See also:

• JOHN
• JOHN (1167–1216)
• JOHN (1290-c. 1320)
• JOHN (1296-1346)
• JOHN (1371–1419)
• JOHN (1468-1532)
• JOHN (1801-1873)
• JOHN (Heb. llni')
• JOHN (ZAPOLYA) (1487-1540)
• JOHN, 4TH MARQUESS OF TWEEDDALE (c. 1695-1762)
• JOHN, DON (1545-1578)
• JOHN, DON (1629–1679)
• JOHN, GOSPEL OF ST
• JOHN, or HAYS (1513–1571)
• JOHN, THE APOSTLE
• JOHN, THE EPISTLES OF

JOHN See also:

• ELIOT, CHARLES WILLIAM (1834– )
• ELIOT, GEORGE
• JOHN ELIOT (1604-1690)
• ELIOT, SIR JOHN (1592-1632)

ELIOT (1604-1690)  , See also:

• AMERICAN

American colonial clergyman, known as the " Apostle to the See also:

• INDIANS, NORTH AMERICAN

Indians," was See also:

• BORN, IGNAZ, EDLER VON (1742–1791)

born probably at Widford, See also:

• HERTFORDSHIRE [HERrs]

Hertfordshire, See also:

• ENGLAND
• ENGLAND, THE CHURCH OF

England, where he was baptized on the 5th of See also:

• AUGUST (originally Sextilis)

August 1604 . He was the son of See also:

• BENNETT, CHARLES EDWIN (1858- )
• BENNETT, JAMES GORDON (1794-1872)
• BENNETT, JOHN
• BENNETT, JOHN HUGHES (1812–1875)
• BENNETT, SIR WILLIAM STERNDALE (1816-1875)

Bennett See also:

• ELIOT, CHARLES WILLIAM (1834– )
• ELIOT, GEORGE
• ELIOT, JOHN (1604-1690)
• ELIOT, SIR JOHN (1592-1632)

Eliot, a See also:

• MIDDLE

middle-class See also:

• FARMER, RICHARD (1735–1787)

farmer . Little is known of his boyhood and See also:

• EARLY
• EARLY, JUBAL ANDERSON (1816-1894)

early manhood except that he took his degree of B.A. at Jesus See also:

• COLLEGE (Collegium)

College, See also:

• CAM (CAO), DIOGO (fl. 1480-1486)

Cam-See also:

• BRIDGE

bridge, in 1622 . It seems probable that he entered the See also:

• MINISTRY

ministry of the Established See also:

• CHURCH
• CHURCH (according to most authorities derived from the Gr. Kvpcaxov [&wµa], " the Lord's [house]," and common to many Teutonic, Slavonic and other languages under various forms—Scottish kirk, Ger. Kirche, Swed. kirka, Dan. kirke, Russ. tserkov, Buig. cerk
• CHURCH, FREDERICK EDWIN (1826-1900)
• CHURCH, GEORGE EARL (1835–1910)
• CHURCH, RICHARD WILLIAM (1815–189o)
• CHURCH, SIR RICHARD (1784–1873)

Church, but there is nothing definitely known of him until 1629-163o, when he became an See also:

• USHER (O. Fr. ussier, uissier, mod. huissier, from Lat. ostiarius, a door-keeper, ostium, doorway, entrance, os, mouth)
• USHER (or USSHER), JAMES (1581-1656)

usher or assistant at the school of the Rev . See also:

• THOMAS
• THOMAS (c. 1654-1720)
• THOMAS (d. 110o)
• THOMAS, ARTHUR GORING (1850-1892)
• THOMAS, CHARLES LOUIS AMBROISE (1811-1896)
• THOMAS, GEORGE (c. 1756-1802)
• THOMAS, GEORGE HENRY (1816-187o)
• THOMAS, ISAIAH (1749-1831)
• THOMAS, PIERRE (1634-1698)
• THOMAS, SIDNEY GILCHRIST (1850-1885)
• THOMAS, ST
• THOMAS, THEODORE (1835-1905)
• THOMAS, WILLIAM (d. 1554)

Thomas See also:

• HOOKER, JOSEPH (1814–1879)
• HOOKER, RICHARD (1553-1600)
• HOOKER, SIR JOSEPH DALTON (1817— English botanist and traveller, second son of the famous botanist Sir W.J.Hooker, was born on the 3oth of June 1817, at Halesworth, Suffolk. He was educated at Glasgow University, and almost immediately after taking his M.
• HOOKER, SIR WILLIAM JACKSON (1785–1865)
• HOOKER, THOMAS (1586–1647)

Hooker, at Little Baddow, near See also:

• CHELMSFORD
• CHELMSFORD, FREDERIC THESIGER, 1ST BARON (1794-1878)

Chelmsford . The See also:

• INFLUENCE (Late Lat. influentia, from influere, to flow in)

influence of Hooker apparently determined him to become a Puritan, but his connexion with the school ceased in 163o, when See also:

• LAUD (Lat. laws)
• LAUD, WILLIAM (1573-1645)

Laud's persecutions drove Hooker into See also:

• EXILE (Lat. exsilium or exilium, from exsul or exul, which is derived from ex, out of, and the root sal, to go, seen in salire, to leap, consul, &c.; the connexion with solum, soil, country is now generally considered wrong)

exile . The realization of the difficulties in the way of a non-conforming clergyman in England undoubtedly determined Eliot to emigrate to See also:

• AMERICA

America in the autumn of 1631, where he settled first at See also:

• BOSTON
• BOSTON, THOMAS (1676-1732)

Boston, assisting for a See also:

• TIME (0. Eng. Lima, cf. Icel. timi, Swed. timme, hour, Dan. time; from the root also seen in " tide," properly the time of between the flow and ebb of the sea, cf. O. Eng. getidan, to happen, " even-tide," &c.; it is not directly related to Lat. tempus)
• TIME, MEASUREMENT OF
• TIME, STANDARD

time at the First Church . In See also:

• NOVEMBER (Lat. novem, nine)

November 1632 he became " teacher " to the church at See also:

• ROXBURY

Roxbury, with which his connexion lasted until his See also:

• DEATH

death . There he married Hannah Mulford, who had been betrothed to him in England, and who became his See also:

• CONSTANT, BENJAMIN (1845-1902)

constant helper . In the care of the Roxbury church he was associated with Thomas Welde from 1632 to 1641, with See also:

• SAMUEL

Samuel Danforth (1626-1674) from 1649 to 1674, and with See also:

• NEHEMIAH (Heb. for " Yah[weh] comforts ")

Nehemiah See also:

• WALTER, HUBERT (d. 1205)
• WALTER, JOHN (1738/9-1812)

Walter (1663-1750) from 1688 to 169o . Inspired with the See also:

• IDEA (Gr. Ibia, connected with i&eiv, to see; cf. Lat. species from specere, to look at)

idea of converting the Indians, his first step was to perfect himself in their dialects, which he did by the assistance of a See also:

• YOUNG
• YOUNG, A
• YOUNG, ARTHUR (1741-1820)
• YOUNG, BRIGHAM (1801-1877)
• YOUNG, CHARLES MAYNE (1777–1856)
• YOUNG, EDWARD (1683–1765)
• YOUNG, JAMES (1811-1883)
• YOUNG, THOMAS (1773-1829)

young See also:

• INDIAN

Indian whom he received into his See also:

• HOME
• HOME, DANIEL DUNGLAS (1833-1886)
• HOME, EARLS OF

home . With his aid he translated the Ten Commandments and the See also:

• LORD
• LORD (O. Eng. hldford, i.e. hldfweard, the warder or keeper of bread, hlIf, loaf; the word is not represented in any other Teutonic language)
• LORD, JOHN (1810-1894)

Lord's See also:

• PRAYER (from Lat. precari, entreat; Ital. pregaria, Fr. priere)
• PRAYER, BOOK OF COMMON

Prayer .

He first successfully preached to the Indians in their own See also:

• TONGUE (O. Eng. lunge)

tongue at Nonantum (See also:

• NEWTON
• NEWTON, ALFRED (1829–1907)
• NEWTON, JOHN (1725-1807)
• NEWTON, JOHN (1823-1895)
• NEWTON, SIR CHARLES THOMAS (1816-1894)
• NEWTON, SIR ISAAC (1642-1727)

Newton) in See also:

• OCTOBER

October 1646 . At the third See also:

• MEETING (from " to meet," to come together, assemble, 0. Eng. metals ; cf. Du. moeten, Swed. mota, Goth. gamotjan, &c., derivatives of the Teut. word for a meeting, seen in O. Eng. Wit, moot, an assembly of the people; cf. witanagemot)

meeting several Indians declared themselves converted, and were soon followed by many others . Eliot induced the See also:

• MASSACHUSETTS (an Indian name, originally applied to a tribe of Indians)

Massachusetts See also:

• GENERAL
• GENERAL (Lat. generalis, of or relating to a genus, kind or class)

General See also:

• COURT
• COURT (from the O. Fr. court, Late Lat. cortis, curtis, a popular form of class. Lat. cohors, gen. cohortis; the mod. Fr. form tour is due to the influence of the Lat. curia, the word used in medieval documents to translate " court " in the feudal sense)
• COURT, ANTOINE (1696-176o)

