See also:

• EBONY (Gr. E(3evos)

EBONY (Gr. E(3evos)  , the See also:

• WOOD, ANTHONY A2 (1632-1695)
• WOOD, JOHN GEORGE (1827—1889)
• WOOD, MRS HENRY [ELLEN] (1814—1887)
• WOOD, SEARLES VALENTINE (1798—188o)

wood of various See also:

• SPECIES

species of trees of the genus Diospyros (natural See also:

• ORDER
• ORDER (through Fr. ordre, for earlier ordene, from Lat. ordo, ordinis, rank, service, arrangement; the ultimate source is generally taken to be the root seen in Lat. oriri, rise, arise, begin; cf. " origin ")
• ORDER, HOLY

order Ebenaceae), widely distributed in the tropical parts of the See also:

• WORLD

world . The best kinds are very heavy, are of a deep See also:

• BLACK
• BLACK, ADAM (1784-1874)
• BLACK, JEREMIAH SULLIVAN (1810–1883)
• BLACK, WILLIAM (1841-1898)

black, and consist of See also:

• HEART
• HEART, LUNG

heart-wood only . On See also:

• ACCOUNT
• ACCOUNT (through O. Fr. acont, Late Lat. comptum, cornputare, to calculate)

account of its See also:

• COLOUR (Lat. color, connected with celare, to hide, the root meaning, therefore, being that of a covering)

colour, durability, hardness and susceptibility of See also:

• POLISH

polish, See also:

• EBONY (Gr. E(3evos)

ebony is much used for See also:

• CABINET

cabinet See also:

• WORK

work and See also:

• INLAYING

inlaying, and for the manufacture of See also:

• PIANOFORTE (Ital. piano, soft, and forte, loud)

pianoforte-keys, See also:

• KNIFE (0. E. cuff, a word appearing in different forms in many Teutonic languages, cf. Du. knijf, Ger. Kneif, a shoe-maker's knife, Swed. knif; the ultimate origin is unknown; Skeat finds the origin in the root of " nip," formerly " knip "; Fr. canif is a

knife-handles and turned articles . The best See also:

• INDIAN

Indian and See also:

• CEYLON

Ceylon ebony is furnished by D . Ebenum, a native of See also:

• SOUTHERN

southern See also:

• INDIA
• INDIA, FRENCH

India and Ceylon, which grows in See also:

• GREAT

great abundance throughout the See also:

• FLAT (a modification of O. Eng. flet, an obsolete word of Teutonic origin, meaning the ground beneath the feet)

flat See also:

• COUNTRY (from the Mid. Eng. contre or contrie, and O. Fr. cuntree; Late Lat. contrata, showing the derivation from contra, opposite, over against, thus the tract of land which fronts the sight, cf. Ger. Gegend, neighbourhood)

country See also:

• WEST
• WEST, BENJAMIN (1738-1820)
• WEST, NICHOLAS (1461-1533)

west of See also:

• TRINCOMALEE

Trincomalee . The See also:

• TREE (0. Eng. treo, treow, cf. Dan. tree, Swed. Odd, tree, trd, timber; allied forms are found in Russ. drevo, Gr. opus, oak, and 36pv, spear, Welsh derw, Irish darog, oak, and Skr. dare, wood)
• TREE, SIR HERBERT BEERBOHM (1853- )

tree is distinguished from others by the inferior width of its See also:

• TRUNK (Fr. tronc, Lat. truncus, cut off, maimed)

trunk, and its See also:

• JET (Fr. jais, Ger. Gagat)

jet-black, charred-looking'bark, beneath which the wood is perfectly See also:

• WHITE
• WHITE, ANDREW DICKSON (1832– )
• WHITE, GILBERT (1720–1793)
• WHITE, HENRY KIRKE (1785-1806)
• WHITE, HUGH LAWSON (1773-1840)
• WHITE, JOSEPH BLANCO (1775-1841)
• WHITE, RICHARD GRANT (1822-1885)
• WHITE, ROBERT (1645-1704)
• WHITE, SIR GEORGE STUART (1835– )
• WHITE, SIR THOMAS (1492-1567)
• WHITE, SIR WILLIAM ARTHUR (1824--1891)
• WHITE, SIR WILLIAM HENRY (1845– )
• WHITE, THOMAS (1628-1698)
• WHITE, THOMAS (c. 1550-1624)

white tintil the heart is reached . The wood is stated to excel that obtained from D. reticulata of the See also:

• MAURITIUS

Mauritius and all other varieties of ebony in the fineness and intensity of its dark colour . Although the centre of the tree alone is employed, reduced logs r to 3 ft. in See also:

• DIAMETER (from the Cr. &a, through, µErpov, measure)

diameter can readily be procured . Much of the See also:

• EAST
• EAST, ALFRED (1849- )

East Indian ebony is yielded by the species D . Melanoxylon (Coromandel ebony), a large tree attaining a height of 6o to 8o ft., and 8 to to ft. in circumference, with irregular rigid branches, and oblong or oblong-lanceolate leaves . The bark of the tree is astringent, and mixed with See also:

• PEPPER
• PEPPER, WILLIAM (1843–1898)

pepper is used in See also:

• DYSENTERY (from the Gr. prefix Ova-, in the sense of " bad," and Evmpov, the intestine)

dysentery by the datives of India . The wood of D. tomentosa, a native of See also:

• NORTH
• NORTH, BARONS
• NORTH, MARIANNE (1830—1890)
• NORTH, ROGER (1653-1734)
• NORTH, SIR THOMAS (1535?-16o1?)

north See also:

• BENGAL
• BENGAL, BAY OF

Bengal, is black, hard and of great See also:

• WEIGHT

weight .

D. See also:

• MONTANA

montana, another Indian species, produces a yellowish-See also:

• GREY, CHARLES GREY, 2ND EARL (1764-1845)
• GREY, HENRY GREY, 3RD EARL (1802-1894)
• GREY, LADY JANE (1537-1554)
• GREY, SIR EDWARD
• GREY, SIR GEORGE (1812–1898)

grey soft but durable wood . D. quaesita is the tree from which is obtained the wood known in Ceylon by the name Calamander, derived by Pridham from the Sinhalee kalumindrie, black-flowing . Its closeness of See also:

• GRAIN (derived through the French from Lat. granum, seed, from an Aryan root meaning " to wear down," which also appears in the common Teutonic word " corn ")

grain, great hardness and See also:

• FINE

fine See also:

• HAZEL (0. Eng. hresell; cf. Ger. Hasel, Swed. and Dan. Kassel, &c.,; Fr. noiselier, coudrier)

hazel-See also:

• BROWN
• BROWN, CHARLES BROCKDEN (1771-181o)
• BROWN, FORD MADOX (1821-1893)
• BROWN, FRANCIS (1849- )
• BROWN, GEORGE (1818-188o)
• BROWN, HENRY KIRKE (1814-1886)
• BROWN, JACOB (1775–1828)
• BROWN, JOHN (1715–1766)
• BROWN, JOHN (1722-1787)
• BROWN, JOHN (1735–1788)
• BROWN, JOHN (1784–1858)
• BROWN, JOHN (1800-1859)
• BROWN, JOHN (1810—1882)
• BROWN, JOHN GEORGE (1831— )
• BROWN, ROBERT (1773-1858)
• BROWN, SAMUEL MORISON (1817—1856)
• BROWN, SIR GEORGE (1790-1865)
• BROWN, SIR JOHN (1816-1896)
• BROWN, SIR WILLIAM, BART
• BROWN, THOMAS (1663-1704)
• BROWN, THOMAS (1778-1820)
• BROWN, THOMAS EDWARD (1830-1897)
• BROWN, WILLIAM LAURENCE (1755–1830)

brown colour, mottled and striped with black, render it a valuable material for veneering and See also:

• FURNITURE (from " furnish," Fr. fournir)

furniture making . D . Dendo, a native of See also:

• ANGOLA

Angola, is a valuable See also:

• TIMBER

timber tree, 25 to 35 ft. high, with a trunk 1 to 2 ft. in diameter . The heart-wood is very black and hard and is known as black ebony, also as See also:

• BILLET

billet-wood, and See also:

• GABUN

Gabun, See also:

• LAGOS

Lagos, See also:

• CALABAR (or OLD CALABAR)

Calabar or See also:

• NIGER
• NIGER, GAIUS PESCENNIUS

Niger ebony . What is termed See also:

• JAMAICA

Jamaica or West Indian ebony, and also the See also:

• GREEN, A
• GREEN, ALEXANDER HENRY (1832—1896)
• GREEN, DUFF (1791—1875)
• GREEN, JOHN RICHARD (1837—1883)
• GREEN, MATTHEW (1696-1737)
• GREEN, THOMAS HILL (1836-1882)
• GREEN, VALENTINE (1739–1813)
• GREEN, WILLIAM HENRY (.1825–1900)

green ebony of See also:

• COMMERCE
• COMMERCE (Lat. commercium, from, cum, together, and rnerx, merchandise)

commerce, are produced by Brya Ebenus, a leguminous tree or See also:

• SHRUB

shrub, having a trunk rarely more than 4 in. in diameter, flexible spiny branches, and See also:

• ORANGE
• ORANGE (Citrus Aurantium)
• ORANGE, HOUSE OF

orange-yellow, sweet-scented See also:

• FLOWERS, ARTIFICIAL

flowers . The heart-wood is See also:

• RICH, BARNABE (c. 1540-1617)
• RICH, CLAUDIUS JAMES (1787-1821)
• RICH, JOHN (1692-1761)
• RICH, PENELOPE, LADY (c. 1562–1607)
• RICH, RICHARD, 1ST BARON RICH (1490?-1567)

rich dark brown in colour, heavier than See also:

• WATER

water, exceedingly hard and capable of receiving a high polish . From the' See also:

• BOOK

book of See also:

• EZEKIEL (SKpm', " God strengthens" or " God is strong "; Sept. 'IE'EKL?)X; Vulg. Ezechiel)

Ezekiel (See also:

• XXVII

xxvii . 15) we learn that ebony was among the articles of merchandise brought to See also:

• TYRE (Phoen. and Hebr. =" rock," Assyr. S'urru, Egypt. Dara, Early Lat. Sarra)

Tyre; and See also:

• HERODOTUS (c. 484-425 B.C.)

Herodotus states (iii . 97) that the Ethiopians every three years sent a See also:

• TRIBUTE (Lat. tributurn, a stated payment, contribution)

tribute of 200 logs of it to See also:

• PERSIA

Persia . Ebony was known to See also:

• VIRGIL (PUBLIUS VERGILIUS MARC)
• VIRGIL, POLYDORE (c. 1470-1555)

Virgil as a product of India (Georg. ii .

116), and was displayed by See also:

• POMPEY

Pompey the Great in his Mithradatic See also:

• TRIUMPH (triumphus)

triumph at See also:

• ROME
• ROME (Roma)

Rome . By the ancients it was esteemed of equal value for durability with the See also:

• CYPRESS (Cupressus)

cypress and See also:

• CEDAR (Lat. cedrus, Gr. iapos)

cedar (see See also:

• PLINY, THE ELDER
• PLINY, THE YOUNGER

Pliny, Nat . Hist. xii . 9, xvi . 79) . According to See also:

• SOLINUS, GAIUS JULIUS

Solinus (Polyhisior, cap. lv. p: 353, See also:

• PARIS
• PARIS (also called ALEXANDROS)
• PARIS, ALEXIS PAULIN (1800-x881)
• PARIS, BRUNO PAULIN GASTON (1839-1903)
• PARIS, FRANCOIS DE (169o-1727)
• PARIS, LOUIS PHILIPPE ALBERT
• PARIS, TREATIES OF (1814-1815)

Paris, 1621), it was employed by the See also:

• KINGS, FIRST AND SECOND BOOKS OF

kings of India for sceptres and images, also, on account of its supposed antagonism to See also:

• POISON

poison, for drinking-cups . The hardness and black colour of the wood appear to have given rise to the tradition related by See also:

• PAUSANIAS

Pausanias, and alluded to by See also:

• SOUTHEY, ROBERT (1774-1843)

Southey in Thalaba, i . 22, that the ebony tree produced neither leaves nor See also:

• FRUIT (through the French from the Lat. fructus; frui, to enjoy)

fruit, and was never seen exposed to the See also:

• SUN
• SUN (0. Eng. sonne, Ger. sonne. Fr. soleil, Lat. sol, Gr. ijXior, from which comes helio- in various English compounds)

sun .