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EGER (Ger. Erlau, Med. Lat. Agria)

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Originally appearing in Volume V09, Page 12 of the 1911 Encyclopedia Britannica.
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EGER (Ger. Erlau, Med. See also:Lat. Agria)  , a See also:town of See also:Hungary, See also:capital of the See also:county of Heves, 90 M . E.N.E. of See also:Budapest by See also:rail . Pop . (1900) 24,650 . It is beautifully situated in the valley of the See also:river See also:Eger, an affluent of the See also:Theiss, and on the eastern outskirts of the Matra mountains . Eger is the see of an archbishopric, and owing to its numerous ecclesiastical buildings has received the name of " the Hungarian See also:Rome." Amongst the See also:principal buildings are the beautiful See also:cathedral in the See also:Italian See also:style, with a handsome See also:dome 130 ft. high, erected in 1831–1834 by the See also:arch-See also:bishop See also:Ladislaus Pyrker (1772–1847); the See also:church of the See also:Brothers of See also:Mercy, opposite which is a handsome See also:minaret, 115 ft. high, the remains of a See also:mosque dating from the See also:Turkish occupation, other See also:Roman See also:Catholic churches, and an imposing See also:Greek church . The archiepiscopal See also:palace; the See also:lyceum, with a See also:good library and an astronomical See also:observatory; the See also:seminary for Roman priests; and the town-See also:hall are all noteworthy . On an See also:eminence N.E. of the town, laid out as a See also:park, are the ruins of the old fortress, and a See also:monument of See also:Stephen DOb6, the heroic defender of the town against the assaults of the See also:Turks in 1552 . The See also:chief occupation of the inhabitants is the cultivation of the vineyards of the surrounding hills, which produce the red Erlauer See also:wine, one of the best in Hungary . To the S.W. of Eger, in the same county of Heves, is situated the town of Gyongyos (pop . 15,878) . It lies on the See also:south-western outskirts of the Matra mountains, and carries on a brisk See also:trade in the Erlauer wine, which is produced throughout the See also:district .

The Hungarians defeated the Austrians at Gyongyos on the 3rd of See also:

April 1849 . To the S.W. of Gyongyos is situated the old town of Hatvan (pop . 9698), which is now a busy railway junction, and possesses several See also:industrial establishments . Eger is an old town, and owes its importance to the bishopric created by See also:King Stephen in 1010, which was one of the richest in the whole of Hungary . In 1552 Eger resisted the repeated assaults of a large Turkish force; in 1596, however, it was given up to the Turks by the See also:Austrian party in the See also:garrison, and remained in their See also:possession until 1687 . It was created an arch-bishopric in 1814 . During the revolution of 1848–1849, Eger, was remarkable for the patriotic spirit displayed by its in-habitants; and it was here that the principal See also:campaigns against the Austrians were organized .

End of Article: EGER (Ger. Erlau, Med. Lat. Agria)
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