DIOGENES  , " the Cynic," See also:

• GREEK
• GREEK, ETRUSCAN AND

Greek philosopher, was See also:

• BORN, IGNAZ, EDLER VON (1742–1791)

born at See also:

• SINOPE

Sinope about 412 B.C., and died in 323 at See also:

• CORINTH
• CORINTH, ISTHMUS OF

Corinth, according to Diogenes Laertius, on the See also:

• DAY (O. Eng. dreg, Ger. Tag; according to the New English Dictionary, " in no way related to the Lat. dies")
• DAY, JOHN (1574-1640?)
• DAY, THOMAS (1748-1789)

day on which See also:

• ALEXANDER
• ALEXANDER (1461-1506)
• ALEXANDER (ALEXANDER OF BATTENBERG) (1857-1893)
• ALEXANDER (ALEXANDER OsxENOVici) (1876-1903)
• ALEXANDER, ARCHIBALD (1772—1851)
• ALEXANDER, FRANCIS (1800—1881)
• ALEXANDER, GEORGE (1858— )
• ALEXANDER, JOHN WHITE (1856- )
• ALEXANDER, JOSEPH ADDISON (18o9—186o)
• ALEXANDER, SIR JAMES EDWARD (1803—1885)
• ALEXANDER, WILLIAM (1824— )
• ALEXANDER, WILLIAM LINDSAY (1808—1884)

Alexander the See also:

• GREAT

Great died at See also:

• BABYLON (mod. Hillah)

Babylon . His See also:

• FATHER

father, Icesias, a See also:

• MONEY

money-changer, was imprisoned or exiled on the See also:

• CHARGE
• CHARGE (through the Fr. from the Late Lat. carricare, to load in a carrus or wagon; cf. " cargo ")

charge of adulterating the coinage . Diogenes was included in the charge, and went to See also:

• ATHENS
• ATHENS ['AN vat, Athenae, modem colloquial Greek `Ath va]

Athens with one attendant, whom he dismissed, saying, " If See also:

• MANES

Manes can live without Diogenes, why not Diogenes without Manes ? " Attracted by the ascetic teaching of See also:

• ANTISTHENES (c. 444–365 B.C.)

Antisthenes, be became his See also:

• PUPIL (Lat. pupillus, orphan, minor, dim. of pupus, boy, allied to puer, from root pm- or peu-, to beget, cf. "pupa," Lat. for " doll," the name given to the stage intervening between the larval and imaginal stages in certain insects)

pupil, despite the brutality with which he was received, and rapidly excelled his See also:

• MASTER (Lat. magister, related to tnagis, more, as the corresponding minister is to minus, less; the English form is due partly to the O. Eng. maegister, and partly to O. Fr. maistre, mod. maitre; cf. Du. meester, Ger. Meister, Ital. maestro)

master both in reputation and in the austerity of his See also:

• LIFE

life . The stories which are told of him are probably true; in any See also:

• CASE
• CASE, JOHN (d. 1600)

case, they serve to illustrate the logical consistency of his See also:

• CHARACTER (Gr. xapareri7p, from xap&crew, to scratch)

character . He inured himself to the vicissitudes of See also:

• WEATHER (O. Eng. weder; the word is common to Teutonic languages; cf. Du. weder, Dan. veir, Icel. ve8r, and Ger. Wetter and Gewitter, storm; the root is wa- to blow, from which is derived " wind ")

weather by living in a tub belonging to the See also:

• TEMPLE
• TEMPLE, FREDERICK (1821-1902)
• TEMPLE, RICHARD
• TEMPLE, SIR RICHARD, BART
• TEMPLE, SIR WILLIAM, BART

temple of See also:

• CYBELE, or CYBEBE (Gr. Ku/3X, Ku,(3i7sn)

Cybele . The single wooden bowl he possessed he destroyed on seeing a See also:

• PEASANT (O. Fr. paysant, Mod. paysan; Lat. pagensis, belonging to the pagus or country; cf. " pagan ")

peasant boy drink from the hollow of his hands . On a voyage to See also:

• AEGINA
• AEGINA (EGINA or ENGIA)

Aegina he was captured by pirates and sold as a slave in See also:

• CRETE (Gr. Kp;rrrr; Turk. Kirid, Ital. Candia)

Crete to a Corinthian named Xeniades . Being asked his See also:

• TRADE (O. Eng. trod, footstep, from tredan, to tread; in M. Eng. the forms teed, trod and trade appear, the last in the sense of a beaten track)
• TRADE, BOARD OF

trade, he replied that he knew no trade but that of governing men, and that he wished to be sold to a See also:

• MAN
• MAN, ISLE OF (anc. Mona)

man who needed a master . As See also:

• TUTOR (Lat. tutor, guardian, tueri, to watch over, protect)

tutor to the two sons of Xeniades, he lived in Corinth for the See also:

• REST (O. Eng. rest, reste, bed, cognate with other Teutonic forms, e.g. Ger. Rast, Riiste, rest, and probably Gothic Rasta, league, i.e. resting or stopping place)

rest of his life, which he devoted entirely to See also:

• PREACHING (Fr. preecher, from Lat. praedicare, to proclaim)

preaching the doctrines of virtuous self-See also:

• CONTROL (Fr. contrdle, older form contre rolle, from Med. Lat. contra-rotulus, a counter roll or copy of a document used to check the original; there is no instance in English of the use of " control " in this, its literal, meaning)

control . At the Isthmian See also:

• GAMES, CLASSICAL

games he lectured to large audiences who turned to him from Antisthenes . It was, probably, at one of these festivals that he craved from Alexander the single boon that he would not stand between him and the See also:

• SUN
• SUN (0. Eng. sonne, Ger. sonne. Fr. soleil, Lat. sol, Gr. ijXior, from which comes helio- in various English compounds)

sun, to which Alexander replied " If I were not Alexander, I would be Diogenes." On his See also:

• DEATH

death, about which there exist several accounts, the See also:

• CORINTHIANS

Corinthians erected to his memory a See also:

• PILLAR (0. Fr. piler, Mod. pilier, Late Lat. pilare, from pila, column)

pillar on which there rested a See also:

• DOG

dog of Parian See also:

• MARBLE (from Lat. marmor, Gr. pApµapos, shining stone)

marble .

His ethical teaching will be found in the See also:

• ARTICLE (from Lat. articulus, a joint)

article See also:

• CYNICS

CYNICS (q.v.) . It may suffice to say here that virtue, for him, consisted in the avoidance of all See also:

• PHYSICAL

physical See also:

• PLEASURE (through Fr. plaisir from Lat. placere, to please; Gr. rlbovii)

pleasure; that See also:

• PAIN (from Lat. poena, Gr. robin, penalty, that which must be paid: O. Fr. peine)
• PAIN, BARRY (1867– )

pain and See also:

• HUNGER

hunger were positively helpful in the pursuit of goodness; that all the artificial growths of society appeared to him incompatible with truth and goodness; that moralization implies a return to nature and simplicity . He has been credited with going to extremes of impropriety in pursuance of these ideas; probably, however, his reputation has suffered from the undoubted immorality of some of his successors . Both in See also:

• ANCIENT
• ANCIENT (also spelt ANTIENT; derived, through the Fr. ancien, old, from the late Lat. antianum, from ante, before)

ancient and in See also:

• MODERN

modern times, his See also:

• PERSONALITY (from Lat. persona, originally an actor's mask, from personare,1 to sound through)

personality has appealed strongly to sculptors and to painters . Ancient busts exist in the museums of the Vatican, the Louvre and the Capitol . The interview between Diogenes and Alexander is represented in an ancient marble bas-See also:

• RELIEF

relief found in the See also:

• VILLA

Villa See also:

• ALBANI
• ALBANI, or ALBANO, FRANCESCO

Albani . See also:

• RUBENS, PETER PAUL (1577-164o)

Rubens, See also:

• JORDAENS, JACOB (1593-1678)

Jordaens, See also:

• STEEN, JAN HAVICKSZ (1626-1.679)

Steen, See also:

• VAN

Van der Werff, Jeaurat, Salvator See also:

• ROSA, CARL AUGUST NICHOLAS (1843-1889)
• ROSA, MONTE
• ROSA, SALVATOR (1615-1673)

Rosa and Karel Dujardin have painted various episodes in his life . The See also:

• CHIEF (from Fr. chef, head, Lat. caput)

chief ancient authority for his life is Diogenes Laertius vi . 20; see also See also:

• MAYOR (Lat. major, greater)
• MAYOR, JOHN EYTON BICKERSTETH (1825– )

Mayor's notes on See also:

• JUVENAL (DECIMUS JUNIUS JUVENALIS) (c. 60-140)

Juvenal, Satires, xiv . 308-314; and article CYNICS .