EUPATORIA (Russ. Evpatoria; also known as

See also:

• KOZLOV

Kozlov and to the

See also:

• TURKS

Turks as Gezlev)  , a seaport of Russia, in the government of Taurida, on the W. coast of the Crimea, 20 M . N.W. of Simferopol, on a sandy promontory on the north of Kalamita Bay, in 450 12' N. and 330 40' E . Pop . (1871) 8294; (1897) 17,915 . This number 1 L'Harrnonie universe/le (Paris, 1636), livre v_ prop. iv. pp . 228-229.includes many Jews, the Karaite sect having here their principal synagogue . Here too resides the spiritual head (gakhan) of the sect . Of its numerous ecclesiastical buildings three are of interest —the synagogue of the Karaite Jews; one of the mosques, which has fourteen cupolas and is built (1552) after the plan of St Sophia in Constantinople; and the Greek Catholic cathedral (1898) . The port or rather roadstead has a sandy bottom, and is exposed to violent storms from the- N.E . The trade is principally in cereals, skins, cow-hair, felt, tallow and salt . Eupatoria has some repute as a sea-bathing resort . According to some authorities it was near this spot that a military post, Eupatorium, was established in the 1st century A.D. by Diophantus, the general of Mithradates the Great, king of Pontus .

Towards the end of the 15th century the

Turks built the fortress of Gezleveh on the present site, and it became the capital of a khanate . It was occupied by the Russians under Marshal Miinnich in 1736, and in 1771 by Prince Dolgorukov . Its annexation to Russia took place in 1783 . In 1854 the Anglo-French troops were landed in the neighbourhood of Eupatoria, and in February 1855 the town was occupied by the Turkish forces .