Court to set aside See also:

• LAND

land for their See also:

• RESIDENCE (Latin residere, to remain behind, to dwell, reside)

residence, the same See also:

• BODY

body also voting him £10 to prosecute the See also:

• WORK

work, and directing that two clergymen be annually elected by the See also:

• CLERGY (M.E. clergie, O. Fr. clergie, from Low Lat. form clericia [Skean, by assimilation with O. Fr. clergie, Fr. clerge,from Low Lat. clericatus)
• CLERGY, BENEFIT OF

clergy as preachers to the Indians . As soon as the success of Eliot's endeavours became known, the necessary funds flowed in upon him from private See also:

• SOURCES

sources in both Old and New England . In See also:

• JULY

July 1649 See also:

• PARLIAMENT (Anglo-Lat. parliamentum, Fr. parlement, from parler, to speak)

parliament incorporated the " Society for the See also:

• PROPAGATION

Propagation of the See also:

• GOSPEL (O. Eng. godspel, i.e. good news, a translation of Lat. bona annuntiatio, or evangelium, Gr. evayyeXwv; cf. Goth. iu spillon, " to announce good news," Ulfilas' translation of the Greek, from iu, that which is good, and spellon to announce)

Gospel in New England," which henceforth sup-ported and directed the work inaugurated by Eliot . The first See also:

• APPEAL

appeal for aid brought contributions of £II,000 . In 1651 the See also:

• CHRISTIAN
• CHRISTIAN, WILLIAM (1608-1663)

Christian Indian See also:

• TOWN

town founded by Eliot was removed from Nonantum to See also:

• NATICK

Natick, where residences, a meeting-See also:

• HOUSE
• HOUSE (O. Eng. hiss, a word common to Teutonic languages, cf. Dut. huis, Ger. Haus; in Gothic it is only found in gudhiss, a temple; it may be ultimately connected with the root of " hide," conceal)

house, and a school-house were erected, and where Eliot preached, when able, once in every two See also:

• WEEKS, EDWIN LORD (1849-1903)

weeks as See also:

• LONG, GEORGE (1800-1879)
• LONG, JOHN DAVIS (1838– )

long as he lived . To this community Eliot applied a See also:

• PLAN
• PLAN (from Lat. planes, flat)

plan of See also:

• GOVERNMENT
• GOVERNMENT (0. Fr. governement, mod. gouvernement, O. Fr. governer, mod. gouverner, from Lat. gubernare, to steer a ship, guide, rule; cf. Gr. xv(3epvav)

government by means of tens, fifties and hundreds, which he subsequently advocated as suitable for all England . Eliot's missionary labours encouraged others to follow in his footsteps . A second town under his direction was established at Ponkapog (See also:

• STOUGHTON, JOHN (1807-1897)

Stoughton) in 1654, in which he had the assistance of See also:

• DANIEL
• DANIEL (DANIL)
• DANIEL, BOOK
• DANIEL, GABRIEL (1649-1728)

Daniel Gookin (c . 1612-1687) . His success was duplicated in Martha's Vineyard and See also:

• NANTUCKET

Nantucket by the Mayhews, and by 1674 the unofficial See also:

• CENSUS (from Lat. censere, to estimate or assess; connected by some with centum, i.e. a count by hundreds)

census of the " praying Indians " numbered 4000 .

See also:

• KING
• KING (O. Eng. cyning, abbreviated into cyng, cing; cf. O. H. G. chun- kuning, chun- kunig, M.H.G. kiinic, kiinec, kiinc, Mod. Ger. Konig, O. Norse konungr, kongr, Swed. konung, kung)
• KING [OF OCKHAM], PETER KING, 1ST BARON (1669-1734)
• KING, CHARLES WILLIAM (1818-1888)
• KING, CLARENCE (1842–1901)
• KING, EDWARD (1612–1637)
• KING, EDWARD (1829–1910)
• KING, HENRY (1591-1669)
• KING, RUFUS (1755–1827)
• KING, THOMAS (1730–1805)
• KING, WILLIAM (1650-1729)
• KING, WILLIAM (1663–1712)

King See also:

• PHILIP
• PHILIP (Gr.'FiXtrsro , fond of horses, from dn)^eiv, to love, and limos, horse; Lat. Philip pus, whence e.g. M. H. Ger. Philippes, Dutch Filips, and, with dropping of the final s, It. Filippo, Fr. Philippe, Ger. Philipp, Sp. Felipe)
• PHILIP, JOHN (1775-1851)
• PHILIP, KING (c. 1639-1676)
• PHILIP, LANOGRAVE OF HESSE (1504-1567)

