See also:

• MARQUESS (1760-1842)
• MARQUESS, or MARQUIS (Fr. marquis, Ital. marchese; from med. Lat. marchio, marchisus, i.e. comes marchiae, " count of the March ")

MARQUESS AND See also:

• DUKE (corresponding to Fr. duc, Ital. duca, Ger. Herzog)

DUKE OF See also:

• EARL

EARL See also:

• EXETER
• MARQUESS AND DUKE OF EARL EXETER

EXETER  . These See also:

• ENGLISH

English titles have been See also:

• BORNE, KARL LUDWIG (1786–1837)

borne at different times by members of the families of Holand or See also:

• HOLLAND
• HOLLAND, CHARLES (1733–1769)
• HOLLAND, COUNTY AND PROVINCE OF
• HOLLAND, HENRY FOX, 1ST BARON (1705–1774)
• HOLLAND, HENRY RICH, 1ST EARL OF (1S9o-,649)
• HOLLAND, HENRY RICHARD VASSALL FOX, 3RD
• HOLLAND, JOSIAH GILBERT (1819-1881)
• HOLLAND, PHILEMON (1552-1637)
• HOLLAND, RICHARD, or RICHARD DE HOLANDE (fl. 1450)
• HOLLAND, SIR HENRY, BART

Holland, See also:

• BEAUFORT
• BEAUFORT, FRANCOIS DE VENDOME
• BEAUFORT, HENRY (c. 1377–1447)
• BEAUFORT, LOUIS DE (d. 1795)

Beaufort, See also:

• COURTENAY
• COURTENAY, RICHARD (d. 1415)
• COURTENAY, WILLIAM (c. 1342—1396)

Courtenay and See also:

• CECIL

Cecil . The earls of See also:

• DEVON, EARLS OF

Devon of the See also:

• FAMILY

family of de Redvers were sometimes called earls of See also:

• EXETER
• EXETER, EARL, MARQUESS AND DUKE OF

Exeter; but the 1st See also:

• DUKE (corresponding to Fr. duc, Ital. duca, Ger. Herzog)

duke of Exeter was See also:

• JOHN
• JOHN (1167–1216)
• JOHN (1290-c. 1320)
• JOHN (1296-1346)
• JOHN (1371–1419)
• JOHN (1468-1532)
• JOHN (1801-1873)
• JOHN (Heb. llni')
• JOHN (ZAPOLYA) (1487-1540)
• JOHN, 4TH MARQUESS OF TWEEDDALE (c. 1695-1762)
• JOHN, DON (1545-1578)
• JOHN, DON (1629–1679)
• JOHN, GOSPEL OF ST
• JOHN, or HAYS (1513–1571)
• JOHN, THE APOSTLE
• JOHN, THE EPISTLES OF

JOHN (c . 1355-1400), a younger son of See also:

• THOMAS
• THOMAS (c. 1654-1720)
• THOMAS (d. 110o)
• THOMAS, ARTHUR GORING (1850-1892)
• THOMAS, CHARLES LOUIS AMBROISE (1811-1896)
• THOMAS, GEORGE (c. 1756-1802)
• THOMAS, GEORGE HENRY (1816-187o)
• THOMAS, ISAIAH (1749-1831)
• THOMAS, PIERRE (1634-1698)
• THOMAS, SIDNEY GILCHRIST (1850-1885)
• THOMAS, ST
• THOMAS, THEODORE (1835-1905)
• THOMAS, WILLIAM (d. 1554)

Thomas Holand, See also:

• EARL

earl of See also:

• KENT
• KENT, EARLS AND DUKES OF
• KENT, JAMES (1763-1847)
• KENT, WILLIAM (1685-1748)

Kent (d . 136o) . John's See also:

• MOTHER

mother, See also:

• JOAN

Joan (d . 1385), a descend-See also:

• ANT
• ANT (O. Eng. aemete, from Teutonic a, privative, and maitan, cut or bite off, i.e. " the biter off "; aemete in Middle English became differentiated in dialect use to (mete, then amte, and so ant, and also to emete, whence the synonym " emmet," now only u

ant of See also:

• EDWARD

Edward I., married for her third See also:

• HUSBAND

husband Edward the See also:

• BLACK
• BLACK, ADAM (1784-1874)
• BLACK, JEREMIAH SULLIVAN (1810–1883)
• BLACK, WILLIAM (1841-1898)

Black See also:

• PRINCE
• PRINCE (Lat. princeps, from primus capio, " I am the first to take "; Ital. principe, Fr. prince)

Prince, by whom she was the mother of See also:

• RICHARD
• RICHARD (d. 1184)
• RICHARD, FRANCOIS MARIE BENJAMIN (18,9-1908)
• RICHARD, HENRY (1812-1888)
• RICHARD, ST

Richard II., and her son John was thus the See also:

