See also:

• DROSHKY (Russ. drozhki, diminutive of drogi, a wagon)

DROSHKY (Russ. drozhki, diminutive of drogi, a See also:

• WAGON, or WAGGON

wagon)  , a See also:

• LIGHT

light four-wheeled uncovered See also:

• CARRIAGE

carriage used in See also:

• RUSSIA
• RUSSIA (Rossiya)

Russia . Properly it consists of two pairs of wheels joined by a See also:

• BOARD (O. Eng. bord)

board . This forms a seat for the passengers who sit sideways, while the See also:

• DRIVER, SAMUEL ROLLES (1846– )

driver sits astride in front . The word Droschke, however, is applied especially in See also:

• GERMANY
• GERMANY (Ger. Deutschland)

Germany to light carriages generally which ply for hire . DROSTE-HULSHWFF, ANNETI'E ELISABETH, FREIIN VON (1797-1848), See also:

• GERMAN
• GERMAN, DUTCH AND SCANDINAVIAN

German poet, was See also:

• BORN, IGNAZ, EDLER VON (1742–1791)

born at the See also:

• FAMILY

family seat of Hulshoff near See also:

• MUNSTER
• MUNSTER, SEBASTIAN (1489-1552)

Munster in See also:

• WESTPHALIA (Ger. Westfalen)
• WESTPHALIA, TREATY OF

Westphalia on the loth of See also:

• JANUARY

January 1797 . Her See also:

• EARLY
• EARLY, JUBAL ANDERSON (1816-1894)

early See also:

• MENTAL

mental training was largely influenced by her See also:

• COUSIN (Fr. cousin, Ital. cugino, Late Lat. cosinus, perhaps a popular and familiar abbreviation of consobrinus, which has the same sense in classical Latin)
• COUSIN, JEAN (1500-1590)
• COUSIN, VICTOR (1792–1867)

cousin, Clemens See also:

• AUGUST (originally Sextilis)

August, Freiherr von Droste zu Vischering, who, as See also:

• ARCHBISHOP (Lat. archiepiscopus, from Gr. apxceatorcoros)

archbishop of See also:

• COLOGNE (Ger. Koln, or officially, since 1900, Coln)

Cologne, became notorious for his extreme ultramontane views (see below) ; and she received a more liberal See also:

• EDUCATION

education than in those days ordinarily See also:

• FELL
• FELL, JOHN (1625-1686)

fell to a woman's See also:

• LOT
• LOT (Lat. Oltis)

lot . After prolonged visits among the intellectual circles at See also:

• COBLENZ (KOBLENZ)

Coblenz, See also:

• BONN

Bonn and Cologne, she retired to the See also:

• ESTATE (through O. Fr. estat, mod. flat, from Lat. status, state, condition, position, stare, to stand)

estate of Ruschhaus near Munster, belonging to her See also:

• MOTHER

mother's family . In 1841, owing to delicate See also:

• HEALTH

health, she went to reside in the See also:

• HOUSE
• HOUSE (O. Eng. hiss, a word common to Teutonic languages, cf. Dut. huis, Ger. Haus; in Gothic it is only found in gudhiss, a temple; it may be ultimately connected with the root of " hide," conceal)

house of her See also:

• BROTHER

brother-in-See also:

• LAW
• LAW (0. Eng. lagu, M. Eng. lawe; from an old Teutonic root lag, " lie," what lies fixed or evenly; cf. Lat. lex, Fr. loi)
• LAW, JOHN (1671—1729)
• LAW, WILLIAM (1686-1761)

law, the well-known See also:

• SCHOLAR, SCHOLARSHIP

scholar, See also:

• JOSEPH
• JOSEPH, COMTE DE (1785-1870)
• JOSEPH, FATHER (FRANCOIS LECLERC DU TREMBLAY) (1577-1638)

Joseph, Freiherr von Lassberg (1770-1855), at Schloss Meersburg on the See also:

• LAKE
• LAKE, GERARD LAKE, 1ST VISCOUNT (1744-1808)

