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EUMENIUS (c. A.D. 260-311)

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Originally appearing in Volume V09, Page 890 of the 1911 Encyclopedia Britannica.
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EUMENIUS (c. A.D. 260-311)  , one of the See also:Roman panegyrists, was See also:born at Augustodunum (See also:Autun) in Gallia Lugdunensis . He was of See also:Greek descent; his grandfather, who had migrated from See also:Athens to See also:Rome, finally settled at Autun as a teacher of See also:rhetoric . See also:Eumenius probably took his See also:place, for it was from Autun that he went to be magister memoriae (private secretary) to See also:Constantius Chlorus, whom he accompanied on several of his See also:campaigns . In 296 Chlorus determined to restore the famous See also:schools (scholae Maenianae) of Autun, which had been greatly damaged by the inroads of the Bagaudae (See also:peasant banditti), and appointed Eumenius to the management of them, allowing him to retain his offices at See also:court and doubling his See also:salary, Eumenius generously gave up a considerable portion of his emoluments to the improvement of the schools . There is ma doubt that Eumenius was a See also:heathen, not even a nominal followet of See also:Christianity, like See also:Ausonius and other writers from See also:Gaul . Nothing is known of his later years; but he must have lived at least till 31s, if the Gratiarum Actio to See also:Constantine is by him . Of the twelve discourses included in the collection of Panegyrici See also:Latini (ed . E . Bahrens, 1874), the following are probably by Eumenius . (1) See also:Pro restaurandis (or inslaurandis) scholis, delivered (297) in the See also:forum at Autun before the See also:governor of the See also:province . Its See also:chief See also:object is to set forth the steps necessary to restore the schools to their former See also:state of efficiency, and the author See also:lays stress upon the fact that he intends to assist the See also:good See also:work out of his own See also:pocket . (2) An address (297) to the See also:Caesar Constantius Chlorus, congratulating him on his victories Over Allectus and See also:Carausius in See also:Britain, and containing See also:information of some value as to the See also:British methods of fighting .

(3) A See also:

panegyric on Constantine (310) . (4) An address of thanks (311) from the inhabitants of Autun (whose name had been changed from Augustodunum to Flavia) to Constantine for the remission of taxes and other benefits . (5) A festal address (307) on the See also:marriage of Constantine and Fausta, the daughter of Maximian . All these' speeches, with the exception of (I), were delivered at See also:Augusta Trevirorum (Treves), whose birthday is celebrated iri (3) . Eumenius is far the best of the orators of his See also:time, and See also:superior to the; See also:majority of the writers of imperial panegyrics . He shows greater self-See also:restraint and moderation in his See also:language; which is See also:simple and pure, and on the whole is See also:free from the See also:gross flattery which characterizes such productions . This See also:fault- is most conspicuous in (3), which led See also:Heyne (Opuscula, vi . 8o) to deny the authorship of Eumenius on the ground that it was unworthy of him . There are See also:treatises on Eumenius by B . See also:Kilian (See also:Wurzburg, 1869), S . Brandt (See also:Freiburg See also:im See also:Breisgau, 1882), and H . See also:Sachs (See also:Halle, 1885) ; see also Gaston See also:Boissier, " See also:Les Rh6teurs gaulois du IVe siecle," in See also:journal See also:des savants (1884) .

End of Article: EUMENIUS (c. A.D. 260-311)
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