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HENRI LOUIS DUHAMEL DU MONCEAU (1700-...

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Originally appearing in Volume V08, Page 649 of the 1911 Encyclopedia Britannica.
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HENRI See also:LOUIS See also:DUHAMEL DU MONCEAU (1700-1782)  , See also:French botanist and engineer, son of See also:Alexandre See also:Duhamel, See also:lord of Denainvilliers, was See also:born at See also:Paris in 1700 . Having been requested by the See also:Academy of Sciences to investigate a disease which was destroying the See also:saffron plant in Gatinais, he discovered the cause in a parasitical fungus which attached itself to the roots, and this achievement gained him See also:admission to the Academy in 1728 . From then until his See also:death he busied himself chiefly with making experiments in See also:vegetable See also:physiology . Having learned from See also:Sir Hans See also:Sloane that See also:madder possesses the See also:property of giving See also:colour to the bones, he fed animals successively on See also:food mixed and unmixed with madder; and he found that their bones in See also:general exhibited concentric strata of red and See also:white, whilst the softer parts showed in the meantime signs of having been progressively extended . From a number of experiments he was led to believe himself able to explain the growth of bones, and to demonstrate a parallel between the manner of their growth and that of trees . Along with the naturalist See also:Buffon, he made numerous experiments on the growth and strength of See also:wood, and experimented also on the growth of the mistletoe, on layer planting, on smut in See also:corn, &c . He was probably the first, in 1736, to distinguish clearly between the alkalis, potash and soda . From the See also:year 1740 he made meteorological observations, and kept records of the See also:influence of the See also:weather on agricultural See also:production . For many years he was inspector-general of marine, and applied his scientific acquirements to the improvement of See also:naval construction . He died at Paris on the 13th of See also:August 1782 . His See also:works are nearly ninety in number, and include many technical handbooks . The See also:principal are: Traite See also:des arbres et arbustes qui se cultivent en See also:France en pleine terre ; Elements de l'See also:architecture navale ; Traiti general des peches maritimes et fluviatiles; Elements d'See also:agriculture; La Physique des arbres; Des Semis et plantations des arbres et de leur culture; De l'exploitation des bois; Traite des arbres fruitiers .

End of Article: HENRI LOUIS DUHAMEL DU MONCEAU (1700-1782)
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