CHRISTIAN

See also:

• FRIEDRICH, JOHANN (1836— )

FRIEDRICH

See also:

• AUGUST (originally Sextilis)

AUGUST

See also:

• CHRISTIAN FRIEDRICH AUGUST DILLMANN (1823-1894)

DILLMANN (1823-1894)  , German orientalist and biblical scholar, the son of a Wurttemberg schoolmaster, was born at Illingen on the 25th of April 1823 . He was educated at Tubingen, where he became a pupil and friend of Heinrich Ewald, and studied under F . C . Baur, though he did not join the new Tubingen school . For a short time he worked as pastor at Gersheim, near his native place, but he soon came to feel that his studies demanded his whole time . He devoted him-self to the study of Ethiopic MSS. in the libraries of Paris, London and Oxford, and this work caused a revival of Ethiopic study in the 19th century . In 1847 and 1848 he prepared catalogues of the Ethiopic MSS. in the British Museum and the Bodleian library at Oxford . He then set to work upon an edition of the Ethiopic bible . Returning to Tubingen in 1848, in 1853 he was appointed professor extraordinarius . Subsequently he became Dill (A nethum or Peucedanum graveolens), leaf and inflorescence . professor of philosophy at Kiel (1854), and of theology at Giessen (1864) and Berlin (1869) . He died on the 4th of July 1894 .

In 1851 he had published the

Book of Enoch in Ethiopian (German, 1853), and at Kiel he completed the first part of the Ethiopic bible, Octateuchus Aethiopicus (1853–1855) . In 1857 appeared his Grammatik der athiopischen Sprache (2nd ed. by C . Bezold, 1899); in 1859 the Book of Jubilees; in 1861 and 1871 another part of the Ethiopic bible, Libri Regum ; in 1865 his great Lexicon linguae aethiopicae; in 1866 his Chrestomathia aethiopica . Always a theologian at heart, however, he returned to theology in 1864 . His Giessen lectures were published under the titles, Ursprung der alttestamentlichen Religion (1865) and Die Prophet en des alien Bundes mach ihrer politischen Wirksamkeit (1868) . In 1869 appeared his Commentarzum Hiob (4th ed . 1891) which stamped him as one of the foremost Old Testament exegetes . His renown as a theologian, however, was mainly founded by the series of commentaries, based on those of August Wilhelm Knobels' Genesis (Leipzig, 1895; 6th ed . 1892; Eng. trans. by W . B . Stevenson, Edinburgh, 1897); Exodus and Leviticus, 188o, revised edition by V . Ryssel, 1897; Numeri, Deuteronomium and Josua, with a dissertation on the origin of the Hexateuch, 1886; Jesaja, 1890 (revised edition by Rudolf Kittel in 1898) .

In 1877 he published the

Ascension of Isaiah in Ethiopian and Latin . He, was also a contributor to D . Schenkel's Bibellexikon, Brockhaus's Conversationslexikon, and Herzog's Realencyklopadie . His lectures on Old Testament theology, Vorlesungen uber Theologie des Alien Testamentes, were published by Kittel in 1895 . See the articles in Herzog-Hauck, Realencyklopadie, and the Allgemeine deutsche Biographie; F . Lichtenberger, History of German Theology in the Nineteenth Century (1889); Wolf Baudissin, A . Dillmann (Leipzig, 1895) .