See also:

• EPHORUS (c. 400–330 B.C.)

EPHORUS (c. 400–330 B.C.)  , of Cyme in See also:

• AEOLIS (AEOLIA)

Aeolis, in See also:

• ASIA

Asia See also:

• MINOR
• MINOR (Lat. for smaller, lesser)
• MINOR, ROBERT CRANNELL (1839-1904)

Minor, See also:

• GREEK
• GREEK, ETRUSCAN AND

Greek historian . Together with the historian See also:

• THEOPOMPUS (b. c. 380)

Theopompus he was a See also:

• PUPIL (Lat. pupillus, orphan, minor, dim. of pupus, boy, allied to puer, from root pm- or peu-, to beget, cf. "pupa," Lat. for " doll," the name given to the stage intervening between the larval and imaginal stages in certain insects)

pupil of Isocrates, in whose school he attended two courses of See also:

• RHETORIC (Gr. psroperctj TEXvq, the art of the orator)

rhetoric . But he does not seem to have made much progress in the See also:

• ART

art, and it is said to have been at the See also:

• SUGGESTION

suggestion of Isocrates himself that he took up See also:

• LITERARY

literary See also:

• COMPOSITION
• COMPOSITION (Lat. compositio, from componere, to put together)

composition and the study of See also:

• HISTORY

history . The See also:

• FRUIT (through the French from the Lat. fructus; frui, to enjoy)

fruit of his labours was his `IrTopiaL in 29 books, the first universal history, beginning with the return of the See also:

• HERACLIDAE

Heraclidae to See also:

• PELOPONNESUS (" Island of Pelops ")

Peloponnesus, as the first well-attested See also:

• HISTORICAL

historical event . The whole See also:

• WORK

work was edited by his son Demophilus, who added a 36th See also:

• BOOK

book, containing a See also:

• SUMMARY

summary description of the Social See also:

• WAR
• WAR (O. Eng. werre, Fr. guerre, of Teutonic origin; cf. O.H.G. werran, to confound)

War and ending with the taking of See also:

• PERINTHUS (Turk. Eski Eregli, old Heraclea)

Perinthus (340) by See also:

• PHILIP
• PHILIP (Gr.'FiXtrsro , fond of horses, from dn)^eiv, to love, and limos, horse; Lat. Philip pus, whence e.g. M. H. Ger. Philippes, Dutch Filips, and, with dropping of the final s, It. Filippo, Fr. Philippe, Ger. Philipp, Sp. Felipe)
• PHILIP, JOHN (1775-1851)
• PHILIP, KING (c. 1639-1676)
• PHILIP, LANOGRAVE OF HESSE (1504-1567)

Philip of Macedon (cf . Diod . Sic. xvi . 14 with xvi . 76) . Each book was See also:

• COMPLETE

complete in itself, and had a See also:

• SEPARATE

separate See also:

• TITLE (0. Fr. title, mod. titre, from Lat. titulus)

title and See also:

• PREFACE (Med. Lat. prefatia, for classical praefatio, praefari, to speak beforehand)

preface . It is clear that See also:

• EPHORUS (c. 400–330 B.C.)

Ephorus made See also:

• CRITICAL (in alphabetical order of authors)

critical use of the best authorities, and his work, highly praised and much read, was freely See also:

• DRAWN

drawn upon by Diodorus Siculus 1 and other compilers . See also:

• STRABO (born c. 63 n.c.)

Strabo (viii. p .

332) attaches much importance to his See also:

• GEOGRAPHICAL

geographical investigations, and praises him for being the first to separate the historical from the merely geographical See also:

• ELEMENT (Lat. elementum)

element . See also:

• POLYBIUS (c. 204–122 B.C.)

Polybius (xii . 25 g) while crediting him with a knowledge of the conditions of See also:

• NAVAL

naval warfare, ridicules his description of the battles of See also:

• LEUCTRA

Leuctra and See also:

• MANTINEIA, or MANTINEA

Mantineia as showing See also:

• IGNORANCE (Lat. ignorantia, from ignorare, not to know); want of knowledge, a state of mind which in law has important consequences. A well-known legal maxim runs: ignorantia juris non excusat ("ignorance of the law does not excuse")

ignorance of the nature of See also:

• LAND

land operations . He was further to be commended for See also:

• DRAWING

drawing (though not always) a See also:

• SHARP, GRANVILLE (1735-1813)
• SHARP, JAMES (1618-1679)
• SHARP, JOHN (1645-1714)
• SHARP, RICHARD (1759-1835)
• SHARP, WILLIAM (1749-1824)
• SHARP, WILLIAM (1856-1905)

sharp See also:

• LINE

line of demarcation between the mythical and historical (Strabo ix. p . 423); he even recognized that a profusion of detail, though lending corroborative force to accounts of See also:

• RECENT

recent events, is ground for suspicion in reports of far-distant history . His See also:

• STYLE
• STYLE (from Gr. a-6'1ms, a column; a different word from that used in literature, see below)

style was high-flown and artificial, as was natural considering his See also:

• EARLY
• EARLY, JUBAL ANDERSON (1816-1894)

early training, and he frequently sacrificed truth to rhetoric effect; but, according to See also:

• DIONYSIUS
• DIONYSIUS (c. 432–367 B.C.)