Philip's See also:

• WAR
• WAR (O. Eng. werre, Fr. guerre, of Teutonic origin; cf. O.H.G. werran, to confound)

War (1675-76) was a staggering See also:

• BLOW, JOHN (1648-1708)

blow to all missionary enterprise; and although few of the converted Indians proved disloyal, it was some years before adequate support could again be enlisted . "'Yet at Eliot's death, which occurred at Roxbury on the 21st of May 169o, the See also:

• MISSIONS (Lat. missio, a sending)

missions were at the height of their prosperity, and that the results of his labours were not permanent was due only to the racial traits of the New England tribes . Of wider influence and more lasting value than his See also:

• PERSONAL

personal labours as a missionary was Eliot's work as a translator of the See also:

• BIBLE
• BIBLE, ENGLISH

Bible and various religious See also:

• WORKS

works into the Massachusetts See also:

• DIALECT (from Gr. Sia stcror, conversation, manner of speaking, &aXeyec6at, to converse)

dialect of the Algonquian See also:

• LANGUAGE (adapted from the Fr. langage, from langue, tongue, Lat. lingua)

language . The first work completed was the See also:

• CATECHISM (from Gr. Karnxeiv, teach by word of mouth)

Catechism, published in 1653 at See also:

• CAMBRIDGE
• CAMBRIDGE, EARLS AND DUKES OF
• CAMBRIDGE, RICHARD OWEN (1717-1802)

Cambridge, Massachusetts, the first See also:

• BOOK

book to be printed in the Indian tongue . Several years elapsed before Eliot completed his task of translating the Bible . The New Testament was at last issued in 1661, and the Old Testament followed two years later . The New Testament was See also:

• BOUND, or BOUNDARY (from O. Fr. bonde, Med. Lat. bodena or butina, a frontier line)

bound with it, and thus the whole Bible was completed . To it were added a Catechism and a metrical version of the See also:

• PSALMS, BOOK
• PSALMS, BOOK OF, or PSALTER

Psalms . The See also:

• TITLE (0. Fr. title, mod. titre, from Lat. titulus)

title of this Bible, now a See also:

• GREAT

great rarity, is Mamussee Wunneetupanatamwe Up-Biblum See also:

• GOD

God naneeswe Nukkone Testament kah See also:

• MONK (O.Eng. munuc; this with the Teutonic forms, e.g. Du. monnik, Ger. Witch, and the Romanic, e.g. Fr. moine, Ital. monacho and Span. monje, are from the Lat. monachus, adaptedfrom Gr. µovaXos, one living alone, a solitary; Own, alone)
• MONK (or MONCK), GEORGE
• MONK, JAMES HENRY (1784-1856)
• MONK, MARIA (c. 1817—1850)

monk Wusku Testament-Ne quoshkinnumuk nashpe Wuttinneumoh See also:

• CHRIST (Gr. X pLQTOS, Anointed)
• CHRIST, WILHELM VON (1831-1906)

Christ noh assoowesit See also:

• JOHN
• JOHN (1167–1216)
• JOHN (1290-c. 1320)
• JOHN (1296-1346)
• JOHN (1371–1419)
• JOHN (1468-1532)
• JOHN (1801-1873)
• JOHN (Heb. llni')
• JOHN (ZAPOLYA) (1487-1540)
• JOHN, 4TH MARQUESS OF TWEEDDALE (c. 1695-1762)
• JOHN, DON (1545-1578)
• JOHN, DON (1629–1679)
• JOHN, GOSPEL OF ST
• JOHN, or HAYS (1513–1571)
• JOHN, THE APOSTLE
• JOHN, THE EPISTLES OF

John Eliot; literally translated, " The Whole See also:

• HOLY

Holy His-Bible God, both Old Testament and also New Testament . This turned by the-servant-of-Christ, who is called John Eliot." This book was printed in 1663 at Cambridge, See also:

• MASS (O.E. maesse; Fr. messe; Ger. Messe; Ital. messa; from eccl. Lat. missa)
• MASS, IN

Mass., by Samuel See also:

• GREEN, A
• GREEN, ALEXANDER HENRY (1832—1896)
• GREEN, DUFF (1791—1875)
• GREEN, JOHN RICHARD (1837—1883)
• GREEN, MATTHEW (1696-1737)
• GREEN, THOMAS HILL (1836-1882)
• GREEN, VALENTINE (1739–1813)
• GREEN, WILLIAM HENRY (.1825–1900)

Green and Marmaduke See also:

