See also:

• ELI (Hebrew for "high"? i Sam. chaps. i.-iv.)

ELI (See also:

• HEBREW

Hebrew for "high"? i Sam. chaps. i.-iv.)  , a member of the See also:

• ANCIENT
• ANCIENT (also spelt ANTIENT; derived, through the Fr. ancien, old, from the late Lat. antianum, from ante, before)

ancient priesthood founded in See also:

• EGYPT

Egypt (1 Sam. ii . 27), See also:

• PRIEST (Ger. Priester, Fr. pretre)

priest of the See also:

• TEMPLE
• TEMPLE, FREDERICK (1821-1902)
• TEMPLE, RICHARD
• TEMPLE, SIR RICHARD, BART
• TEMPLE, SIR WILLIAM, BART

temple of See also:

• SHILOH
• SHILOH, BATTLE OF

Shiloh, the See also:

• SANCTUARY (from the late Lat. sanctuarium, a sacred place)

sanctuary of the See also:

• ARK (a word common to Teutonic languages, cf. Ger. Arche, adapted from the Lat. area, chest, cf. arcere, to shut up, enclose)„ a chest, basket or box. The Hebrew word tebah, translated in the' A.V. by " ark," is used in the Old Testament (1)

ark, and also " See also:

• JUDGE (Lat. judex, Fr. juge)

judge " over See also:

• ISRAEL (Hebrew for " God strives " or " rules "; see Gen. xxxii. 28; and the allusion in Hosea xii. 4)

Israel . This was an unusual See also:

• COMBINATION (Lat. combinare, to combine)

combination of offices, when it is considered that in the See also:

• HISTORY

history •preserved to us he appears in the weakness of extreme old See also:

• AGE (Fr. age, through late Lat. aetaticum, from aetas)

age, unable to See also:

• CONTROL (Fr. contrdle, older form contre rolle, from Med. Lat. contra-rotulus, a counter roll or copy of a document used to check the original; there is no instance in English of the use of " control " in this, its literal, meaning)

control the petulance and rapacity of his sons, Hophni and Phinehas, who disgraced the sanctuary and disgusted the See also:

• PEOPLE

people . While the central authority was thus weakened, the See also:

• PHILISTINES

Philistines advanced against Israel, and gained a See also:

• COMPLETE

complete victory in the See also:

• GREAT

great See also:

• BATTLE

battle of Ebenezer, where the ark was taken, and Hophni and Phinehas slain . On See also:

• HEARING (formed from the verb " to hear," O. Eng. hyran, heron, &c., a common Teutonic verb; cf. Ger. Koren, Dutch hooren, &c.; the O. Tent. form is seen in Goth. hausjan; the initial h makes any connexion with " ear," Lat. audire, or Gr. &Kobew very doub

hearing the See also:

• NEWS

news See also:

• ELI (Hebrew for "high"? i Sam. chaps. i.-iv.)

Eli See also:

• FELL
• FELL, JOHN (1625-1686)

fell from his seat and died . In a passage not unlike the See also:

• ACCOUNT
• ACCOUNT (through O. Fr. acont, Late Lat. comptum, cornputare, to calculate)

account of the See also:

• BIRTH (a word common in various forms to Teutonic languages from the root of the verb " to bear ")

birth of See also:

• BENJAMIN
• BENJAMIN, JUDAHPHILIP (1811-1884)

Benjamin (Gen. See also:

• XXXV

xxxv. r6 sqq.), it is added that the wife of Phinehas, overwhelmed at the loss of the ark and of her See also:

• HUSBAND

husband, died in See also:

• CHILD
• CHILD, FRANCIS JAMES (1825-1896)
• CHILD, L
• CHILD, LYDIA MARIA (1802-1880)
• CHILD, SIR FRANCIS (1642-1713)
• CHILD, SIR JOHN (d. 1690)
• CHILD, SIR JOSIAH (163o - 1699)

child-birth, naming the babe Ichabod (I Sam.iv . 19 sqq.) . This name, which popular See also:

• ETYMOLOGY (Gr. grvµos, true, and X6yos, "account)

etymology explained by the words " the See also:

• GLORY (through the O. Fr. glorie, modern gloire, from Lat. gloria, cognate with Gr. KXebs, abets)

glory is removed (or, stronger, ' banished ') from Israel " (cf . Hos. x . 5), should perhaps be altered from I-kdbod (as though " not glory ") to Jochebed (Yokebed, a slight See also:

• CHANGE (derived through the Fr. from the Late Lat. cambium, cambiare, to barter; the ultimate derivation is probably from the root which appears in the Gr. «a urmu', to bend)

change in the See also:

• ORIGINAL

original), the name which tradition also gave to the See also:

• MOTHER

mother of See also:

• MOSES (Gr. Mwvo c, Mcoo-i3s)
• MOSES, ASSUMPTION OF

Moses (q.v.) . After these events the sanctuary of Shiloh appears to have been destroyed (cf . Jers vii .

