See also:

• JOHN
• JOHN (1167–1216)
• JOHN (1290-c. 1320)
• JOHN (1296-1346)
• JOHN (1371–1419)
• JOHN (1468-1532)
• JOHN (1801-1873)
• JOHN (Heb. llni')
• JOHN (ZAPOLYA) (1487-1540)
• JOHN, 4TH MARQUESS OF TWEEDDALE (c. 1695-1762)
• JOHN, DON (1545-1578)
• JOHN, DON (1629–1679)
• JOHN, GOSPEL OF ST
• JOHN, or HAYS (1513–1571)
• JOHN, THE APOSTLE
• JOHN, THE EPISTLES OF

JOHN See also:

• JOHN ERICSSQN (1803-1889); Swedish-American naval engineer, was born at Langbanshyttan, Wermland, Sweden, on the 31st of July 1803. He was the second son of Olaf Ericsson, an inspector of mines, who died in 1818. Showing from his earliest years a strong

ERICSSQN (1803-1889); See also:

• SWEDISH

Swedish-See also:

• AMERICAN

American See also:

• NAVAL

naval engineer, was See also:

• BORN, IGNAZ, EDLER VON (1742–1791)

born at Langbanshyttan, Wermland, See also:

• SWEDEN
• SWEDEN [Sverige]
• SWEDEN, NORWAY AND

Sweden, on the 31st of See also:

• JULY

July 1803. He was the second son of See also:

• OLAF
• OLAF (II.)
• OLAF, or ANLAF (d. 981)

Olaf Ericsson, an inspector of mines, who died in 1818. Showing from his earliest years a strong  See also:

• MECHANICAL

mechanical See also:

• BENT
• BENT (E1. BENI)
• BENT, JAMES THEODORE (1852–1897)

bent, See also:

• YOUNG
• YOUNG, A
• YOUNG, ARTHUR (1741-1820)
• YOUNG, BRIGHAM (1801-1877)
• YOUNG, CHARLES MAYNE (1777–1856)
• YOUNG, EDWARD (1683–1765)
• YOUNG, JAMES (1811-1883)
• YOUNG, THOMAS (1773-1829)

young Ericsson, at the See also:

• AGE (Fr. age, through late Lat. aetaticum, from aetas)

age of twelve, was employed as a draughtsman by the See also:

• SWEDISH

Swedish See also:

• CANAL
• CANAL (from Lat. canalis, " channel " and " kennel " being doublets of the word)

Canal See also:

• COMPANY

Company . From 182o to 1827 he served in the See also:

• ARMY
• ARMY (from Fr. armee, Lat. armata)

army, where his See also:

• DRAWING

drawing and military maps attracted the See also:

• ATTENTION (from Lat. ad-tendo, await, expect; the condition of being " stretched " or " tense ")

attention of the See also:

• KING
• KING (O. Eng. cyning, abbreviated into cyng, cing; cf. O. H. G. chun- kuning, chun- kunig, M.H.G. kiinic, kiinec, kiinc, Mod. Ger. Konig, O. Norse konungr, kongr, Swed. konung, kung)
• KING [OF OCKHAM], PETER KING, 1ST BARON (1669-1734)
• KING, CHARLES WILLIAM (1818-1888)
• KING, CLARENCE (1842–1901)
• KING, EDWARD (1612–1637)
• KING, EDWARD (1829–1910)
• KING, HENRY (1591-1669)
• KING, RUFUS (1755–1827)
• KING, THOMAS (1730–1805)
• KING, WILLIAM (1650-1729)
• KING, WILLIAM (1663–1712)

king, and he soon attained the See also:

• RANK (O.Fr. rant or rent, mod. rang, generally connected with the O.E. and O.H.G. bring, a ring)

rank of See also:

• CAPTAIN (derived from Lat. ca put, head, through the Low Lat. capitanus)

captain . In 1826 he went to See also:

• LONDON

London, at first on leave of See also:

• ABSENCE (Lat. absentia)

absence from his See also:

• REGIMENT (from Late Latin regimentum, rule, regere, to rule, govern, direct)

regiment, and in See also:

• PARTNERSHIP (earlier forms, partener, parcener, from Late Lat. partionarius for partitionarius, from partitio, sharing, pars, part)

partnership with See also:

• JOHN
• JOHN (1167–1216)
• JOHN (1290-c. 1320)
• JOHN (1296-1346)
• JOHN (1371–1419)
• JOHN (1468-1532)
• JOHN (1801-1873)
• JOHN (Heb. llni')
• JOHN (ZAPOLYA) (1487-1540)
• JOHN, 4TH MARQUESS OF TWEEDDALE (c. 1695-1762)
• JOHN, DON (1545-1578)
• JOHN, DON (1629–1679)
• JOHN, GOSPEL OF ST
• JOHN, or HAYS (1513–1571)
• JOHN, THE APOSTLE
• JOHN, THE EPISTLES OF

John Braithwaite constructed the " Novelty," a See also:

• LOCOMOTIVE

locomotive See also:

• ENGINE
• ENGINE (Lat. ingenium)

engine for the See also:

• LIVERPOOL
• LIVERPOOL, EARLS
• LIVERPOOL, EARLS OF

Liverpool & See also:

• MANCHESTER
• MANCHESTER (popularly Manchester-by-the-Sea)
• MANCHESTER, EARLS AND DUKES OF

Manchester railway competition at Rainhill in 1829, when the See also:

• PRIZE, or PRIZE OF WAR (Fr. prise, from prendre, to take)

prize, however, was won by See also:

• STEPHENSON, GEORGE (1781–1848)
• STEPHENSON, O
• STEPHENSON, ROBERT (1803-1859)

Stephenson's " See also:

• ROCKET

Rocket." The number of Ericsson's inventions at this See also:

• PERIOD
• PERIOD (Gr. irepioSos, a going or way round, circuit, aepi, round, and &Sis, way, road)

period was very See also:

• GREAT

great . Among other things he worked out a See also:

• PLAN
• PLAN (from Lat. planes, flat)

plan for marine engines placed entirely below the See also:

• WATER

water-See also:

• LINE

line . Such engines were made for the " Victory," for Captain (afterwards See also:

• SIR

Sir) John See also:

• ROSS
• ROSS, ALEXANDER (1699-1784)
• ROSS, GEORGE WILLIAM (1841- )
• ROSS, JOHN, or KOOESKOOWE (179o-1866)
• ROSS, ROBERT (1766-1814)
• ROSS, SIR HEW DALRYMPLE (1779-1868)
• ROSS, SIR JAMES CLARK (1800-1862)
• ROSS, SIR JOHN (1777-1856)

Ross's voyage to the See also:

• ARCTIC (Gr. "ApKroc, the Bear, the northern constellation of Ursa Major)

Arctic regions in 1829, but they did not prove satisfactory . In 1833 his caloric engine was made public . In 1836 he took out a patent for a See also:

• SCREW (O.E. scrue, from O. Fr. escroue, mod. ecrou; ultimate origin uncertain; the word, or a similar one, appears in Teutonic languages, cf. Ger. Schraube, Dan. skrue, but Skeat, following Diaz, finds the origin in Lat. scrobs, a ditch, hole, particularl

screw-propeller, and though the priority of his invention could not be maintained, he was afterwards awarded a one-fifth See also:

• SHARE (O. Eng. scearu, chiefly in compounds, e.g. land-scearu, a share of land, from sceran to cut; cf. " shear" )

share of the £20;000 given by the See also:

• ADMIRALTY, HIGH COURT OF

Admiralty for it . At this See also:

• TIME (0. Eng. Lima, cf. Icel. timi, Swed. timme, hour, Dan. time; from the root also seen in " tide," properly the time of between the flow and ebb of the sea, cf. O. Eng. getidan, to happen, " even-tide," &c.; it is not directly related to Lat. tempus)
• TIME, MEASUREMENT OF
• TIME, STANDARD

time Captain See also:

• STOCKTON
• STOCKTON, FRANCIS RICHARD (1834–1902)

Stockton, of the See also:

• UNITED

United States See also:

• NAVY

navy, gave an See also:

• ORDER
• ORDER (through Fr. ordre, for earlier ordene, from Lat. ordo, ordinis, rank, service, arrangement; the ultimate source is generally taken to be the root seen in Lat. oriri, rise, arise, begin; cf. " origin ")
• ORDER, HOLY

order for a small See also:

• IRON [symbol Fe, atomic weight 55.85 (0=16)]

iron See also:

• VESSEL (O. Fr. vaissel, from a rare Lat. vascellum, dim. of vas, vase, urn)

vessel to be built by See also:

• LAIRD, MACGREGOR (18o8—1861)

Laird of See also:

• BIRKENHEAD

Birkenhead, and to be fitted by Ericsson with engines and screw . This vessel reached New See also:

• YORK
• YORK (HOUSE OF)
• YORK, EDMUND OF LANGLEY, DUKE OF (1341-1402)
• YORK, EDWARD
• YORK, FREDERICK AUGUSTUS, DUKE OF (1763-1827)
• YORK, RICHARD, DUKE

York in May 1839 . A few months later Ericsson followed his steamer to New York, and there he resided for the See also:

• REST (O. Eng. rest, reste, bed, cognate with other Teutonic forms, e.g. Ger. Rast, Riiste, rest, and probably Gothic Rasta, league, i.e. resting or stopping place)

rest of his See also:

• LIFE

life, establishing himself as an engineer and a builder of iron See also:

• SHIPS

ships . In 1848 he was naturalized as a See also:

• CITIZEN (a form corrupted in Eng., apparently by analogy with " denizen," from O. Fr. citeain, mod. Fr. citoyen)

citizen of the United States . He had many difficulties to contend with, and it was only by slow degrees that he established his fame and won his way to competence .

At his See also:

• DEATH

death he seems to have been See also:

• WORTH
• WORTH, CHARLES FREDERICK (1825-1895)

worth about £5o,000 . The See also:

• PROVISION (Lat. provisio)

provision of defensive See also:

• ARMOUR, PHILIP DANFORTH (1832-1901)

armour for ships of See also:

• WAR
• WAR (O. Eng. werre, Fr. guerre, of Teutonic origin; cf. O.H.G. werran, to confound)

war had See also:

• LONG, GEORGE (1800-1879)
• LONG, JOHN DAVIS (1838– )

long occupied his attention, and he had constructed plans and a See also:

• MODEL (0. Fr. modelle, mod. modele; It. modello, pattern, mould; from Lat. modus, measure, standard)

model of a vessel lying See also:

• LOW, SETH (1850- )
• LOW, WILL HICOK (1853- )

low in the water, carrying one heavy See also:

• GUN

gun in a circular See also:

• TURRET (from O. Fr. tourette, diminutive of tour, tower, mod. Fr. tourelle)

turret mounted on a turn-table . In 1854 he sent his plans to the See also:

• EMPEROR (Fr. empereur, from the Lat. imperator)

emperor of the See also:

• FRENCH
• FRENCH, DANIEL CHESTER (1850– )
• FRENCH, NICHOLAS (1604-1678)

French . See also:

• LOUIS
• LOUIS (804–876)
• LOUIS (893–911)
• LOUIS, JOSEPH DOMINIQUE, BARON (1755-1837)
• LOUIS, or LEWIS (from the Frankish Chlodowich, Chlodwig, Latinized as Chlodowius, Lodhuwicus, Lodhuvicus, whence-in the Strassburg oath of 842-0. Fr. Lodhuwigs, then Chlovis, Loys and later Louis, whence Span. Luiz and—through the Angevin kings—Hungarian

Louis See also:

• NAPOLEON

Napoleon, however, acting probably on the See also:

• ADVICE (Fr. avis, from Lat. ad, to, and visum, viewed)

advice of See also:

• DUPUY, CHARLES ALEXANDRE (1851– )
• DUPUY, PIERRE (1582-1651)

Dupuy de Lome, declined to use them . The See also:

• AMERICAN

American See also:

• CIVIL

Civil War, and the See also:

• REPORT (O.Fr. report or raport, modern rapport, from O.Fr. reporter, mod. rap porter, Lat. reportare, to bring back, in poetical use only, of bringing back an account, news, &c.)

