See also:

• ELBA (Gr. AiWaXla; Lat. Ilva)

ELBA (Gr. AiWaXla; See also:

• LAT

Lat. Ilva)  , an See also:

• ISLAND (O.E. ieg =isle, +land')

island off the W. See also:

• COAST (from Lat. costa, a rib, side)

coast of See also:

• ITALY
• ITALY (Italia)

Italy, belonging to the See also:

• PROVINCE
• PROVINCE (Lat. provincia; perhaps a contraction of providentia)

province of See also:

• LEGHORN (Ital. Livorno, Fr. Livourne)

Leghorn, from which it is 45 M . S., and 7 m . S.W. of See also:

• PIOMBINO

Piombino, the nearest point of the mainland . Pop . (1901) 25,043 (including See also:

• PIANOSA (anc. Planasia)

Pianosa) . It is about 19 M. See also:

• LONG, GEORGE (1800-1879)
• LONG, JOHN DAVIS (1838– )

long, 62 m. broad, and 140 sq . M. in See also:

• AREA

area; and its highest point is 3340 ft . (See also:

• MONTE

Monte Capanne) . It forms, like See also:

• GIGLIO (anc. Igilium)

Giglio and Monte Cristo, See also:

• PART

part of a sunken See also:

• MOUNTAIN (0. Fr. montaigne; popular Lat. montanea, an adjectival form from the classical mons, montis, whence Eng. " mount," a form usually used along with the name of an individual mountain, e.g. Mt Everest)
• MOUNTAIN, THE (La Montagne)

mountain range extending towards See also:

• CORSICA (Fr. Corse)

Corsica and See also:

• SARDINIA (Gr. 'IXs'o"uva, from a fancied resemblance to a footprint in its shape, Ital. Sardegna)

Sardinia . The See also:

• OLDEST

oldest rocks of See also:

• ELBA (Gr. AiWaXla; Lat. Ilva)

Elba consist of schist and See also:

• SERPENTINE

serpentine which in the eastern part of the island are overlaid by beds containing See also:

• SILURIAN

Silurian and Devonian fossils . The See also:

• PERMIAN

Permian maybe represented, but the Trias is absent, and in See also:

• GENERAL
• GENERAL (Lat. generalis, of or relating to a genus, kind or class)

general the older Palaeozoic rocks are overlaid directly by the See also:

• RHAETIC (Fr. Rhetien or Rhcetien; Ger. Rhdt or Rhktisch; It. Retico)

Rhaetic and See also:

• LIAS

Lias . The Liassic beds are often metamorphosed and the limestones contain See also:

• GARNET
• GARNET, or GARNETT, HENRY (1555—1606)

garnet and See also:

• WOLLASTONITE

wollastonite .

The next See also:

• GEOLOGICAL

geological formation which is represented is the See also:

• EOCENE (Gr. *In, dawn, icauvos, recent)

Eocene, consisting of nummulitic See also:

• LIMESTONE

limestone, See also:

• SANDSTONE

sandstone and schist . The See also:

• MIOCENE

Miocene and See also:

• PLIOCENE (from the Gr. sr?eiov, mere, and xatvbs, recent)

Pliocene are absent . The most remarkable feature in the See also:

• GEOLOGY (from Gr. yp7, the earth, and Abyor, science)

geology of Elba is the extent of the granitic and ophiolitic eruptions of the See also:

• TERTIARY

Tertiary See also:

• PERIOD
• PERIOD (Gr. irepioSos, a going or way round, circuit, aepi, round, and &Sis, way, road)

period . Serpentines, peridotites and diabases are interstratified with the Eocene deposits . The See also:

• GRANITE (adapted from the Ital. granite, grained; Lat. granum, grain)

granite, which is intruded through the Eocene beds, is associated with a See also:

• PEGMATITE (from Gr. 1r3 y ea, a bond)

pegmatite containing toui maline and cassiterite . The celebrated See also:

• IRON [symbol Fe, atomic weight 55.85 (0=16)]

iron ore of Elba is of Tertiary See also:

• AGE (Fr. age, through late Lat. aetaticum, from aetas)

age and occurs indifferently in all the older rocks . The deposits are superficial, resulting from the opening out of See also:

• VEINS

veins at the See also:

• SURFACE

surface, and consist chiefly of See also:

• HAEMATITE, or HEMATITE

haematite . These ores were worked by the ancients, but so inefficiently that their spoil-heaps can be smelted again with profit . This See also:

• PROCESS

process is now gone through on the island itself . The granite was also quarried by the See also:

• ROMANS
• ROMANS, EPISTLE TO THE

Romans, but is not now much worked . Parts of the island are fertile, and the cultivation of vines, and the See also:

• TUNNY (Thunnus thynnus)

tunny and sardine See also:

• FISHERY (LAW OF)

fishery, also give employment to a part of the See also:

• POPULATION (Lat. populus, people; populare, to populate)

population . The See also:

• CAPITAL (i.e. capital stock or fund)
• CAPITAL (Lat. caput, head)

capital of the island is Portoferraiopop .

