See also:

• HUGH
• HUGH, ST

HUGH LE See also:

• HUGH LE DESPENSER (1262-1326)
• DESPENSER, HUGH LE (d. 1265)

DESPENSER (1262-1326)  , See also:

• ENGLISH

English courtier, was a son of the English See also:

• JUSTICIAR (med. Lat. justiciarius or justitiarius, a judge)

justiciar who died at See also:

• EVESHAM

Evesham . He fought for See also:

• EDWARD

Edward I. in See also:

• WALES (Cymru, Gwalia, Cambria)

Wales, See also:

• FRANCE
• FRANCE, ANATOLE (1844– )

France and See also:

• SCOTLAND
• SCOTLAND, CHURCH OF
• SCOTLAND, EPISCOPAL CHURCH OF

Scotland, and in 1295 was summoned to See also:

• PARLIAMENT (Anglo-Lat. parliamentum, Fr. parlement, from parler, to speak)

parliament as a See also:

• BARON
• BARON (1835-1895)
• BARON, MICHEL (1653—1729)

baron . Ten years later he was sent by the See also:

• KING
• KING (O. Eng. cyning, abbreviated into cyng, cing; cf. O. H. G. chun- kuning, chun- kunig, M.H.G. kiinic, kiinec, kiinc, Mod. Ger. Konig, O. Norse konungr, kongr, Swed. konung, kung)
• KING [OF OCKHAM], PETER KING, 1ST BARON (1669-1734)
• KING, CHARLES WILLIAM (1818-1888)
• KING, CLARENCE (1842–1901)
• KING, EDWARD (1612–1637)
• KING, EDWARD (1829–1910)
• KING, HENRY (1591-1669)
• KING, RUFUS (1755–1827)
• KING, THOMAS (1730–1805)
• KING, WILLIAM (1650-1729)
• KING, WILLIAM (1663–1712)

king to See also:

• POPE (Gr. irarraas, post-classical Lat. papa, father)
• POPE, ALEXANDER (1688–1744)
• POPE, ALEXANDER (1763-1835)
• POPE, JANE (1742-1818)
• POPE, JOHN (1822-1892)
• POPE, SIR THOMAS (c. 1507-1559)

Pope See also:

• CLEMENT (Lat. Clemens, i.e. merciful; Gr. K)4gs)
• CLEMENT, FRANCOIS (1714-1793)
• CLEMENT, JACQUES (1567-1589)

Clement V. to secure Edward's See also:

• RELEASE (O.Fr. reles, variant of relais, from relaisser, to release, let go, Lat. relaxare)

release from the oaths he had taken to observe the charters in 1297 . Almost alone See also:

• HUGH
• HUGH, ST

Hugh spoke out for Edward II.'s favourite, Piers See also:

• GAVESTON, PIERS (d. 1312)

Gaveston, in 1308; but after Gaveston's See also:

• DEATH

death in 1312 he himself became the king's See also:

• CHIEF (from Fr. chef, head, Lat. caput)

chief adviser, holding See also:

• POWER [WILLIAM GRATTAN] TYRONE (1797-1841)

power and See also:

• INFLUENCE (Late Lat. influentia, from influere, to flow in)

influence until Edward's defeat at See also:

• BANNOCKBURN

Bannockburn in 1314 . Then, hated by the barons, and especially by See also:

• EARL

Earl See also:

• THOMAS
• THOMAS (c. 1654-1720)
• THOMAS (d. 110o)
• THOMAS, ARTHUR GORING (1850-1892)
• THOMAS, CHARLES LOUIS AMBROISE (1811-1896)
• THOMAS, GEORGE (c. 1756-1802)
• THOMAS, GEORGE HENRY (1816-187o)
• THOMAS, ISAIAH (1749-1831)
• THOMAS, PIERRE (1634-1698)
• THOMAS, SIDNEY GILCHRIST (1850-1885)
• THOMAS, ST
• THOMAS, THEODORE (1835-1905)
• THOMAS, WILLIAM (d. 1554)

Thomas of See also:

• LANCASTER
• LANCASTER, HOUSE OF
• LANCASTER, JOHN OF GAUNT
• LANCASTER, JOSEPH (1778-1838)
• LANCASTER, SIR JAMES (f1. 1591—1618)
• LANCASTER, THOMAS, EARL OF (c. 1277-1322)