report that the Confederates were converting the " See also:

• MERRIMAC

Merrimac " into an ironclad, caused the navy See also:

• DEPARTMENT (Fr. departement, from departir, to separate into parts)

department to invite proposals for the construction of armoured ships . Among others, Ericsson replied, and as it was thought that his See also:

• DESIGN (Fr. desiin, drawing; Lat. designare, to mark out)

design might be serviceable in inland See also:

• WATERS, TERRITORIAL

waters, the first armoured turret See also:

• SHIP

ship, the See also:

• MONITOR (from Lat. monere, to warn, advise)

Monitor," was ordered; she was launched on the 3oth of See also:

• JANUARY

January 1862, and on the 9th of See also:

• MARCH
• MARCH (1) (from Fr. marcher, to walk; the earliest sense in French appears to be " to trample," and the origin has usually been found in the Lat. marcus, hammer; Low Lat. marcare, to hammer; hence to beat the road with the regular tread of a soldier: cf.
• MARCH, AUZIAS (c. "1395-1458)
• MARCH, EARLS OF
• MARCH, FRANCIS ANDREW (1825– )

March she fought the celebrated See also:

• ACTION

action with the Confederate See also:

• RAM
• RAM, PIERRE FRANCOIS XAVIER DE (18o4-1865)

ram " Merrimac." The See also:

• PECULIAR

peculiar circumstances in which she was built, the great importance of the See also:

• BATTLE

battle, and the decisive nature of the result gave the " Monitor " an exaggerated reputation, which further experience did not confirm . In later years Ericsson devoted himself to the study of torpedoes and See also:

• SUN
• SUN (0. Eng. sonne, Ger. sonne. Fr. soleil, Lat. sol, Gr. ijXior, from which comes helio- in various English compounds)

sun See also:

• MOTORS, ELECTRIC

motors . He published See also:

• SOLAR, SOLLER (Lat. solarium, Fr.• galetas, Ital. solaio)

Solar Investigations (New York, 1875) and Contributions to the Centennial See also:

• EXHIBITION

Exhibition (New York, 1877) . He died in New York on the 8th of March 1889, and in the following See also:

• YEAR

year, on the See also:

• REQUEST, LETTERS OF

request of the Swedish See also:

• GOVERNMENT
• GOVERNMENT (0. Fr. governement, mod. gouvernement, O. Fr. governer, mod. gouverner, from Lat. gubernare, to steer a ship, guide, rule; cf. Gr. xv(3epvav)

government, his See also:

• BODY

body was sent to See also:

• STOCKHOLM

Stockholm and thence into Wermland, where, at Filipstad, it was' buried on the 15th of See also:

• SEPTEMBER (Lat. septem, seven)

September . A Life of Ericsson by See also:

• WILLIAM
• WILLIAM (1143-1214)
• WILLIAM (1227-1256)
• WILLIAM (1J33-1584)
• WILLIAM (A.S. Wilhelm, O. Norse Vilhidlmr; O. H. Ger. Willahelm, Willahalm, M. H. Ger. Willehelm, Willehalm, Mod.Ger. Wilhelm; Du. Willem; O. Fr. Villalme, Mod. Fr. Guillaume; from " will," Goth. vilja, and " helm," Goth. hilms, Old Norse hidlmr, meaning
• WILLIAM (c. 1130-C. 1190)
• WILLIAM, 13TH

William See also:

• CONANT, THOMAS JEFFERSON (1802-1891)

Conant See also:

• CHURCH
• CHURCH (according to most authorities derived from the Gr. Kvpcaxov [&wµa], " the Lord's [house]," and common to many Teutonic, Slavonic and other languages under various forms—Scottish kirk, Ger. Kirche, Swed. kirka, Dan. kirke, Russ. tserkov, Buig. cerk
• CHURCH, FREDERICK EDWIN (1826-1900)
• CHURCH, GEORGE EARL (1835–1910)
• CHURCH, RICHARD WILLIAM (1815–189o)
• CHURCH, SIR RICHARD (1784–1873)

Church was published in New York in 1890 and in London in 1893 .