• KING
• KING (O. Eng. cyning, abbreviated into cyng, cing; cf. O. H. G. chun- kuning, chun- kunig, M.H.G. kiinic, kiinec, kiinc, Mod. Ger. Konig, O. Norse konungr, kongr, Swed. konung, kung)
• KING [OF OCKHAM], PETER KING, 1ST BARON (1669-1734)
• KING, CHARLES WILLIAM (1818-1888)
• KING, CLARENCE (1842–1901)
• KING, EDWARD (1612–1637)
• KING, EDWARD (1829–1910)
• KING, HENRY (1591-1669)
• KING, RUFUS (1755–1827)
• KING, THOMAS (1730–1805)
• KING, WILLIAM (1650-1729)
• KING, WILLIAM (1663–1712)

king's See also:

• HALF

half-See also:

• BROTHER

brother, a relationship to which he owed his high station at the English See also:

• COURT
• COURT (from the O. Fr. court, Late Lat. cortis, curtis, a popular form of class. Lat. cohors, gen. cohortis; the mod. Fr. form tour is due to the influence of the Lat. curia, the word used in medieval documents to translate " court " in the feudal sense)
• COURT, ANTOINE (1696-176o)

court . He married See also:

• ELIZABETH
• ELIZABETH (1533-1603)
• ELIZABETH (1596-1662)
• ELIZABETH (1635–1650)
• ELIZABETH [ AMELIE EUGENIE ] (1837—1898)
• ELIZABETH [1lisabeth Philippine Marie Helene of France] (1764—1794)
• ELIZABETH [PAULINE ELIZABETH OTTILIE LOUISE] (1843– )
• ELIZABETH [PETROVNA] (1709-1762), EMPRESS
• ELIZABETH, SAINT (1207-1231)

Elizabeth (d . 1426), a daughter of John of Gaunt, duke of See also:

• LANCASTER
• LANCASTER, HOUSE OF
• LANCASTER, JOHN OF GAUNT
• LANCASTER, JOSEPH (1778-1838)
• LANCASTER, SIR JAMES (f1. 1591—1618)
• LANCASTER, THOMAS, EARL OF (c. 1277-1322)

Lancaster, and was constantly in Richard's See also:

• TRAIN (M. Eng. trayn or trayne, derived through Fr. from Late Lat. trahinare, to drag, draw, Lat. trahere, cf. trail, trace, ultimately from the same source)

train until 1385, when his See also:

• MURDER

murder of See also:

• RALPH (d. 1122)

Ralph See also:

• STAFFORD
• STAFFORD, EARLS AND MARQUESSES OF

Stafford disturbed these friendly relations . John then went to See also:

• SPAIN
• SPAIN (Espana)

Spain as See also:

• CONSTABLE (0. Fr. connestable, Fr. connetable, Med. Lat. comestabilis, conestabilis, constabularius, from the Lat. comes stabuli, count of the stable)
• CONSTABLE, ARCHIBALD (1774-1827)
• CONSTABLE, HENRY (1562-1613)
• CONSTABLE, JOHN (1776-1837)
• CONSTABLE, SIR MARMADUKE (c. 1455-1518)

constable of the English See also:

• ARMY
• ARMY (from Fr. armee, Lat. armata)

army under John of Gaunt; but after his return to See also:

• ENGLAND
• ENGLAND, THE CHURCH OF

England in 1387 he was created earl of See also:

• HUNTINGDON
• HUNTINGDON, EARLS OF
• HUNTINGDON, SELINA HASTINGS, COUNTESS OF (1707—1791)

Huntingdon, was made See also:

• ADMIRAL

admiral of the See also:

• FLEET

fleet and See also:

• CHAMBERLAIN (0. Fr. chamberlain, chamberlenc, Mod. Fr. chambellan, from O. H. Ger. Chamarling, Chamarlinc, whence also the Med. Lat. cambellanus, camerlingus, camerlengus; Ital. camerlingo; Span. camerlengo, compounded of 0. H. Ger. Chamara, Kamara [Lat.
• CHAMBERLAIN, JOSEPH (1836— )
• CHAMBERLAIN, JOSHUA LAWRENCE (1828– )
• CHAMBERLAIN, SIR NEVILLE BOWLES (1820-1902)

chamberlain of England, and was again high in the king's favour . He was Richard's See also:

• CHIEF (from Fr. chef, head, Lat. caput)

chief helper in the proceedings against the lords appellant in 1397, was created duke of Exeter in See also:

• SEPTEMBER (Lat. septem, seven)

September of this See also:

• YEAR

year, and went with the king to See also:

• IRELAND
• IRELAND, CHURCH
• IRELAND, CHURCH OF
• IRELAND, JOHN (1761-1842)
• IRELAND, JOHN (1838- )
• IRELAND, WILLIAM HENRY (1777-1835)

Ireland in 1399 . After the See also:

