (Lat. turris; Fr. tour, clocker; Ital. torre; Ger. Thurm)

Tower . He was detained. in England until 1564, and soon after his return his wife's death set him See also:

• FREE

free from such See also:

• RESTRAINT (from " to restrain," Lat. restringere, to hold back, prevent)

restraint as was provided by her Butler connexion . He now raided See also:

• THOMOND, EARL AND MARQUESS OF

Thomond, and in Waterford he sought to enforce his feudal rights on Sir Maurice Fitzgerald of Decks, who invoked the help of Ormonde . The two nobles thereupon resorted to open war, fighting a See also:

• BATTLE

battle at Affane on the See also:

• BLACKWATER

Blackwater, where Desmond was defeated and taken prisoner . Ormonde and Desmond were See also:

• BOUND, or BOUNDARY (from O. Fr. bonde, Med. Lat. bodena or butina, a frontier line)

bound over in London to keep the peace, being allowed to. return See also:

• EARLY
• EARLY, JUBAL ANDERSON (1816-1894)

early in 1566 to See also:

• IRELAND
• IRELAND, CHURCH
• IRELAND, CHURCH OF
• IRELAND, JOHN (1761-1842)
• IRELAND, JOHN (1838- )
• IRELAND, WILLIAM HENRY (1777-1835)

Ireland, where a royal See also:

• COMMISSION (from Lat. commissio, committere)

commission was appointed to See also:

• SETTLE
• SETTLE, ELKANAH (1648–1724)

settle the matters in dispute between them . Desmond and his See also:

• BROTHER

brother Sir See also:

• JOHN
• JOHN (1167–1216)
• JOHN (1290-c. 1320)
• JOHN (1296-1346)
• JOHN (1371–1419)
• JOHN (1468-1532)
• JOHN (1801-1873)
• JOHN (Heb. llni')
• JOHN (ZAPOLYA) (1487-1540)
• JOHN, 4TH MARQUESS OF TWEEDDALE (c. 1695-1762)
• JOHN, DON (1545-1578)
• JOHN, DON (1629–1679)
• JOHN, GOSPEL OF ST
• JOHN, or HAYS (1513–1571)
• JOHN, THE APOSTLE
• JOHN, THE EPISTLES OF

John of Desmond were sent over to England, where they surrendered their lands to the See also:

• QUEEN
• QUEEN (O.E. cwen, wife, related to "quean," O.E. cwene, a hussy; cf. Gr. yvvi7: from root gan-, to produce; cf. genus, " kin," &c.)

queen after a short experience of the Tower: In the meanwhile Desmond's See also:

• COUSIN (Fr. cousin, Ital. cugino, Late Lat. cosinus, perhaps a popular and familiar abbreviation of consobrinus, which has the same sense in classical Latin)
• COUSIN, JEAN (1500-1590)
• COUSIN, VICTOR (1792–1867)

cousin, James Fitzmaurice Fitzgerald, caused himself to be acclaimed See also:

• CAPTAIN (derived from Lat. ca put, head, through the Low Lat. capitanus)

captain of Desmond in See also:

• DEFIANCE

defiance of See also:

• SIDNEY
• SIDNEY (or SYDNEY), ALGERNON (1622-1683)
• SIDNEY, SIR HENRY (1529-1586)
• SIDNEY, SIR PHILIP (1554-1586)

Sidney, and in the evident expectation of usurping the earldom . He sought to give the See also:

• MOVEMENT

movement an ultra-See also:

• CATHOLIC (Gr. KcaBoXuK6s, general, universal)

Catholic See also:

• CHARACTER (Gr. xapareri7p, from xap&crew, to scratch)

character, with the See also:

• IDEA (Gr. Ibia, connected with i&eiv, to see; cf. Lat. species from specere, to look at)

idea of gaining See also:

• FOREIGN

foreign assistance, and allied himself with John See also:

• BURKE
• BURKE, ROBERT
• BURKE, SIR JOHN BERNARD (1814–1892)
• BURKE, WILLIAM (1792–1829)

Burke, son of the earl of See also:

• CLANRICARDE, ULICK DE BURGH (BOURKE or BURKE)
• CLANRICARDE, ULICK DE BURGH (BOURKE or BURKE), MARQUESS OF (1604-1657 or 1658)

Clanricarde, with See also:

• CONNOR (or O'CONNOR), BERNARD (1666-1698)

Connor O'Brien, earl of Thomond, and even secured Ormonde's brother, Sir See also:

• EDMUND
• EDMUND, or EADMUND (c. 980-1016)
• EDMUND, SAINT [EDMUND RICE] (d. 1240)

Edmund Butler, whom' Sidney had offended . Piers and Edward Butler also joined the See also:

• REBELLION

rebellion, but the See also:

• APPEARANCE (from Lat. apparere, to appear)

appearance of Sidney and' Ormonde in the See also:

• SOUTH
• SOUTH, ROBERT (1634–1716)

south-See also:

• WEST
• WEST, BENJAMIN (1738-1820)
• WEST, NICHOLAS (1461-1533)

west was rapidly followed by the submission of the Butlers . Most of the Geraldines were subjugated by See also:

• HUMPHREY (or HUMFREY), LAWRENCE (1527?-1590)

Humphrey See also:

• GILBERT
• GILBERT (KINGSMILL) ISLANDS
• GILBERT (or GYLBERDE), WILLIAM (1544-1603)
• GILBERT, ALFRED (1854– )
• GILBERT, ANN (1821-1904)
• GILBERT, GROVE KARL (1843– )
• GILBERT, J
• GILBERT, JOHN (1810-1889)
• GILBERT, MARIE DOLORES ELIZA ROSANNA [" LOLA MONTEZ "] (1818-1861)
• GILBERT, NICOLAS JOSEPH LAURENT (1751–1780)
• GILBERT, SIR HUMPHREY (c. 1539-1583)
• GILBERT, SIR JOSEPH HENRY (1817-1901)
• GILBERT, SIR WILLIAM SCHWENK (1836– )

Gilbert, but Fitzmaurice remained in arms, and in 1571 Sir John See also:

• PERROT, SIR JOHN (c. 1S27–1592)

Perrot undertook to reduce him . Perrot hunted him down, and at last on the 23rd of See also:

• FEBRUARY

February 1573 he made formal submission at See also:

• KILMALLOCK

Kilmallock, lying prostrate on the See also:

• FLOOR (from O. Eng. flor, a word common to many Teutonic languages, cf. Dutch vloer, and Ger. Flur, a field, in the feminine, and a floor, masculine)

floor of the See also:

• CHURCH
• CHURCH (according to most authorities derived from the Gr. Kvpcaxov [&wµa], " the Lord's [house]," and common to many Teutonic, Slavonic and other languages under various forms—Scottish kirk, Ger. Kirche, Swed. kirka, Dan. kirke, Russ. tserkov, Buig. cerk
• CHURCH, FREDERICK EDWIN (1826-1900)
• CHURCH, GEORGE EARL (1835–1910)
• CHURCH, RICHARD WILLIAM (1815–189o)
• CHURCH, SIR RICHARD (1784–1873)

church by way of proving his sincerity, Against the See also:

• ADVICE (Fr. avis, from Lat. ad, to, and visum, viewed)

advice of the queen's Irish counsellors Desmond was allowed to return to Ireland in 1573, the earl promising not to exercise See also:

• PALATINATE (Ger. Pfalz)

palatinate See also:

• JURISDICTION
• JURISDICTION, CRIMINAL LAW, DIVORCE

jurisdiction ' in See also:

• KERRY

Kerry until his rights to it were proved . He was detained for six months in See also:

• DUBLIN

Dublin, but in See also:

• NOVEMBER (Lat. novem, nine)

November slipped through the hands of the See also:

• GOVERNMENT
• GOVERNMENT (0. Fr. governement, mod. gouvernement, O. Fr. governer, mod. gouverner, from Lat. gubernare, to steer a ship, guide, rule; cf. Gr. xv(3epvav)

government, and within a very short time had reduced to a See also:

• STATE
• STATE, GREAT OFFICERS OF

state of anarchy the See also:

• PROVINCE
• PROVINCE (Lat. provincia; perhaps a contraction of providentia)

province which Perrot thought to have pacified by his severities . Edward Fitzgerald, brother of the earl of Kildare, and See also:

• LIEUTENANT

lieutenant of the queen's pensioners in London, was sent to remonstrate with Desmond, but accomplished nothing .

Desmond asserted that none but Brehon See also:

• LAW
• LAW (0. Eng. lagu, M. Eng. lawe; from an old Teutonic root lag, " lie," what lies fixed or evenly; cf. Lat. lex, Fr. loi)
• LAW, JOHN (1671—1729)
• LAW, WILLIAM (1686-1761)

law should be observed between Geraldines; and Fitzmaurice seized Captain See also:

• GEORGE
• GEORGE, 8TH MARQUESS OF TWEEDDALE (1787-1876)
• GEORGE, HENRY (1839—1897)
• GEORGE, LAKE
• GEORGE, SAINT (d. 303)

George See also:

• BOURCHIER, ARTHUR (1864- )
• BOURCHIER, THOMAS (c. 1404-1486)

Bourchier, one of Elizabeth's See also:

• OFFICERS

officers in the west . See also:

• ESSEX
• ESSEX, ARTHUR CAPEL
• ESSEX, EARLS OF
• ESSEX, KINGDOM OF
• ESSEX, ROBERT DEVEREUX
• ESSEX, ROBERT DEVEREUX, 2ND2 EARL OF (1566-1601)
• ESSEX, WALTER DEVEREUX, IST2 EARL OF (1541–1576)

Essex met the earl near See also:

• WATER

Water-See also:

• FORD, EDWARD ONSLOW
• FORD, JOHN (r586–c.1640)
• FORD, RICHARD (1796-1858)
• FORD, THOMAS (b. c. 158o)

ford in See also:

• JULY

July, and Bourchier was surrendered, but Desmond refused the other demands made in the queen's. name . A document offering £50o for his See also:

• HEAD (in 0. Eng. heafad; the word is common to Teutonic languages; cf. Dutch hoofd, Ger. Haupt, generally taken to be in origin connected with Lat. caput, Gr. KerbOvi7)
• HEAD, SIR EDMUND WALKER, BART
• HEAD, SIR FRANCIS BOND, BART

head, and s000 to any one who would take him alive, was See also:

• DRAWN

drawn up but was vetoed by two members of the council . On the 18th of July 1574 the Geraldine chiefs signed the " See also:

• COMBINATION (Lat. combinare, to combine)

Combination " promising to support the. earl unconditionally; shortly afterwards Ormonde and the lord deputy, Sir See also:

• WILLIAM
• WILLIAM (1143-1214)
• WILLIAM (1227-1256)
• WILLIAM (1J33-1584)
• WILLIAM (A.S. Wilhelm, O. Norse Vilhidlmr; O. H. Ger. Willahelm, Willahalm, M. H. Ger. Willehelm, Willehalm, Mod.Ger. Wilhelm; Du. Willem; O. Fr. Villalme, Mod. Fr. Guillaume; from " will," Goth. vilja, and " helm," Goth. hilms, Old Norse hidlmr, meaning
• WILLIAM (c. 1130-C. 1190)
• WILLIAM, 13TH

William See also:

• FITZWILLIAM, SIR WILLIAM (1526-1599)
• FITZWILLIAM, WILLIAM WENTWORTH FITZWILLIAM, 2ND EARL (1748-1833)

Fitzwilliam, marched on Munster, and put Desmond's See also:

• GARRISON
• GARRISON, WILLIAM LLOYD (1805-1879)

garrison at Derrinlaur See also:

• CASTLE
• CASTLE (Lat. castellum, a fort, diminutive of castra, a camp; Fr. chateau and chdtel)

Castle to the See also:

• SWORD (0. Eng. sweord; ultimately from an Indo-European root meaning to wound)

sword . Desmond submitted at See also:

• CORK
• CORK (perhaps through Sp. corcha from Lat. cortex, bark, but possibly connected with quercus, oak)
• CORK, RICHARD BOYLE

Cork on the 2nd of See also:

• SEPTEMBER (Lat. septem, seven)

September, handing over his estates to trustees . Sir Henry Sidney visited Munster in 1575, and affairs seemed to promise an early restoration of See also:

• ORDER
• ORDER (through Fr. ordre, for earlier ordene, from Lat. ordo, ordinis, rank, service, arrangement; the ultimate source is generally taken to be the root seen in Lat. oriri, rise, arise, begin; cf. " origin ")
• ORDER, HOLY

order . But Fitzmaurice had fled to See also:

• BRITTANY

Brittany in See also:

• COMPANY

company with other leading Geraldines, John Fitzgerald, See also:

• SENESCHAL (the O. Fr. form, mod. senechal, of the Low Lat. senescalcus, a word of Teutonic origin, meaning " old or senior servant," Goth. sini- old; cf. Lat. senex and stalks, servant; Du Cange's derivation from seneste, flock, herd, must be rejected)

seneschal of Imokilly, who had held Ballymartyr against Sidney in 1567, and Edmund Fitzgibbon, the son of the See also:

• WHITE
• WHITE, ANDREW DICKSON (1832– )
• WHITE, GILBERT (1720–1793)
• WHITE, HENRY KIRKE (1785-1806)
• WHITE, HUGH LAWSON (1773-1840)
• WHITE, JOSEPH BLANCO (1775-1841)
• WHITE, RICHARD GRANT (1822-1885)
• WHITE, ROBERT (1645-1704)
• WHITE, SIR GEORGE STUART (1835– )
• WHITE, SIR THOMAS (1492-1567)
• WHITE, SIR WILLIAM ARTHUR (1824--1891)
• WHITE, SIR WILLIAM HENRY (1845– )
• WHITE, THOMAS (1628-1698)
• WHITE, THOMAS (c. 1550-1624)

White See also:

• KNIGHT, CHARLES (1791-1873)
• KNIGHT, DANIEL RIDGWAY (1845– )
• KNIGHT, JOHN BUXTON (1843–1908)

Knight who had been attainted in 1571 . He intrigued at the See also:

• FRENCH
• FRENCH, DANIEL CHESTER (1850– )
• FRENCH, NICHOLAS (1604-1678)

French and See also:

• SPANISH

Spanish courts for a foreign invasion of Ireland, and at See also:

• ROME
• ROME (Roma)

Rome met the adventurer See also:

• STUCLEY (OR STUKELY), THOMAS (c. 1525-1578)

Stucley, with whom he projected an expedition which was to make a See also:

• NEPHEW

nephew of See also:

• GREGORY
• GREGORY (Gregorius)
• GREGORY (Grigorii) GRIGORIEVICH ORLOV, COUNT (1734-1783)
• GREGORY, EDWARD JOHN (1850-19o9)
• GREGORY, OLINTHUS GILBERT (1774—1841)
• GREGORY, ST (c. 213-C. 270)
• GREGORY, ST, OF NAZIANZUS (329–389)
• GREGORY, ST, OF NYSSA (c.331—c. 396)
• GREGORY, ST, OF TOURS (538-594)

Gregory XIII. king of Ireland . In 1579 he landed in Smerwick See also:

• BAY

Bay, where he was joined later by some Spanish soldiers at the Fort del Ore . His See also:

• SHIPS

ships were captured on the 29th of July and he himself was slain in a skirmish while on his way to See also:

• TIPPERARY

Tipperary . See also:

• NICHOLAS
• NICHOLAS (1841– )
• NICHOLAS (or NICLAES), HENRY (or HENDRIK) (c. 1501-C. 158o)
• NICHOLAS, SIR EDWARD (1593-1669)
• NICHOLAS, ST

Nicholas See also:

• SANDERS, DANIEL (1819-1896)
• SANDERS, NICHOLAS (c. 1530-1581)

Sanders, the papal See also:

• LEGATE (Lat. legatus, past part. of legare, to send as deputy)
• LEGATE, BARTHOLOMEW (c. 1575-1612)

legate who had accompanied Fitzmaurice, worked on Desmond's weakness, and sought to draw him into open rebellion . Desmond had perhaps been restrained before by See also:

• JEALOUSY (adapted from Fr. jalousie, formed from jaloux, jealous, Low Lat. zelosus, Gr. j'i os, ardour, zeal, from the root seen in '&u', to boil, ferment; cf. " yeast ")

jealousy of Fitzmaurice; his indecisions ceased when on the 1st of November Sir William .

See also:

• PELHAM
• PELHAM, HENRY (1696-1754)
• PELHAM, HENRY FRANCIS (1846-1907)

Pelham proclaimed him a traitor . The See also:

• SACK

sack of See also:

• YOUGHAL (pronounced Yawl)

Youghal and See also:

• KINSALE

Kinsale by the Geraldines was speedily followed by the successes of Ormonde and Pelham acting in See also:

• CONCERT (through the French from Lat. con-, with, and certare, to strive)

concert with See also:

• ADMIRAL

Admiral Winter_ In See also:

• JUNE

June 1581 Desmond had to take to the See also:

• WOODS, LEONARD (1774-1854)
• WOODS, SIR ALBERT (1816-1904)

woods, but he maintained a considerable following for some time, which, however, in June 1583, when Ormonde set a See also:

• PRICE
• PRICE, BARTHOLOMEW (1818–1898)
• PRICE, BONAMY (1807-1888)
• PRICE, RICHARD (1723-1791)

price on his head; was reduced to four persons . Five months later, on the 11th of November, he was seized and murdered by a small party of soldiers . His brother Sir John of Desmond had been caught and killed in See also:

• DECEMBER (Lat. decent, ten)

December 1581, and the seneschal of Imokilly had surrendered on the 14th of June 1583 . After his submission the seneschal acted loyally, but his lands excited envy; he was arrested in 1587, and died in Dublin Castle two days later . By his second marriage with Eleanor Butler, the 15th earl See also:

• LEFT

left two sons, the See also:

• ELDER (0. Eng. ellarn; Ger. Holunder; Fr. sureau)
• ELDER (Gr. 1rpev(3iTepos)

elder of whom, James, 16th earl (1570-1601), spent most of his See also:

• LIFE

life in See also:

• PRISON (derived through the Fr. from the Lat. prehensio, seizure)

prison . After an unsuccessful See also:

• ATTEMPT (Lat. adtemptare, attentare, to try)

attempt in 1600-1601 to recover his See also:

• INHERITANCE

inheritance he returned to England, where he died, the title becoming See also:

• EXTINCT

extinct . See G . E . C(okayne,) See also:

• COMPLETE

Complete See also:

• PEERAGE
• PEERAGE (Fr. pairage, med. Lat. paragium; M.E. Pere, 0. Fr. per, peer, later pair; Lat. Paris, " equal ")

Peerage; R . Bagwell, Ireland under the Tudors (1885—189o); See also:

• ANNALS (Annales, from annus, a year)

Annals of Ireland by the Four Masters (ed . J .

O'See also:

• DONOVAN, EDWARD (1768–1837)

Donovan, 1851); and the See also:

• ARTICLE (from Lat. articulus, a joint)

article FITZGERALD .