ALONSO DE ERCILLA Y ZUNIGA (1533-1595)  , See also:

• SPANISH

Spanish soldier and poet, was See also:

• BORN, IGNAZ, EDLER VON (1742–1791)

born in See also:

• MADRID

Madrid on the 7th of See also:

• AUGUST (originally Sextilis)

August 1533 . In 1548 he was appointed See also:

• PAGE
• PAGE, THOMAS NELSON (1853- )
• PAGE, WILLIAM (1811-1885)

page to the See also:

• HEIR (Lat. heres, from a root meaning to grasp, seen in heres or erus, master of a house, Gr. xeip, hand, Sans. hat ana, hand)

heir-apparent, afterwards See also:

• PHILIP
• PHILIP (Gr.'FiXtrsro , fond of horses, from dn)^eiv, to love, and limos, horse; Lat. Philip pus, whence e.g. M. H. Ger. Philippes, Dutch Filips, and, with dropping of the final s, It. Filippo, Fr. Philippe, Ger. Philipp, Sp. Felipe)
• PHILIP, JOHN (1775-1851)
• PHILIP, KING (c. 1639-1676)
• PHILIP, LANOGRAVE OF HESSE (1504-1567)

Philip II . In this capacity Ercilla visited See also:

• ITALY
• ITALY (Italia)

Italy, See also:

• GERMANY
• GERMANY (Ger. Deutschland)

Germany and the See also:

• NETHERLANDS

Netherlands, and was See also:

• PRESENT

present in 1554 at the See also:

• MARRIAGE

marriage of his See also:

• MASTER (Lat. magister, related to tnagis, more, as the corresponding minister is to minus, less; the English form is due partly to the O. Eng. maegister, and partly to O. Fr. maistre, mod. maitre; cf. Du. meester, Ger. Meister, Ital. maestro)

master to See also:

• MARY
• MARY (1457-1482)
• MARY (1496-1533)
• MARY, QUEEN OF SCOTS

Mary of See also:

• ENGLAND
• ENGLAND, THE CHURCH OF

England . See also:

• HEARING (formed from the verb " to hear," O. Eng. hyran, heron, &c., a common Teutonic verb; cf. Ger. Koren, Dutch hooren, &c.; the O. Tent. form is seen in Goth. hausjan; the initial h makes any connexion with " ear," Lat. audire, or Gr. &Kobew very doub

Hearing that an expedition was preparing to subdue the See also:

• ARAUCANIANS (or AucA)

Araucanians of See also:

• CHILE, or CHILI (derived, it is said, from the Quichua chin , cold, or tchili, snow)

Chile, he joined the adventurers . He distinguished himself in the ensuing See also:

• CAMPAIGN

campaign; but, having quarrelled with a comrade, he was condemned to See also:

• DEATH

death in 1558 by his See also:

• GENERAL
• GENERAL (Lat. generalis, of or relating to a genus, kind or class)

general, See also:

• GARCIA
• GARCIA (DEL POPOLO VICENTO), MANOEL (1775-1832)

Garcia Hurtado de See also:

• MENDOZA
• MENDOZA, ANTONIO HURTADO DE (1593?-1644)
• MENDOZA, DIEGO HURTADO DE (1503-1575)
• MENDOZA, PEDRO GONZALEZ DE (1428-1495)

Mendoza . The See also:

• SENTENCE (Lat. sententia, a way of thinking, opinion, judgment; vote, sentire, to feel, think)

sentence was commuted to imprisonment, but Ercilla was speedily released and fought at the See also:

• BATTLE

battle of Quipeo (14th of See also:

• DECEMBER (Lat. decent, ten)

December 1558) . He returned to See also:

• SPAIN
• SPAIN (Espana)

Spain in 1562, visited Italy, See also:

• FRANCE
• FRANCE, ANATOLE (1844– )

France, Germany, Bohemia, and in 1570 married Maria de Bazan, a See also:

• LADY (0. Eng. hlaefdige, Mid. Eng. ldfdi, lavedi; the first part of the word is hldf, loaf, bread, as in the corresponding hldford, lord; the second part is usually taken to be from the root dig-, to knead, seen also in " dough "; the sense development fr

lady distantly connected with the See also:

• SANTA

Santa Cruz See also:

• FAMILY

family; in 1571 he was made See also:

• KNIGHT, CHARLES (1791-1873)
• KNIGHT, DANIEL RIDGWAY (1845– )
• KNIGHT, JOHN BUXTON (1843–1908)

knight of the See also:

• ORDER
• ORDER (through Fr. ordre, for earlier ordene, from Lat. ordo, ordinis, rank, service, arrangement; the ultimate source is generally taken to be the root seen in Lat. oriri, rise, arise, begin; cf. " origin ")
• ORDER, HOLY

order of See also:

• SANTIAGO, or SANTIAGO DE CHILE

Santiago, and in 1578 he was employed by Philip II. on a See also:

• MISSION

mission to See also:

• SARAGOSSA (Zaragoza)
• SARAGOSSA, COUNCILS OF (Concilia Caesarauguslana)

Saragossa . He complained of living in poverty but See also:

• LEFT

left a modest See also:

• FORTUNE, ROBERT (1813-188o)

fortune, and was obviously disappointed at not being offered the See also:

• POST

post of secretary of See also:

• STATE
• STATE, GREAT OFFICERS OF

state . His See also:

• PRINCIPAL

principal See also:

• WORK

work is La Araucana, a poem based on the events of the See also:

• WARS

wars in which he had been engaged . It consists of three parts, of which the first, composed in Chile and published in 1569, is a versified narrative adhering strictly to historic fact; the second, published in 1578, is en-cumbered with visions and other romantic machinery; and the third, which appeared in 1589-1590, contains, in addition to the subject proper, a variety of episodes mostly irrelevant . This so-called epic lacks symmetry, and has been over-praised by Cervantes and See also:

• VOLTAIRE, FRANCOIS MARIE AROUET DE (1694–1778)

Voltaire; but it is written in excellent Spanish, and is full of vivid rhetorical passages . An See also:

• ANALYSIS (Gr. avci and Meta, to break up into parts)

analysis of the poem was given by See also:

• HAYLEY, WILLIAM (1745—1820)

Hayley in his See also:

• ESSAY, ESSAYIST (Fr. essai, Late Lat. exagium, a weighing or balance; exigere, to examine; the term in general meaning any trial or effort)

Essay on Epic See also:

• POETRY

Poetry (1782) .