Dionysius of See also:

• HALICARNASSUS (mod. Budrum)

Halicarnassus, he and Theopompus were the only historical writers whose See also:

• LANGUAGE (adapted from the Fr. langage, from langue, tongue, Lat. lingua)

language was accurate and finished . Other See also:

• WORKS

works attributed to him were: —A See also:

• TREATISE

Treatise on Discoveries; Respecting See also:

• GOOD, JOHN MASON (1764-1827)

Good and Evil Things; On Remarkable Things in Various Countries (it is doubtful whether these were separate works, or merely extracts from the Histories) ; A Treatise on my See also:

• COUNTRY (from the Mid. Eng. contre or contrie, and O. Fr. cuntree; Late Lat. contrata, showing the derivation from contra, opposite, over against, thus the tract of land which fronts the sight, cf. Ger. Gegend, neighbourhood)

Country, on the history and antiquities of Cyme, and an See also:

• ESSAY, ESSAYIST (Fr. essai, Late Lat. exagium, a weighing or balance; exigere, to examine; the term in general meaning any trial or effort)

essay On Style, his only rhetorical work, which is occasionally mentioned by the rhetorician See also:

• THEON
• THEON, AELIUS

Theon . Nothing is known of his See also:

• LIFE

life, except the statement in See also:

• PLUTARCH
• PLUTARCH (Gr. llXoi rapxos) (c. A.D. 46–120)

Plutarch that he declined to visit the See also:

• COURT
• COURT (from the O. Fr. court, Late Lat. cortis, curtis, a popular form of class. Lat. cohors, gen. cohortis; the mod. Fr. form tour is due to the influence of the Lat. curia, the word used in medieval documents to translate " court " in the feudal sense)
• COURT, ANTOINE (1696-176o)

court of See also:

• ALEXANDER
• ALEXANDER (1461-1506)
• ALEXANDER (ALEXANDER OF BATTENBERG) (1857-1893)
• ALEXANDER (ALEXANDER OsxENOVici) (1876-1903)
• ALEXANDER, ARCHIBALD (1772—1851)
• ALEXANDER, FRANCIS (1800—1881)
• ALEXANDER, GEORGE (1858— )
• ALEXANDER, JOHN WHITE (1856- )
• ALEXANDER, JOSEPH ADDISON (18o9—186o)
• ALEXANDER, SIR JAMES EDWARD (1803—1885)
• ALEXANDER, WILLIAM (1824— )
• ALEXANDER, WILLIAM LINDSAY (1808—1884)

Alexander the See also:

• GREAT

Great . Fragments in C . W . See also:

• MULLER, FERDINAND VON, BARON (1825–1896)
• MULLER, FRIEDRICH (1749-1825)
• MULLER, GEORGE (1805-1898)
• MULLER, JOHANNES PETER (18o1-1858)
• MULLER, JOHANNES VON (1752-1809)
• MULLER, JULIUS (18oi-1878)
• MULLER, KARL OTFRIED (1797-1840)
• MULLER, LUCIAN (1836-1898)
• MULLER, WILHELM (1794-1827)
• MULLER, WILLIAM JAMES (1812-1845)

Muller, Fragmenta historicorum Graecorum, i., with critical introduction on the life and writings of Ephorus; see J . A .

Klugmann, De Ephoro historico (186o) ; C . A . Volquardsen, Untersuchungen fiber See also:

• DIE
• DIE (Fr. de, from Lat. datum, given)

die Quellen der griechischen and sicilischen Geschichten bei Diodor. xi.-xvi . (1868) ; and specially J . B . See also:

• BURY
• BURY, JOHN BAGNELL (1861- )

Bury, See also:

• ANCIENT
• ANCIENT (also spelt ANTIENT; derived, through the Fr. ancien, old, from the late Lat. antianum, from ante, before)

Ancient Greek Historians (1909); E . Schwartz, in Pauly-Wissowa, Realencyc. s.v.; and See also:

• ARTICLE (from Lat. articulus, a joint)

article See also:

• GREECE

GREECE: History: Ancient Authorities .