Lancaster, as a deserter from their party, he was driven from the See also:

• COUNCIL (Lat. concilium, from cum, together, and the root cal, to call)

council, but was quickly restored to favour and loaded with lands and honours, being made earl of See also:

• WINCHESTER
• WINCHESTER, EARLS AND MARQUESSES OF

Winchester in 1322 . Before this See also:

• TIME (0. Eng. Lima, cf. Icel. timi, Swed. timme, hour, Dan. time; from the root also seen in " tide," properly the time of between the flow and ebb of the sea, cf. O. Eng. getidan, to happen, " even-tide," &c.; it is not directly related to Lat. tempus)
• TIME, MEASUREMENT OF
• TIME, STANDARD

time Hugh's son, the younger Hugh le See also:

• DESPENSER, HUGH LE (1262-1326)
• DESPENSER, HUGH LE (d. 1265)

Despenser, had become associated with his See also:

• FATHER

father, and having been appointed the king's See also:

• CHAMBERLAIN (0. Fr. chamberlain, chamberlenc, Mod. Fr. chambellan, from O. H. Ger. Chamarling, Chamarlinc, whence also the Med. Lat. cambellanus, camerlingus, camerlengus; Ital. camerlingo; Span. camerlengo, compounded of 0. H. Ger. Chamara, Kamara [Lat.
• CHAMBERLAIN, JOSEPH (1836— )
• CHAMBERLAIN, JOSHUA LAWRENCE (1828– )
• CHAMBERLAIN, SIR NEVILLE BOWLES (1820-1902)

chamberlain was enjoying a still larger See also:

• SHARE (O. Eng. scearu, chiefly in compounds, e.g. land-scearu, a share of land, from sceran to cut; cf. " shear" )

share of the royal favour . About 1306 this baron had married Eleanor (d . 1337), one of the sisters and heiresses of See also:

• GILBERT
• GILBERT (KINGSMILL) ISLANDS
• GILBERT (or GYLBERDE), WILLIAM (1544-1603)
• GILBERT, ALFRED (1854– )
• GILBERT, ANN (1821-1904)
• GILBERT, GROVE KARL (1843– )
• GILBERT, J
• GILBERT, JOHN (1810-1889)
• GILBERT, MARIE DOLORES ELIZA ROSANNA [" LOLA MONTEZ "] (1818-1861)
• GILBERT, NICOLAS JOSEPH LAURENT (1751–1780)
• GILBERT, SIR HUMPHREY (c. 1539-1583)
• GILBERT, SIR JOSEPH HENRY (1817-1901)
• GILBERT, SIR WILLIAM SCHWENK (1836– )

Gilbert de See also:

• CLARE
• CLARE, JOHN (1793-1864)
• CLARE, JOHN FITZGIBBON, 1ST EARL OF (1749-1802)

Clare, earl of See also:

• GLOUCESTER
• GLOUCESTER (abbreviated as pronounced Glo'ster)
• GLOUCESTER, EARLS AND DUKES OF
• GLOUCESTER, GILBERT DE CLARE, EARL OF (1243-1295)
• GLOUCESTER, RICHARD DE CLARE, EARL OF (1222-1262)
• GLOUCESTER, ROBERT, EARL OF (d. 1147)
• GLOUCESTER, THOMAS OF WOODSTOCK, DUKE

Gloucester, who was slain at Bannockburn; and after a See also:

• DIVISION (from Lat. dividere, to break up into parts, separate)

division of the immense Clare lands had been made in 1317 violent quarrels See also:

• BROKE, or BROOKE, ARTHUR (d. 1563)
• BROKE, SIR PHILIP BOWES VERE, BART

broke out between the Despensers and the husbands of the other heiresses, See also:

• ROGER (d. 1139)
• ROGER (d. 1181)

Roger of See also:

• AMORY, THOMAS (c. 1691-1788)

Amory and Hugh of See also:

• AUDLEY, or AUDELEY, SIR JAMES (c. 1316-1386)
• AUDLEY, THOMAS AUDLEY, BARON (c. 1488-1544)

