DOOR (corresponding to the Gr. Bbpa,.

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• LAT

Lat. fores or valvae; the

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• ENGLISH

English word, with other forms

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• COMMON

common in allied

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• LANGUAGES

languages, comes from the same Indo-

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• EUROPEAN

European

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• STEM (O. Eng. staefn, stemn, cf. Du. stain, Ger. Stamm, &c., probably related to " staff ")

stem as the Gr. Obpa and Lat. fares)  , in architecture, the slab, flap or leaf forming the enclosure of a doorway (q.v.), either in wood, metal or stone . The earliest records are those represented in the paintings of the Egyptian tombs, in which they are shown as single or double doors, each in a single piece of wood . In Egypt, where the climate is intensely dry, there would be no fear of their warping, but in other countries it would be necessary to frame them, which according to Vitruvius (iv . 6.) was done with stiles (scapi) and rails (impages) : the spaces enclosed being filled with panels (tympana) let into grooves made in the stiles and rails . The stiles were the vertical boards, one of which, tenoned or hinged, is known as the hanging stile, the other as the middle or meeting stile . The horizontal cross pieces are the top rail, bottom rail, and middle or intermediate rails . The most ancient doors were in timber, those made for King Solomon's temple being in olive wood (1 Kings vi . 31-35), which were carved and overlaid with gold . The doors dwelt upon in Homer would appear to have been cased in silver or brass . Besides olive wood, elm, cedar, oak and cyprus were used . All ancient doors were hung by pivots at the top and bottom of the hanging stile which worked in sockets in the lintel and cill, the latter being always in some hard stone such as basalt or granite . Those found at Nippur by Dr Hilprecht, dating from 2000 B.c.. were in dolorite .

The tenons of 419 brilliancy to the not uncommon passages of

noble perspicacity . To the odd terminology of Donne's poetic philosophy Dryden gave the name of " metaphysics," and Johnson, borrowing the suggestion, invented the title of the " metaphysical school " to describe, not Donne only, but all the amorous and philosophical poets who succeeded him, and who employed a similarly fantastic language, and who affected odd figurative inversions . Izaak Walton's Life, first published in 164o, and entirely recast in 1659, has been constantly reprinted . The best edition of Donne's Poems was edited by E . K . Chambers in 1896 . His prose works have not been collected . In 1899 Edmund Gosse published in two volumes The Life and Letters of John Donne, for the first time revised and collected . (E .