ESTE (anc.

See also:

• ATESTE (mod. Este, q.v.)

Ateste, q.v.)  , a town and episcopal see of Venetia, Italy, in the province of Padua, 20 M . S.S.W. of it by rail . Pop . (1901) 8671 (town); 10,779 (commune) . It lies 49 ft. above sea-level below the southern slopes of the Euganean Hills . The external walls of the castle still rise above the town on the N., but the interior is now occupied by the cattle-market . A fragment of the once enormous Palazzo Mocenigo, of the 16th century, is now occupied by the important archaeological museum (see ATESTE) . The cathedral was erected in 169o–1720, on the site of an older building destroyed by an earthquake in 1688 . S . Martino is a church in the Lombard Romanesque style . The archives in the Palazzo Comunale are important . After the Roman period the history of Este is a blank until the Lombard period, in which it was dependent on Monselice .

In the loth century the

family of Este (see above) established itself in the castle above the town . At the end of the 13th century Padua, which had already captured Este more than once, became definitely mistress of it . When the Carrara family succumbed in 1405, Este voluntarily surrendered to Venice and was allowed its independence, under a podesta; and thenceforth it followed the fortunes of Venetia . EST$BANEZ CALDERON, SERAFIN (1799-1867), a Spanish author, best known by the pseudonym of " El Solitario," was born at Malaga on the 27th of December 1799 . His first literary effort was El Liston verde, a poem signed "Safinio" and written to celebrate the revolution of 182o . He was called to the bar, and settled for some time at Madrid, where i.e published a volume of verses in 1831 under the assumed name of " El Solitario." He obtained an exaggerated reputation as an Arabic scholar, and played a minor part in the political movements of his time . He died at Madrid on the 5th of February 1867 . His most interesting work, Escenas 'andaluzas (1847), is in a curiouly affected style, the vocabulary being partly archaic and partly provincial; but, despite its eccentric mannerisms, it is a vivid record of picturesque scenes and local customs . Estebanez Calderon is also the author of an unfinished history, De la conquista y perdida de Portugal (1883), issued posthumously under the editorship of his nephew, Antonio Canovas del Castillo .