Audley . Interwoven with this dispute was another between the younger Despenser and the Mowbrays, who were supported by See also:

• HUMPHREY (or HUMFREY), LAWRENCE (1527?-1590)

Humphrey See also:

• BOHUN

Bohun, earl of See also:

• HEREFORD

Hereford, about some lands in See also:

• GLAMORGANSHIRE (Welsh Morganwg)

Glamorganshire . Fighting having begun in Wales and on the Welsh See also:

• BORDERS, THE

borders, the English barons showed themselves decidedly hostile to the Despensers, and in 1321 Edward II. was obliged to consent to their banishment . While the See also:

• ELDER (0. Eng. ellarn; Ger. Holunder; Fr. sureau)
• ELDER (Gr. 1rpev(3iTepos)

elder Hugh See also:

• LEFT

left See also:

• ENGLAND
• ENGLAND, THE CHURCH OF

England the younger one remained; soon the king persuaded the See also:

• CLERGY (M.E. clergie, O. Fr. clergie, from Low Lat. form clericia [Skean, by assimilation with O. Fr. clergie, Fr. clerge,from Low Lat. clericatus)
• CLERGY, BENEFIT OF

clergy to annul the See also:

• SENTENCE (Lat. sententia, a way of thinking, opinion, judgment; vote, sentire, to feel, think)

sentence against them, and father and son were again at See also:

• COURT
• COURT (from the O. Fr. court, Late Lat. cortis, curtis, a popular form of class. Lat. cohors, gen. cohortis; the mod. Fr. form tour is due to the influence of the Lat. curia, the word used in medieval documents to translate " court " in the feudal sense)
• COURT, ANTOINE (1696-176o)

court . They fought against the rebellious barons at See also:

• BOROUGHBRIDGE

Boroughbridge, and after Lancaster's death in 1322 they were practically responsible for the See also:

• GOVERNMENT
• GOVERNMENT (0. Fr. governement, mod. gouvernement, O. Fr. governer, mod. gouverner, from Lat. gubernare, to steer a ship, guide, rule; cf. Gr. xv(3epvav)

government of the See also:

• COUNTRY (from the Mid. Eng. contre or contrie, and O. Fr. cuntree; Late Lat. contrata, showing the derivation from contra, opposite, over against, thus the tract of land which fronts the sight, cf. Ger. Gegend, neighbourhood)

country, which they attempted to See also:

• RULE

rule in a moderate and constitutional See also:

• FASHION (adapted from Fr. facon, agon, Lat. factio, making, facere, to do or make)

fashion .

But their next enemy, See also:

• QUEEN
• QUEEN (O.E. cwen, wife, related to "quean," O.E. cwene, a hussy; cf. Gr. yvvi7: from root gan-, to produce; cf. genus, " kin," &c.)

Queen See also:

• ISABELLA (1451-15o4)
• ISABELLA, ISABEAU

Isabella, was more formidable, or more fortunate, than Lancaster . Returning to England after a sojourn in France in 1326 the queen directed her arms against her See also:

• HUSBAND

husband's favourites . The elder Despenser was seized at See also:

• BRISTOL
• BRISTOL, EARLS AND MARQUESSES OF
• BRISTOL, GEORGE DIGBY, 2ND EARL OF1 (1612-1677)
• BRISTOL, JOHN DIGBY, 1ST EARL OF 6 (1580-1653)

Bristol, where he was hanged on the 27th of See also:

• OCTOBER

October 1326, and the younger was taken with the king at See also:

• LLANTRISANT

Llantrisant and hanged at Hereford on the 24th of See also:

• NOVEMBER (Lat. novem, nine)

November following . The See also:

• ATTAINDER (from the O. Fr. ataindre, ateindre, to attain, i.e. to strike, accuse, condemn; Lat. attingere, tangere, to touch; the meaning has been greatly affected by the confusion with Fr. taindre, teindre, to taint, stain, Lat. tingere, to dye)

attainder against the Despensers was reversed in 1398 . The intense hatred with which the barons regarded the Despensers was due to the enormous See also:

• WEALTH

wealth which had passed into their hands, and to the arrogance and rapacity of the younger Hugh . The younger Despenser left two sons, Hugh (1308—1349), and Edward, who was killed at See also:

• VANNES

Vannes in 1342 . The latter's son EDWARD LE DESPENSER (d . 1375) fought at the See also:

• BATTLE

battle of See also:

• POITIERS

Poitiers, and then in See also:

• ITALY
• ITALY (Italia)

Italy for Pope See also:

• URBAN
• URBAN (Urbanus)

Urban V.; he was a See also:

• PATRON

patron of See also:

• FROISSART, JEAN (1338-1410?)

