See also:

• DIOCESE (formed on Fr. diocese, in place of the Eng. form diocess—current until the 19th century—from Lat. dioecesis, med. Lat. variant diocesis, from Gr. Swucio•tc, " house-keeping," " administration," &miceas, " to keep house," " to govern ")

DIOCESE (formed on Fr. diocese, in See also:

• PLACE (through Fr. from Lat. platea, street; Gr. IrAar6s, wide)

place of the Eng. See also:

• FORM (Lat. forma)

form diocess—current until the 19th See also:

• CENTURY (from Lat. centuria, a division of a hundred men)

century—from See also:

• LAT

Lat. dioecesis, med. Lat. variant diocesis, from Gr. Swucio•tc, " See also:

• HOUSE
• HOUSE (O. Eng. hiss, a word common to Teutonic languages, cf. Dut. huis, Ger. Haus; in Gothic it is only found in gudhiss, a temple; it may be ultimately connected with the root of " hide," conceal)

house-keeping," " See also:

• ADMINISTRATION (Lat. administrare, to serve)

administration," &miceas, " to keep house," " to govern ")  , the See also:

• SPHERE (Gr. vclsa?pa, a ball or globe)

sphere of a See also:

• BISHOP (A.S. bisceop, from Lat. episcopus, Gr. irio-Korros, " overlooker " or " overseer ")
• BISHOP, ISABELLA (1832-1904)
• BISHOP, SIR HENRY ROWLEY (1786-1855)

bishop's See also:

• JURISDICTION
• JURISDICTION, CRIMINAL LAW, DIVORCE

jurisdiction . In this, its See also:

• SOLE (Solea)

sole See also:

• MODERN

modern sense, the word See also:

• DIOCESE (formed on Fr. diocese, in place of the Eng. form diocess—current until the 19th century—from Lat. dioecesis, med. Lat. variant diocesis, from Gr. Swucio•tc, " house-keeping," " administration," &miceas, " to keep house," " to govern ")

diocese (dioecesis) has only been regularly used since the 9th See also:

• CENTURY (from Lat. centuria, a division of a hundred men)

century, though isola ted instances of such use occur so See also:

• EARLY
• EARLY, JUBAL ANDERSON (1816-1894)

early as the 3rd, what is now known as a diocese having been till then usually called a parochia (See also:

• PARISH (Gr. irapouda, district, neighbourhood; 7r&poucos, one dwelling near or beside, from crap&, OtKOS, house; Lat. paroecur, Late Lat. parochia; cf. Fr. paroisse)

parish) . The See also:

• GREEK
• GREEK, ETRUSCAN AND

Greek word &oL,cnois, from meaning " See also:

• ADMINISTRATION (Lat. administrare, to serve)

administration, came to be applied to the territorial circumscription in which ad-ministration was exercised . It was thus first applied e.g. to the three districts of Cibyra, See also:

• APAMEA

Apamea and Synnada, which were added to See also:

• CILICIA

Cilicia in See also:

• CICERO

Cicero's See also:

• TIME (0. Eng. Lima, cf. Icel. timi, Swed. timme, hour, Dan. time; from the root also seen in " tide," properly the time of between the flow and ebb of the sea, cf. O. Eng. getidan, to happen, " even-tide," &c.; it is not directly related to Lat. tempus)
• TIME, MEASUREMENT OF
• TIME, STANDARD

time (between 56 and 5o B.C.) . The word is here See also:

• EQUIVALENT

equivalent to " See also:

• ASSIZE

assize-districts " (See also:

• TYRRELL, GEORGE (1861-1909)
• TYRRELL, SIR JAMES (d. 1502)

Tyrrell and See also:

• PURSER

Purser's edition of Cicero Epist. ad fam. iii . 8 . 4; xiii . 67; cf . See also:

• STRABO (born c. 63 n.c.)