A See also:

• GOOD, JOHN MASON (1764-1827)

good See also:

• BIOGRAPHY (from the Gr. (3ios, life, and yp&4 , writing)

biography precedes the Morceaux choisis (See also:

• PARIS
• PARIS (also called ALEXANDROS)
• PARIS, ALEXIS PAULIN (1800-x881)
• PARIS, BRUNO PAULIN GASTON (1839-1903)
• PARIS, FRANCOIS DE (169o-1727)
• PARIS, LOUIS PHILIPPE ALBERT
• PARIS, TREATIES OF (1814-1815)

Paris, 1900) by See also:

• JEAN

Jean Ducamin . ERCKMANN-CHATRIAN, the See also:

• JOINT (through Fr. from Lat. junctum, jungere, to join)

joint names of two See also:

• FRENCH
• FRENCH, DANIEL CHESTER (1850– )
• FRENCH, NICHOLAS (1604-1678)

French writers whose collaboration made their work that of, so to speak, one See also:

• PERSONALITY (from Lat. persona, originally an actor's mask, from personare,1 to sound through)

personality . SMILE ERCKMANN (1822—1899) was born on the 20th of May 182 2 at Phalsbourg, and See also:

• LOUIS
• LOUIS (804–876)
• LOUIS (893–911)
• LOUIS, JOSEPH DOMINIQUE, BARON (1755-1837)
• LOUIS, or LEWIS (from the Frankish Chlodowich, Chlodwig, Latinized as Chlodowius, Lodhuwicus, Lodhuvicus, whence-in the Strassburg oath of 842-0. Fr. Lodhuwigs, then Chlovis, Loys and later Louis, whence Span. Luiz and—through the Angevin kings—Hungarian

Louis GRATIEN See also:

• CHARLES
• CHARLES (1270-1325)
• CHARLES (1421-1461)
• CHARLES (1525-1574)
• CHARLES (c. 1319-1364)
• CHARLES (Fr. Charles; Span. Carlos; Ital. Carlo; Ger. Karl; derived from O.H.G. Charal,latinized as Carolus, meaning originally " man ": cf. Mod.Ger., Kerl," fellow," A.S. ceorl, Mod. Eng. " churl ")
• CHARLES (KARL EITEL ZEPHYRIN LUDWIG; in Rum. CAROL)
• CHARLES [KARL ALEXANDER] (1712-1780)
• CHARLES, ELIZABETH (1828-1896)
• CHARLES, JACQUES ALEXANDRE CESAR (1746-1823)
• CHARLES, THOMAS (1755-1814)

CHARLES See also:

• ALEXANDRE, NOEL (NATALIS ALEXANDER) (1639-1724)

ALEXANDRE CHATRIAN (1826—189o) on the 18th of December 1826 at Soldatenthal, See also:

• LORRAINE

Lorraine . In 1847 they began to write together, and continued doing so till 1889 . Chatrian died in 1890 at Villemomble near Paris, and Erckmann at See also:

• LUNEVILLE

Luneville in 1899 . The See also:

• LIST (O.E. lisle, a Teutonic word, cf. Dut. lust, Ger. Leiste, adapted in Ital. lista and Fr. lisle)
• LIST, FRIEDRICH (1789-1846)

list of their publications is a See also:

• LONG, GEORGE (1800-1879)
• LONG, JOHN DAVIS (1838– )

long one, ranging from the Histoires et contes fantastiques (1849; reprinted from the temocrate du Rhin), L'Illustre Docteur See also:

• MAT (O. Eng. meatt, from late Lat. mattes, whence Ital. mallet, Ger. and Dan. matte, Du. mat, &c.)

Mat/thus (1859), Madame Therese (1863), L'Ami Fritz (1864), Histoire d'un conscrit de 1813 (1864), See also:

• WATERLOO

Waterloo (1865), Le Blocus (1867), Histoire d'un paysan .. (4 vols., 1868-1870), L'Histoire du See also:

• PLEBISCITE (Lat. plebiscitum, a decree of the plebs)

plebiscite (1872), to Le Grandpere Lebigue (188o) ; besides dramas like Le Juif polonais (1869) and See also:

• LES

Les Rantzau (1882) . Without any See also:

• SPECIAL

special See also:

• LITERARY

literary claim, their stories are distinguished by simplicity and genuine descriptive See also:

• POWER [WILLIAM GRATTAN] TYRONE (1797-1841)

power, particularly in the battle scenes and in connexion with Alsatian See also:

• PEASANT (O. Fr. paysant, Mod. paysan; Lat. pagensis, belonging to the pagus or country; cf. " pagan ")

peasant See also:

• LIFE

life . They are marked by a genuine democratic spirit, and by real patriotism, which See also:

• DEVELOPED

developed after 187o into hatred of the Germans . The authors attacked militarism by depicting the horrors of See also:

• WAR
• WAR (O. Eng. werre, Fr. guerre, of Teutonic origin; cf. O.H.G. werran, to confound)

war in the plainest terms . See also J .