Froissart, who calls him le See also:

• GRAND

grand sire Despensier . His son, THOMAS LE DESPENSER (1373—1400), the husband of See also:

• CONSTANCE
• CONSTANCE (Ger. Konstanz or Costnitz)
• CONSTANCE, COUNCIL OF
• CONSTANCE, LAKE OF (called by the Romans Lacus Brigantinus or lake of Bregenz, and now usually named in German Bodensee, as well as the " Swabian Sea ")

Constance (d . 1416), daughter of See also:

• EDMUND
• EDMUND, or EADMUND (c. 980-1016)
• EDMUND, SAINT [EDMUND RICE] (d. 1240)

Edmund of See also:

• LANGLEY, SAMUEL PIERPONT (1834-1906)

Langley, See also:

• DUKE (corresponding to Fr. duc, Ital. duca, Ger. Herzog)

duke of See also:

• YORK
• YORK (HOUSE OF)
• YORK, EDMUND OF LANGLEY, DUKE OF (1341-1402)
• YORK, EDWARD
• YORK, FREDERICK AUGUSTUS, DUKE OF (1763-1827)
• YORK, RICHARD, DUKE

York, supported See also:

• RICHARD
• RICHARD (d. 1184)
• RICHARD, FRANCOIS MARIE BENJAMIN (18,9-1908)
• RICHARD, HENRY (1812-1888)
• RICHARD, ST

Richard II. against Thomas of See also:

• WOODSTOCK

Woodstock, duke of Gloucester, and the other lords appellant in 1397, when he himself was created earl of Gloucester, but he deserted the king in 1399 . Then, degraded from his earldom for participating in Gloucester's death, Despenser joined the See also:

• CONSPIRACY (from Lat. conspirare, literally to breathe together, to agree, combine, and especially to form a secret plot)

conspiracy against See also:

• HENRY
• HENRY (1129-1195)
• HENRY (c. 1108-1139)
• HENRY (c. 1174–1216)
• HENRY (Fr. Henri; Span. Enrique; Ger. Heinrich; Mid. H. Ger. Heinrich and Heimrich; O.H.G. Haimi- or Heimirih, i.e. " prince, or chief of the house," from O.H.G. heim, the Eng. home, and rih, Goth. reiks; compare Lat. rex " king "—" rich," therefore " mig
• HENRY, EDWARD LAMSON (1841– )
• HENRY, JAMES (1798-1876)
• HENRY, JOSEPH (1797-1878)
• HENRY, MATTHEW (1662-1714)
• HENRY, PATRICK (1736–1799)
• HENRY, PRINCE OF BATTENBERG (1858-1896)
• HENRY, ROBERT (1718-1790)
• HENRY, VICTOR (1850– )
• HENRY, WILLIAM (1795-1836)

Henry IV., but he was seized and was executed by a See also:

• MOB

mob at Bristol in See also:

• JANUARY

January 1400 . The elder Edward le Despenser left another son, HENRY (c .

1341—1406), who became See also:

• BISHOP (A.S. bisceop, from Lat. episcopus, Gr. irio-Korros, " overlooker " or " overseer ")
• BISHOP, ISABELLA (1832-1904)
• BISHOP, SIR HENRY ROWLEY (1786-1855)

bishop of See also:

• NORWICH
• NORWICH, GEORGE GORING, EARL OF (1583?-1663)

Norwich in 1370 . In See also:

• EARLY
• EARLY, JUBAL ANDERSON (1816-1894)

early See also:

• LIFE

life Henry had been a soldier, and when the peasants revolted in 1381 he took readily to the See also:

• FIELD (a word common to many West German languages, cf. Ger. Feld, Dutch veld, possibly cognate with O.E. f olde, the earth, and ultimately with root of the Gr. irAaror, broad)
• FIELD, CYRUS WEST (1819-1892)
• FIELD, DAVID DUDLEY (18o5-1894)
• FIELD, EUGENE (1850-1895)
• FIELD, FREDERICK (18o1—1885)
• FIELD, HENRY MARTYN (1822-1907)
• FIELD, JOHN (1782—1837)
• FIELD, MARSHALL (183 1906)
• FIELD, NATHAN (1587—1633)
• FIELD, STEPHEN JOHNSON (1816-1899)
• FIELD, WILLIAM VENTRIS FIELD, BARON (1813-1907)

field, defeated the insurgents at See also:

• NORTH
• NORTH, BARONS
• NORTH, MARIANNE (1830—1890)
• NORTH, ROGER (1653-1734)
• NORTH, SIR THOMAS (1535?-16o1?)

North Walsham, and suppressed the rising in See also:

• NORFOLK
• NORFOLK, EARLS AND DUKES OF

Norfolk with some severity . More famous, however, was the militant bishop's enterprise on behalf of Pope Urban VI., who in 1382 employed him to See also:

• LEAD
• LEAD (pronounced iced)

lead a crusade in See also:

• FLANDERS (Flem. Vlaanderen)

Flanders against the supporters of the See also:

• ANTI, or CAMPA

anti-pope Clement VII . He was very successful in capturing towns until he came before See also:

• YPRES (Flemish Yperen)

Ypres, where he was checked, his humiliation being completed when his See also:

• ARMY
• ARMY (from Fr. armee, Lat. armata)

army was defeated by the See also:

• FRENCH
• FRENCH, DANIEL CHESTER (1850– )
• FRENCH, NICHOLAS (1604-1678)

French and decimated by a pestilence . Having returned to England the bishop was impeached in parliament and was deprived of his lands; Richard II., however, stood by him, and he soon regained an influential See also:

• PLACE (through Fr. from Lat. platea, street; Gr. IrAar6s, wide)

place in the royal council, and was employed to defend his country on the seas . Almost alone among his peers Henry remained true to Richard in 1399; he was then imprisoned, but was quickly released and reconciled with the new king, Henry IV . He died on the 23rd of See also:

• AUGUST (originally Sextilis)

August 1406 . Despenser was an active enemy of the See also:

• LOLLARDS

Lollards, whose See also:

• LEADER, BENJAMIN WILLIAMS (1831– )

leader, See also:

• JOHN
• JOHN (1167–1216)
• JOHN (1290-c. 1320)
• JOHN (1296-1346)
• JOHN (1371–1419)
• JOHN (1468-1532)
• JOHN (1801-1873)
• JOHN (Heb. llni')
• JOHN (ZAPOLYA) (1487-1540)
• JOHN, 4TH MARQUESS OF TWEEDDALE (c. 1695-1762)
• JOHN, DON (1545-1578)
• JOHN, DON (1629–1679)
• JOHN, GOSPEL OF ST
• JOHN, or HAYS (1513–1571)
• JOHN, THE APOSTLE
• JOHN, THE EPISTLES OF

John Wycliffe, had fiercely denounced his crusade in Flanders . The See also:

• BARONY

barony of Despenser, called out of See also:

• ABEYANCE (O. Fr. abeance, " gaping")

abeyance in 1604, was held by the Fanes, earls of See also:

• WESTMORLAND
• WESTMORLAND, EARLS OF

Westmorland, from 1626 to 1762; by the notorious See also:

• SIR

Sir See also:

• FRANCIS
• FRANCIS (FRarrcols) OF SALES, ST (1567-1622)
• FRANCIS (Lat. Franciscus, Ital. Francesco, Span. Francisco, Fr. Francois, Ger. Franz)
• FRANCIS, SIR PHILIP (174o-1818)

Francis Dashwood from 1763 to 1781; and by the Stapletons from 1788 to 1891 . In 1891 it was inherited, through his See also:

• MOTHER

mother, by the 7th See also:

• VISCOUNT (through O. Fr. viscomte, mod. vicomte, from Low Lat. vice-comes, cf. Portug. visconde, Ital. visconte)

Viscount See also:

• FALMOUTH

Falmouth .