Strabo xiii . 628-629) . But in the reorganization of the See also:

• EMPIRE

empire, begun by See also:

• DIOCLETIAN (GAIUs AURELIUS VALERIUS DIOCLETIANUS) (A.D. 245–313)
• DIOCLETIAN, EDICT OF (De Pretiis rerum venalium)

Diocletian and completed by See also:

• CONSTANTINE

Constantine, the word " diocese" acquired a more important meaning, the empire being divided into twelve dioceses, of which the largest—Oriens—embraced sixteen provinces, and the smallest—See also:

• BRITAIN (Gr. Hperavuml vi7vot, Bperravia; Lat. Britannia, rarely Britannia)

Britain—four (see RoaIE: See also:

• ANCIENT
• ANCIENT (also spelt ANTIENT; derived, through the Fr. ancien, old, from the late Lat. antianum, from ante, before)

Ancient See also:

• HISTORY

History; and W . T .

See also:

• ARNOLD
• ARNOLD, BENEDICT (1741-1801)
• ARNOLD, GOTTFRIED (1666-1714)
• ARNOLD, MATTHEW (1822-1888)
• ARNOLD, SAMUEL (1740--18o2)
• ARNOLD, SIR EDWIN (1832-1904)
• ARNOLD, THOMAS (1745-1842)

Arnold, See also:

• ROMAN

Roman Provincial Administration, pp . 187, 194-196, which gives a See also:

• LIST (O.E. lisle, a Teutonic word, cf. Dut. lust, Ger. Leiste, adapted in Ital. lista and Fr. lisle)
• LIST, FRIEDRICH (1789-1846)

list of the dioceses and their subdivisions) . The organization of the See also:

• CHRISTIAN
• CHRISTIAN, WILLIAM (1608-1663)

Christian See also:

• CHURCH
• CHURCH (according to most authorities derived from the Gr. Kvpcaxov [&wµa], " the Lord's [house]," and common to many Teutonic, Slavonic and other languages under various forms—Scottish kirk, Ger. Kirche, Swed. kirka, Dan. kirke, Russ. tserkov, Buig. cerk
• CHURCH, FREDERICK EDWIN (1826-1900)
• CHURCH, GEORGE EARL (1835–1910)
• CHURCH, RICHARD WILLIAM (1815–189o)
• CHURCH, SIR RICHARD (1784–1873)

church in the Roman empire following very closely the lines of the See also:

• CIVIL

civil administration (see CHURCH HISTORY), the word diocese, in its ecclesiastical sense, was at first applied to the sphere of jurisdiction, not of a bishop, but of a See also:

• METROPOLITAN (Lat. metropolitanus, Gr. µnrpoiroXtrns)

metropolitan.' Thus See also:

• ANASTASIUS

Anastasius Bibliothecarius (d. c . 886), in his See also:

• LIFE

life of See also:

• POPE (Gr. irarraas, post-classical Lat. papa, father)
• POPE, ALEXANDER (1688–1744)
• POPE, ALEXANDER (1763-1835)
• POPE, JANE (1742-1818)
• POPE, JOHN (1822-1892)
• POPE, SIR THOMAS (c. 1507-1559)

Pope See also:

• DIONYSIUS
• DIONYSIUS (c. 432–367 B.C.)

Dionysius, says that he assigned churches to the presbyters, and established dioceses (parochiae) and provinces (dioeceses) . The word, however, survived in its See also:

• GENERAL
• GENERAL (Lat. generalis, of or relating to a genus, kind or class)

general sense of " See also:

• OFFICE (from Lat. officium, " duty," " service," a shortened form of opifacium, from facere, " to do," and either the stem of opes, " wealth," " aid," or opus, " work ")

office " or " administration," and it was even used during the See also:

• MIDDLE

middle ages for " parish " (see Du Cange, Glossarium, s . " Dioecesis " 2) . The practice, under the Roman empire, of making the areas of ecclesiastical administration very exactly coincide with those of the civil administration, was continued in the organization of the church beyond the See also:

• BORDERS, THE

borders of the empire, and many dioceses to this See also:

• DAY (O. Eng. dreg, Ger. Tag; according to the New English Dictionary, " in no way related to the Lat. dies")
• DAY, JOHN (1574-1640?)
• DAY, THOMAS (1748-1789)

day preserve the limits of See also:

• LONG, GEORGE (1800-1879)
• LONG, JOHN DAVIS (1838– )

long vanished See also:

• POLITICAL

political divisions . The See also:

• PROCESS

process is well illustrated in the See also:

• CASE
• CASE, JOHN (d. 1600)

case of See also:

• ENGLISH

English bishoprics . But this practice was based on convenience, not principle; and ' For exceptions see See also:

• HINSCHIUS, PAUL (1835–1898)

Hinschius ii. p . 39, See also:

• NOTE
• NOTE (Lat. nota, mark, sign, from noscere, to know)

note T . the limits of the dioceses, once fixed. did not usually See also:

• CHANGE (derived through the Fr. from the Late Lat. cambium, cambiare, to barter; the ultimate derivation is probably from the root which appears in the Gr. «a urmu', to bend)

change with the changing political boundaries . Thus See also:

• HINCMAR (c. 805-882)

Hincmar, See also:

• ARCHBISHOP (Lat. archiepiscopus, from Gr. apxceatorcoros)

archbishop of See also:

• REIMS
• REIMS (RHEIMS)

Reims, complains that not only his metropolitanate (dioecesis) but his bishopric (parochia) is divided between two realms under two See also:

• KINGS, FIRST AND SECOND BOOKS OF

kings; and this inconvenient overlapping of jurisdictions remained, in fact, very See also:

• COMMON

common in See also:

• EUROPE

Europe until the readjustments of See also:

• NATIONAL

national boundaries by the territorial settlements of the 19th century .

In principle, however, the subdivision of a diocese, in the event of the See also:

• WORK

work becoming too heavy for one bishop, was very early admitted, e.g. by the first See also:

• COUNCIL (Lat. concilium, from cum, together, and the root cal, to call)

council at See also:

• LUGO

Lugo in See also:

• SPAIN
• SPAIN (Espana)

Spain (569), which erected Lugo into a metropolitanate, the consequent See also:

• DIVISION (from Lat. dividere, to break up into parts, separate)

division of diocese being confirmed by the See also:

• KING
• KING (O. Eng. cyning, abbreviated into cyng, cing; cf. O. H. G. chun- kuning, chun- kunig, M.H.G. kiinic, kiinec, kiinc, Mod. Ger. Konig, O. Norse konungr, kongr, Swed. konung, kung)
• KING [OF OCKHAM], PETER KING, 1ST BARON (1669-1734)
• KING, CHARLES WILLIAM (1818-1888)
• KING, CLARENCE (1842–1901)
• KING, EDWARD (1612–1637)
• KING, EDWARD (1829–1910)
• KING, HENRY (1591-1669)
• KING, RUFUS (1755–1827)
• KING, THOMAS (1730–1805)
• KING, WILLIAM (1650-1729)
• KING, WILLIAM (1663–1712)

king of the second council, held in 572 . Another See also:

• REASON (Lat. ratio, through French raison)

reason for dividing a diocese, and establishing a new see, has been recognized by the church as duly existing " if the See also:

• SOVEREIGN

sovereign should think See also:

• FIT

fit to endow some See also:

• PRINCIPAL

principal See also:

• VILLAGE

village or See also:

• TOWN

town with the See also:

• RANK (O.Fr. rant or rent, mod. rang, generally connected with the O.E. and O.H.G. bring, a ring)

rank and privileges of a See also:

• CITY (through Fr. cite, from Lat. civitas)

city " (See also:

• BINGHAM, JOSEPH (1668-1723)

Bingham, See also:

• LIB

lib. xvii. c . 5) . But there are canons for the See also:

• PUNISHMENT (from Lat. punire, to punish, from poena, punishment, Gr. 7rocvil)

punishment of such as might induce the sovereign so to erect any town into a city, solely with the view of becoming bishop thereof . Nor could any diocese be divided without the consent of the See also:

• PRIMATE (from Low Lat. primas=one who held the first place, primas partes)

primate . In See also:

• ENGLAND
• ENGLAND, THE CHURCH OF

England an See also:

• ACT (Lat. actus, actum)

act of See also:

• PARLIAMENT (Anglo-Lat. parliamentum, Fr. parlement, from parler, to speak)

parliament is necessary for the creation of new dioceses . In the reign of See also:

• HENRY
• HENRY (1129-1195)
• HENRY (c. 1108-1139)
• HENRY (c. 1174–1216)
• HENRY (Fr. Henri; Span. Enrique; Ger. Heinrich; Mid. H. Ger. Heinrich and Heimrich; O.H.G. Haimi- or Heimirih, i.e. " prince, or chief of the house," from O.H.G. heim, the Eng. home, and rih, Goth. reiks; compare Lat. rex " king "—" rich," therefore " mig
• HENRY, EDWARD LAMSON (1841– )
• HENRY, JAMES (1798-1876)
• HENRY, JOSEPH (1797-1878)
• HENRY, MATTHEW (1662-1714)
• HENRY, PATRICK (1736–1799)
• HENRY, PRINCE OF BATTENBERG (1858-1896)
• HENRY, ROBERT (1718-1790)
• HENRY, VICTOR (1850– )
• HENRY, WILLIAM (1795-1836)

Henry VIII. six new dioceses were thus created (under an act of 1539); but from that time onward until the 19th century they remained practically unchanged . The Ecclesiastical Commissioners Act 1836, which created two new dioceses (See also:

• RIPON
• RIPON, GEORGE FREDERICK SAMUEL ROBINSON, 1ST MARQUESS OF (1827-1909)

Ripon and See also:

• MANCHESTER
• MANCHESTER (popularly Manchester-by-the-Sea)
• MANCHESTER, EARLS AND DUKES OF

Manchester), remodelled the See also:

• STATE
• STATE, GREAT OFFICERS OF

state of the old dioceses by an entirely new See also:

• ADJUSTMENT (from late Lat. ad juxtare, derived from juxta, near, but early confounded with a supposed derivation from justus, right)

adjustment of the revenues and patronage of each see, and also extended or curtailed the parishes and counties in the various jurisdictions . By the ancient See also:

• CUSTOM (from O. Fr. costume, costume or coustume; Low Lat. costuma, a shortened form of consuetudo)

custom of the church the bishop takes his See also:

• TITLE (0. Fr. title, mod. titre, from Lat. titulus)

title, not from his diocese, but from his see, i.e. the See also:

• PLACE (through Fr. from Lat. platea, street; Gr. IrAar6s, wide)

place where his See also:

• CATHEDRAL

cathedral is established . Thus the old episcopal titles are all derived from cities . This tradition has been broken, however, by the modern practice of bishops in the See also:

• UNITED

United States and the See also:

• BRITISH

British colonies, e.g. archbishop of the See also:

• WEST
• WEST, BENJAMIN (1738-1820)
• WEST, NICHOLAS (1461-1533)

West Indies, bishop of See also:

• PENNSYLVANIA
• PENNSYLVANIA, UNIVERSITY OF

Pennsylvania, See also:

• WYOMING

Wyoming, &c . (see BISHOP) .

See Hinschius, Kirchenrecht, ii . 38, &c.; See also:

• JOSEPH
• JOSEPH, COMTE DE (1785-1870)
• JOSEPH, FATHER (FRANCOIS LECLERC DU TREMBLAY) (1577-1638)

Joseph Bingham, Origines ecclesiasticae, 9 vols . (184o) ; Du Cange, Glossarium, s . " Dioecesis "; New English See also:

• DICTIONARY

Dictionary (See also:

• OXFORD
• OXFORD, EARLS OF
• OXFORD, EDWARD DE VERE, 17TH EARL
• OXFORD, JOHN DE VERE, 13TH EARL OF (1443-1513)
• OXFORD, PROVISIONS OF
• OXFORD, ROBERT DE VERE, 9TH EARL OF (1362-1392)
• OXFORD, ROBERT HARLEY, 1ST

Oxford, 1897), s .