(19ox) 5987—in the centre of the N. coast, enclosed by an See also:

• AMPHITHEATRE (Gr. 441, around, and O&arpov, a place for spectators)

amphitheatre of lofty mountains, the slopes of which are covered with villas and gardens . This is the best See also:

• HARBOUR (from M.E. hereberge, here, an army; cf. Ger. Heer and -beorg, protection or shelter. Other early forms in English were herberwe and haiborow, as seen in various place names, such as Market Harborough.. The French auberge, an inn, derived through

harbour, the See also:

• ANCIENT
• ANCIENT (also spelt ANTIENT; derived, through the Fr. ancien, old, from the late Lat. antianum, from ante, before)

ancient See also:

• PORTUS

Portus Argous . The See also:

• TOWN

town was built and fortified by Cosimo I. in 1548, who called it Cosmopolis . Above the harbour, between the forts Stella and See also:

• FALCONE, ANIELLO (x600–x665)

Falcone, is the See also:

• PALACE (Lat. Palatium, the name given by Augustus to his residence on the Palatine Hill)

palace of See also:

• NAPOLEON

Napoleon I., and 4 M. to the S.W. is his See also:

• VILLA

villa; while on the N. slope of Monte Capanne is another of his See also:

• COUNTRY (from the Mid. Eng. contre or contrie, and O. Fr. cuntree; Late Lat. contrata, showing the derivation from contra, opposite, over against, thus the tract of land which fronts the sight, cf. Ger. Gegend, neighbourhood)

country houses . The other villages in the island are Campo nell' Elba, on the S. near the W. end, Marciana and Marciana Marina on the N. of the island near the W. extremity, See also:

• PORTO

Porto Longone, on the E. coast, with picturesque See also:

• SPANISH

Spanish fortifications, constructed in 1602 by See also:

• PHILIP
• PHILIP (Gr.'FiXtrsro , fond of horses, from dn)^eiv, to love, and limos, horse; Lat. Philip pus, whence e.g. M. H. Ger. Philippes, Dutch Filips, and, with dropping of the final s, It. Filippo, Fr. Philippe, Ger. Philipp, Sp. Felipe)
• PHILIP, JOHN (1775-1851)
• PHILIP, KING (c. 1639-1676)
• PHILIP, LANOGRAVE OF HESSE (1504-1567)

Philip III.; Rio dell' Elba and Rio Marina, both on the E. See also:

• SIDE
• SIDE (mod. Eski Adalia)

side of the island, in the See also:

• MINING

mining See also:

• DISTRICT

district . At Le Grotte, between Portoferraio and Rio dell' Elba, and at See also:

• CAPO

Capo See also:

• CASTELLO, BERNARDO (1557—1629)
• CASTELLO, GIOVANNI BATTISTA (1500 ?–1569 ?)
• CASTELLO, VALERIO (1625-1659)

Castello, on the N.E. of the island, are ruins of See also:

• ROMAN

Roman date . Elba was famous for its mines in See also:

• EARLY
• EARLY, JUBAL ANDERSON (1816-1894)

early times, and the smelting furnaces gave it its See also:

• GREEK
• GREEK, ETRUSCAN AND

Greek name of A' Baia (" See also:

• SOOT (0. Eng. sot, cf. Icel. sot, Dan. sod; possibly from root sed, to sit)

soot island ") . In Roman times, and until 1900, however, owing to lack of See also:

• FUEL (O. Fr. feuaile, popular Lat. focalia, from focus, hearth, fire)

fuel, the smelting was .done on the mainland . In 453 B.C . Elba was devastated by a Syracusan See also:

• SQUADRON

squadron . From the rxth to the 14th See also:

• CENTURY (from Lat. centuria, a division of a hundred men)

century it belonged to See also:

• PISA
• PISA, COUNCIL OF (1409)

Pisa, and in 1399 came under the See also:

• DUKES
• DUKES, LEOPOLD (1810-1891)

dukes of Piombino . In 1548 it was ceded by them to Cosimo I. of See also:

• FLORENCE
• FLORENCE (Ital. Firenze, Lat. Florentia)

Florence .

In 1596 Porto Longone was taken by Philip III. of See also:

• SPAIN
• SPAIN (Espana)

Spain, and retained until 1709, when it was ceded to See also:

• NAPLES
• NAPLES (Ital. Napoli, and Lat. Neapolis)
• NAPLES, KINGDOM OF

Naples . In 1802 the island was given to See also:

• FRANCE
• FRANCE, ANATOLE (1844– )

France by the See also:

• PEACE
• PEACE, BREACH OF THE

peace of See also:

• AMIENS

Amiens . On Napoleon's deposition, the island was ceded to him with full See also:

• SOVEREIGN

sovereign rights, and he resided there from the 5th of May 1814 to the 26th of See also:

• FEBRUARY

February 1815 . After his fall it was restored to See also:

• TUSCANY
• TUSCANY (Toscana)

Tuscany, and passed with it to Italy in 1860 . See See also:

• SIR

Sir R . See also:

• COLT, SAMUEL (1814-1862)

Colt See also:

• HOARE, SIR RICHARD COLT, BART

Hoare, A Tour through the Island of Elba (See also:

• LONDON

London, 1814) .