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DIE (Fr. de, from Lat. datum, given)

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Originally appearing in Volume V08, Page 209 of the 1911 Encyclopedia Britannica.
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DIE (Fr. de, from
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Lat. datum, given)
  , a word used in various senses, for a small cube of ivory, &c . (see DicE), for the engraved stamps used in coining
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money, &c., and various
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mechanical appliances in
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engineering . In architecture a " die " is the
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term used for the square
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base of a column, and it is applied also to the vertical face of a pedestal or podium . The fabrics known as " dice " take their name from the rectangular form of the figure . The
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original figures would probably be perfectly square, but to-day the same principle of
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weaving is applied, and the name dice is given to all figures of rectangular form . The different effects in the adjacent squares or rectangles are due to precisely the same reasons as those explained in connexion with the ground and the figure of damasks . The same weaves are used in both damasks and dices, but simpler weaves are generally employed for the commoner classes of the latter . The effect is, in every case, obtained by what are technic-ally called warp and weft float weaves . The
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illustration B shows the two double
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damask weaves arranged to form a dice pat-tern, while A shows a similar
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pattern made from two four-thread twill weaves . C and D represent respectively the disposition of the threads in A and B with the first pick, and the solid marks represent the floats of warp . The four squares, which are almost as pronounced in the
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cloth as those of a
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chess-board, may be made of any
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size by repeating each weave for the amount of
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surface required . It is only in the finest cloths that the double damask weaves B are used for dice patterns, the single damask weaves and the twill weaves being employed to a greater extent .

This class of pattern is largely employed for the

production of table-cloths of
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lower and
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medium qualities . The term damask is also often applied to cloths of this character, and especially so when the figure is formed by rectangles of different sizes .

End of Article: DIE (Fr. de, from Lat. datum, given)
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HANS KARL FRIEDRICH ANTON DIEBITSCH

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