12, See also:

• XXVI

xxvi . 6, 9), and the descendants of Eli with the whole of their See also:

• CLAN (Gaelic clann, O. Ir. cland, connected with Lat. planta, shoot or scion, the ancient Gaelic or Goidelic substituting k for p)

clan or " See also:

• FATHER

father's See also:

• HOUSE
• HOUSE (O. Eng. hiss, a word common to Teutonic languages, cf. Dut. huis, Ger. Haus; in Gothic it is only found in gudhiss, a temple; it may be ultimately connected with the root of " hide," conceal)

house " subsequently appear as settled at Ncb (1 Sam. xxi . 1, xxii . 11 sqq., cp. xiv . 3), perhaps in the immediate neighbourhood of See also:

• JERUSALEM (Heb. ^S0-r, Yerushalaim, pronounced as a dual)
• JERUSALEM, SYNOD OF (1672)

Jerusalem (Is. x . 32) . In the See also:

• MASSACRE

massacre of the clan by See also:

• SAUL (Heb. shd'ul, " asked ")

Saul, and the subsequent substitution of the survivor See also:

• ABIATHAR (Heb. Ebyathar, "the [divine] father is pre-eminent")

Abiathar by Zadok (1 See also:

• KINGS, FIRST AND SECOND BOOKS OF

Kings ii . 27, 35), later writers saw the fulfilment of the prophecies of See also:

• JUDGMENT

judgment which was said to have been uttered in the days of Eli against his corrupt house (1 Sam. ii . 27 sqq., iii . 11 sqq.).' See further, See also:

• SAMUEL

SAMUEL, BOOKS OF; and on Eli as a descendant of a Leviteclan (1 Sam. ii 27 sq.), see See also:

• LEVITES

LEVITES (§ 3) . W.R.S.; S.A.C.) See also:

• ELIAS, JOHN (1774-1841)

ELIAS, of See also:

• CORTONA

Cortona (c . 1180-1253), See also:

• DISCIPLE

disciple of St See also:

• FRANCIS
• FRANCIS (FRarrcols) OF SALES, ST (1567-1622)
• FRANCIS (Lat. Franciscus, Ital. Francesco, Span. Francisco, Fr. Francois, Ger. Franz)
• FRANCIS, SIR PHILIP (174o-1818)

Francis of See also:

• ASSISI (anc. Asisium)

Assisi, was See also:

• BORN, IGNAZ, EDLER VON (1742–1791)

born near Assisi, about 118o, of the working class, but became schoolmaster at Assisi and then See also:

• NOTARY, or NOTARY PUBLIC

notary at See also:

• BOLOGNA
• BOLOGNA, GIOVANNI DA (1524–1608)

Bologna, In 1217 he was the See also:

• HEAD (in 0. Eng. heafad; the word is common to Teutonic languages; cf. Dutch hoofd, Ger. Haupt, generally taken to be in origin connected with Lat. caput, Gr. KerbOvi7)
• HEAD, SIR EDMUND WALKER, BART
• HEAD, SIR FRANCIS BOND, BART

head of the Franciscan See also:

• MISSION

mission to the See also:

• HOLY

Holy See also:

• LAND

Land, and in 1219 St Francis made him first provincial See also:

• MINISTER (Lat. minister, servant)

minister of See also:

• SYRIA

Syria .

When St Francis was recalled from the See also:

• EAST
• EAST, ALFRED (1849- )

East in 1220 he brought Elias with him . Elias played a leading See also:

• PART

part in the See also:

• EARLY
• EARLY, JUBAL ANDERSON (1816-1894)

early history of the Franciscan See also:

• ORDER
• ORDER (through Fr. ordre, for earlier ordene, from Lat. ordo, ordinis, rank, service, arrangement; the ultimate source is generally taken to be the root seen in Lat. oriri, rise, arise, begin; cf. " origin ")
• ORDER, HOLY

order (see See also:

• FRANCISCANS (otherwise called Friars Minor, or Minorites; also the Seraphic Order ; and in England Grey Friars, from the colour of the habit, which, however, is now brown rather than grey)

FRANCISCANS) ; Francis made him his See also:

• VICAR (Lat. vicarius, substitute)

vicar See also:

• GENERAL
• GENERAL (Lat. generalis, of or relating to a genus, kind or class)

general in 1221; and he was the See also:

• PRACTICAL

practical acting See also:

• SUPERIOR

superior of the order till Francis' See also:

• DEATH

death in 1226, and the real superior till the general See also:

• CHAPTER (a shortened form of chapiter, a word still used in architecture for a capital; derived from O. Fr. chapitre, Lat. capitellum, diminutive of caput, head)

chapter of 1227 . This chapter did not elect him minister general, but that of 1232 did; at the chapter of 1239 he was deposed . During these years he erected the See also:

• BASILICA

basilica and monastery at Assisi which were entirely his creation—he collected the funds and carried the See also:

• WORK

work through, being himself the builder and even the architect . Elias was a See also:

• MAN
• MAN, ISLE OF (anc. Mona)

man of extraordinary ability, the friend both of See also:

• GREGORY
• GREGORY (Gregorius)
• GREGORY (Grigorii) GRIGORIEVICH ORLOV, COUNT (1734-1783)
• GREGORY, EDWARD JOHN (1850-19o9)
• GREGORY, OLINTHUS GILBERT (1774—1841)
• GREGORY, ST (c. 213-C. 270)
• GREGORY, ST, OF NAZIANZUS (329–389)
• GREGORY, ST, OF NYSSA (c.331—c. 396)
• GREGORY, ST, OF TOURS (538-594)

Gregory IX. and of his opponent See also:

• FREDERICK
• FREDERICK (Mod. Ger. Friedrich; Ital. Federigo; Fr. Frederic and Federic; M.H.G. Friderich; O.H.G. Fridurih, " king or lord of peace," from O.H.G. fridu, A.S. frith, " peace," and rfh " rich," " a ruler," for derivation of which see HENRY)

Frederick II . After his deposition Elias joined the party of the See also:

• EMPEROR (Fr. empereur, from the Lat. imperator)

emperor and so incurred See also:

• EXCOMMUNICATION (Lat. ex, out of, away from; communis, common)

excommunication . Frederick sent him as See also:

• AMBASSADOR (also EMBASSADOR, the form sometimes still used in America; from the Fr. ambassadeur, with which compare Ital. ambasciatore and Span. embajador, all variants of the Med. Lat. ambassiator, ambassiator, ambasator, &c., derived from Med. Lat. amba

ambassador to See also:

• CONSTANTINOPLE
• CONSTANTINOPLE, COUNCILS OF

Constantinople . He dressed and lived as a Franciscan throughout and a small number of friars adhered to him; for these he built a See also:

• CHURCH
• CHURCH (according to most authorities derived from the Gr. Kvpcaxov [&wµa], " the Lord's [house]," and common to many Teutonic, Slavonic and other languages under various forms—Scottish kirk, Ger. Kirche, Swed. kirka, Dan. kirke, Russ. tserkov, Buig. cerk
• CHURCH, FREDERICK EDWIN (1826-1900)
• CHURCH, GEORGE EARL (1835–1910)
• CHURCH, RICHARD WILLIAM (1815–189o)
• CHURCH, SIR RICHARD (1784–1873)

church and monastery at Cortona . Unavailing efforts were made to bring about his reconciliation with the order and the Church; at last on his death-See also:

• BED
• BED (a common Teutonic word, cf. German Bett, probably connected with the Indo-European root bhodh, seen in the Lat. fodere, to dig; so " a dug-out place " for safe resting, or in the same sense as a garden " bed ")

bed he made his submission to the See also:

• POPE (Gr. irarraas, post-classical Lat. papa, father)
• POPE, ALEXANDER (1688–1744)
• POPE, ALEXANDER (1763-1835)
• POPE, JANE (1742-1818)
• POPE, JOHN (1822-1892)
• POPE, SIR THOMAS (c. 1507-1559)

pope and died in 1253, having received the Sacraments . The best account of Elias is that by Ed . Lempp, See also:

• FRERE, JOHN HOOKHAM (1769-1846)
• FRERE, PIERRE EDOUARD (1819-1886)
• FRERE, SIR HENRY BARTLE EDWARD (1815-1884)

Frere See also:

• ELIE

Elie de Cortone (1901), who points out the conflict of view, as to the relations between Elias and Francis, between the See also:

• SPECULUM

Speculum perfectionis and the First See also:

• LIFE

Life, by See also:

• THOMAS
• THOMAS (c. 1654-1720)
• THOMAS (d. 110o)
• THOMAS, ARTHUR GORING (1850-1892)
• THOMAS, CHARLES LOUIS AMBROISE (1811-1896)
• THOMAS, GEORGE (c. 1756-1802)
• THOMAS, GEORGE HENRY (1816-187o)
• THOMAS, ISAIAH (1749-1831)
• THOMAS, PIERRE (1634-1698)
• THOMAS, SIDNEY GILCHRIST (1850-1885)
• THOMAS, ST
• THOMAS, THEODORE (1835-1905)
• THOMAS, WILLIAM (d. 1554)

Thomas of See also:

• CELANO

Celano; Lempp and See also:

• SABATIER, LOUIS AUGUSTE (1839-1901)

Sabatier accept the hostile picture given by the Speculum perfectionis . But see further FRANCIS OF AssIsI, See also:

• SAINT (lat. sanctus, " holy ")

SAINT, " See also:

• NOTE
• NOTE (Lat. nota, mark, sign, from noscere, to know)

Note on See also:

• SOURCES

Sources," and especially the articles by See also:

• GOETZ, HERMANN (184o-1876)

Goetz, there referred to, in the Hist .

Vierteljahrsschrift There is a See also:

• GOOD, JOHN MASON (1764-1827)

good See also:

• ARTICLE (from Lat. articulus, a joint)

article on Elias, but written before the new materials had been produced, in Wetzer and Welte, Kirchenlexicon (ed . 2) . (E . C .