• JOHNSON, ANDREW
• JOHNSON, ANDREW (1808–1875)
• JOHNSON, BENJAMIN (c. 1665-1742)
• JOHNSON, EASTMAN (1824–1906)
• JOHNSON, REVERDY (1796–1876)
• JOHNSON, RICHARD (1573–1659 ?)
• JOHNSON, RICHARD MENTOR (1781–1850)
• JOHNSON, SAMUEL (1709-1784)
• JOHNSON, SIR THOMAS (1664-1729)
• JOHNSON, SIR WILLIAM (1715–1774)
• JOHNSON, THOMAS

Johnson, and was the first Bible printed in America . In 1685 appeared a second edition, in the preparationof which Eliot was assisted by the Rev . John See also:

• COTTON
• COTTON (Fr. coton; from Arab. qutun)
• COTTON, CHARLES (163o–1687)
• COTTON, GEORGE EDWARD LYNCH (1813–1866)
• COTTON, JOHN (1585–1652)
• COTTON, SIR ROBERT BRUCE

Cotton (164o-1699), the younger, of See also:

• PLYMOUTH
• PLYMOUTH, EARLS OF

Plymouth, who also had a wide knowledge of the Indian tongue .

Besides his Bible, Eliot published at Cambridge in 1664 a See also:

• TRANSLATION

translation of See also:

• BAXTER, ANDREW (1686-1750)
• BAXTER, RICHARD (1615-1691)
• BAXTER, ROBERT DUDLEY (1827-1875)
• BAXTER, WILLIAM (1650-1723)

Baxter's See also:

• CALL (from Anglo-Saxon ceallian, a common Teutonic word, cf. Dutch kallen, to talk or chatter)

Call to the Unconverted, and in 1665 an abridged translation of See also:

• BISHOP (A.S. bisceop, from Lat. episcopus, Gr. irio-Korros, " overlooker " or " overseer ")
• BISHOP, ISABELLA (1832-1904)
• BISHOP, SIR HENRY ROWLEY (1786-1855)

Bishop See also:

• BAYLY, THOMAS HAYNES (1797–1839)

Bayly's Practice of Piety . With the assistance of his sons he completed (1664) his well-known Indian See also:

• GRAMMAR (from Lat. grammatica, sc. ars; Gr. ypaµ)

Grammar Begun, printed at Cambridge, Massachusetts, in 1666 . It was reprinted in vol. ix. of the Collections of the Massachusetts See also:

• HISTORICAL

Historical Society . The Indian Primer, comprising an exposition of the Lord's Prayer and a translation of the Larger Catechism, was published at Cambridge in 1669, and was reprinted under the editorial superintendence of Mr John Small of the university of 'See also:

• EDINBURGH

Edinburgh in 1577 . In 1671 Eliot printed in See also:

• ENGLISH

English a little See also:

• VOLUME

volume entitled Indian Dialogues, followed in 1672 by his Logick Primer, both of which were intended for the instruction of the Indians in English . His last translation was Thomas Shepard's Sincere Convert, completed and published by See also:

• GRINDAL, EDMUND (c. 1519–1583)

Grindal Rawson in 1689 . Eliot's See also:

• LITERARY

literary activity, however, extended into other See also:

• FIELDS, JAMES THOMAS (1817-1881)

fields than that of Indian instruction . He was, with See also:

• RICHARD
• RICHARD (d. 1184)
• RICHARD, FRANCOIS MARIE BENJAMIN (18,9-1908)
• RICHARD, HENRY (1812-1888)
• RICHARD, ST

Richard See also:

• MATHER, COTTON (1663-1728)
• MATHER, INCREASE (1639-1723)
• MATHER, RICHARD (1596-1668)

Mather, one of the editors of the See also:

• BAY

Bay See also:

• PSALM (from the Gr. word * hXAew, to play the harp)

Psalm Book (164o) . Several tracts written wholly or in See also:

• PART

part by him in the nature of reports to the society which supported his missions were published at various times in England . In 166o he published a curious See also:

• TREATISE

treatise on government entitled The Christian See also:

• COMMONWEALTH

Commonwealth, in which he found the ideal of government in the See also:

• ANCIENT
• ANCIENT (also spelt ANTIENT; derived, through the Fr. ancien, old, from the late Lat. antianum, from ante, before)

ancient Jewish See also:

• STATE
• STATE, GREAT OFFICERS OF

state, and proposed the reorganization of the English government on the basis of a numerical subdivision of the inhabitants . His See also:

• HARMONY (Gr. dpµovia, a concord of musical sounds, dpA'ew to join; &plan midi (sc. TeXvil)

Harmony of the Gospels (1678) was a See also:

• LIFE

life of Jesus Christ .