Lake of See also:

• CONSTANCE
• CONSTANCE (Ger. Konstanz or Costnitz)
• CONSTANCE, COUNCIL OF
• CONSTANCE, LAKE OF (called by the Romans Lacus Brigantinus or lake of Bregenz, and now usually named in German Bodensee, as well as the " Swabian Sea ")

Constance, where she met Levin See also:

• SCHUCKING, LEVIN (1814-1883)

Schucking (q.v.); and there she died on the 24th of May 1848 . Annette von Droste-Hulshoffis, beyond doubt, the most gifted and See also:

• ORIGINAL

original of German See also:

• WOMEN

women poets . Her See also:

• VERSE (from Lat. versus, literally a line or furrow drawn by turning the plough, from vertere, and afterwards signifying an arrangement of syllables into feet)

verse is strong and vigorous, but often unmusical even to harshness; one looks in vain for a See also:

• TOUCH (derived through Fr. toucher from a common Teutonic and Indo-Germanic root, cf. " tug," " tuck," O. H. Ger. zucchen, to twitch or draw)

touch of sentimentality or melting sweetness in it . As a lyric poet, she is at her best when she is able to attune her thoughts to the sober landscape of the Westphalian moorlands of her See also:

• HOME
• HOME, DANIEL DUNGLAS (1833-1886)
• HOME, EARLS OF

home . Her narrative See also:

• POETRY

poetry, and especially Das Hospiz auf dem Grossen St See also:

• BERNARD, CHARLES DE
• BERNARD, CLAUDE (1813-1878)
• BERNARD, JACQUES (1658--1718)
• BERNARD, MOUNTAGUE (1S2o—1882)
• BERNARD, SAINT
• BERNARD, SAINT (Iogo-1153)
• BERNARD, SIMON (1779—1839)
• BERNARD, SIR THOMAS, BART

Bernard and See also:

• DIE
• DIE (Fr. de, from Lat. datum, given)

Die Schlacht See also:

• IM(K2+a2+h2—2 ah cos 0)

im Loener Bruck (both 1838), belongs to the best German poetry of its See also:

• KIND (O. E. ge-cynde, from the same root as is seen in " kin," supra)

kind .

She was a strict See also:

• ROMAN

Roman See also:

• CATHOLIC (Gr. KcaBoXuK6s, general, universal)

Catholic, and her religious poems, published in 852, after her See also:

• DEATH

death, under the See also:

• TITLE (0. Fr. title, mod. titre, from Lat. titulus)

title Das geistliche Jahr, nebst einem Anhang religioser Gedichte, enjoyed See also:

• GREAT

great popularity . Annette von Droste-Hulshoff's Gedichte were first published in 1844 during her lifetime, and a number of her poems were translated into See also:

• ENGLISH

English by See also:

• THOMAS
• THOMAS (c. 1654-1720)
• THOMAS (d. 110o)
• THOMAS, ARTHUR GORING (1850-1892)
• THOMAS, CHARLES LOUIS AMBROISE (1811-1896)
• THOMAS, GEORGE (c. 1756-1802)
• THOMAS, GEORGE HENRY (1816-187o)
• THOMAS, ISAIAH (1749-1831)
• THOMAS, PIERRE (1634-1698)
• THOMAS, SIDNEY GILCHRIST (1850-1885)
• THOMAS, ST
• THOMAS, THEODORE (1835-1905)
• THOMAS, WILLIAM (d. 1554)

Thomas Medwin . The most See also:

• COMPLETE

complete edition of her See also:

• WORKS

works is that in 4 vols. edited by E. von Droste-Hulshoff (Munster, 1886) . The Ausgewahlte Gedichte were edited by W. von Scholz (See also:

• LEIPZIG

Leipzig, 1901) . See Levin Schiicking, Annette von Droste-Hulshoff, can Lebensbild (2nd ed., See also:

• HANOVER
• HANOVER (Ger. Hannover)

Hanover, 1871)—her letters to L . Schiicking were published. at Leipzig in 1893; also H . Hueffer, Annette von Droste-Hulshoff and ihre Werke (See also:

• GOTHA

Gotha, 1887), and W . Kreiten, Annette von Droste-Hulshoff (2nd ed., See also:

• PADERBORN (Lat. Paderae Fontes, i.e. the springs of the Pader)

Paderborn, 1900) . DROSTE-VISCHERING, CLEMENS AUGUST, See also:

• BARON
• BARON (1835-1895)
• BARON, MICHEL (1653—1729)

BARON VON (1773-1845), German Roman Catholic divine, was born at Munster on the 21st of January 1773 . He was educated in his native See also:

• TOWN

town and entered the priesthood in 1798; in 1807 the See also:

• LOCAL

local See also:

• CHAPTER (a shortened form of chapiter, a word still used in architecture for a capital; derived from O. Fr. chapitre, Lat. capitellum, diminutive of caput, head)

chapter elected him See also:

• VICAR (Lat. vicarius, substitute)

vicar-See also:

• GENERAL
• GENERAL (Lat. generalis, of or relating to a genus, kind or class)

general . This See also:

• OFFICE (from Lat. officium, " duty," " service," a shortened form of opifacium, from facere, " to do," and either the stem of opes, " wealth," " aid," or opus, " work ")

office he resigned in 1813 through his opposition to See also:

• NAPOLEON

Napoleon, but assumed it again after the See also:

• BATTLE

battle of See also:

• WATERLOO

Waterloo (1815) until a disagreement with the Prussian See also:

• GOVERNMENT
• GOVERNMENT (0. Fr. governement, mod. gouvernement, O. Fr. governer, mod. gouverner, from Lat. gubernare, to steer a ship, guide, rule; cf. Gr. xv(3epvav)

government in 1820 led to his See also:

• ABDICATION (Lat. abdicatio, disowning, renouncing, from ab, from, and dicare, to declare, to proclaim as not belonging to one)

abdication . He remained in private See also:

• LIFE

life until 1835, when he was appointed archbishop of Cologne .

Heve again his zeal for the supremacy of the See also:

• CHURCH
• CHURCH (according to most authorities derived from the Gr. Kvpcaxov [&wµa], " the Lord's [house]," and common to many Teutonic, Slavonic and other languages under various forms—Scottish kirk, Ger. Kirche, Swed. kirka, Dan. kirke, Russ. tserkov, Buig. cerk
• CHURCH, FREDERICK EDWIN (1826-1900)
• CHURCH, GEORGE EARL (1835–1910)
• CHURCH, RICHARD WILLIAM (1815–189o)
• CHURCH, SIR RICHARD (1784–1873)

church led him to break the agreement between the See also:

• STATE
• STATE, GREAT OFFICERS OF

state and the Catholic bishops which he had signed at his See also:

• INSTALLATION

installation, and he was arrested by the Prussian government in See also:

• NOVEMBER (Lat. novem, nine)

November 1837 . A battle of See also:

• PAMPHLETS

pamphlets raged for some See also:

• TIME (0. Eng. Lima, cf. Icel. timi, Swed. timme, hour, Dan. time; from the root also seen in " tide," properly the time of between the flow and ebb of the sea, cf. O. Eng. getidan, to happen, " even-tide," &c.; it is not directly related to Lat. tempus)
• TIME, MEASUREMENT OF
• TIME, STANDARD

time; Droste was not re-installed but was obliged to accept a coadjutor . His See also:

• CHIEF (from Fr. chef, head, Lat. caput)

chief works were: Uber die Religionsfreiheit der Katholiken (18x7), and Uber den Frieden unter der Kirche and den Staaten (1843) . See Carl Mirbt's See also:

• ARTICLE (from Lat. articulus, a joint)

article in See also:

• HERZOG, HANS (1819–1894)
• HERZOG, JOHANN JAKOB (1805-1882)

Herzog-Hauck, Realencyk. See also:

• FUR (connected with O. Fr. forre, a sheath or case; so " an outer covering ")

fur prof . Theol. v . 23 .