• ACCESSION (from Lat. accedere, to go to, to approach)

accession of his brother-in-See also:

• LAW
• LAW (0. Eng. lagu, M. Eng. lawe; from an old Teutonic root lag, " lie," what lies fixed or evenly; cf. Lat. lex, Fr. loi)
• LAW, JOHN (1671—1729)
• LAW, WILLIAM (1686-1761)

law, See also:

• HENRY
• HENRY (1129-1195)
• HENRY (c. 1108-1139)
• HENRY (c. 1174–1216)
• HENRY (Fr. Henri; Span. Enrique; Ger. Heinrich; Mid. H. Ger. Heinrich and Heimrich; O.H.G. Haimi- or Heimirih, i.e. " prince, or chief of the house," from O.H.G. heim, the Eng. home, and rih, Goth. reiks; compare Lat. rex " king "—" rich," therefore " mig
• HENRY, EDWARD LAMSON (1841– )
• HENRY, JAMES (1798-1876)
• HENRY, JOSEPH (1797-1878)
• HENRY, MATTHEW (1662-1714)
• HENRY, PATRICK (1736–1799)
• HENRY, PRINCE OF BATTENBERG (1858-1896)
• HENRY, ROBERT (1718-1790)
• HENRY, VICTOR (1850– )
• HENRY, WILLIAM (1795-1836)

Henry IV., Holand was tried for his See also:

• SHARE (O. Eng. scearu, chiefly in compounds, e.g. land-scearu, a share of land, from sceran to cut; cf. " shear" )

share in the events of 1397, and was reduced to his earlier See also:

• RANK (O.Fr. rant or rent, mod. rang, generally connected with the O.E. and O.H.G. bring, a ring)

rank of earl of Huntingdon .

He was soon plotting against Henry's See also:

• LIFE

life, and after the projected rising in 1400 had failed he was captured and was probably beheaded at Pleshey in See also:

• ESSEX
• ESSEX, ARTHUR CAPEL
• ESSEX, EARLS OF
• ESSEX, KINGDOM OF
• ESSEX, ROBERT DEVEREUX
• ESSEX, ROBERT DEVEREUX, 2ND2 EARL OF (1566-1601)
• ESSEX, WALTER DEVEREUX, IST2 EARL OF (1541–1576)

Essex on the 16th of See also:

• JANUARY

January 14001 He was afterwards attainted and his titles and lands were forfeited . In 1416 THOMAS BEAUFORT, earl of See also:

• DORSET, EARLS, MARQUESSES AND DUKES OF

Dorset, was created duke of Exeter; but this dignity was only granted for his life, and consequently it expired on his See also:

• DEATH

death in 1426 . In 1416 JOHN (1395-1447), son of John Holand, the former duke of Exeter, was allowed to take his See also:

• FATHER

father's earldom of Huntingdon . This nobleman rendered See also:

• GREAT

great assistance to Henry V. in his See also:

• CONQUEST

conquest of See also:

• FRANCE
• FRANCE, ANATOLE (1844– )

France, fighting both on See also:

• SEA (in O. Eng. sae, a common Teutonic word; cf. Ger. See, Dutch Zee, &c.; the ultimate source is uncertain)
• SEA, COMMAND OF THE

sea and on See also:

• LAND

land . He was See also:

• MARSHAL (med. Lat. marescalcus, from O.H.Ger. marah, horse, and scalc, servant)

marshal of England, admiral of England and See also:

• GOVERNOR (from the Fr. gouverneur, from gouverner, O. Fr. governer, Lat. gubernare, to steer a ship, to direct, guide)

governor of See also:

• AQUITAINE

Aquitaine under Henry VI.; was one of the king's representatives at the See also:

• CONFERENCE

conference of See also:

• ARRAS

Arras in 1435; and in 1443 was created duke of Exeter . When he died on the 5th of See also:

• AUGUST (originally Sextilis)

August 1447 his titles passed to his son HENRY (1430-1473), who; although married to See also:

• ANNE (1665-1714)
• ANNE (1693-1740)

Anne (d . 1476), daughter of Richard, duke of See also:

• YORK
• YORK (HOUSE OF)
• YORK, EDMUND OF LANGLEY, DUKE OF (1341-1402)
• YORK, EDWARD
• YORK, FREDERICK AUGUSTUS, DUKE OF (1763-1827)
• YORK, RICHARD, DUKE

York, fought for Henry VI. during the See also:

• WARS

Wars of the See also:

• ROSES, WARS OF THE

Roses . After having been imprisoned by York at See also:

• PONTEFRACT (pronounced and sometimes written " Pomfret ")

Pontefract, he was See also:

• PRESENT

present at the See also:

• BATTLE

battle of See also:

• TOWTON

Towton, sailed with Henry's See also:

• QUEEN
• QUEEN (O.E. cwen, wife, related to "quean," O.E. cwene, a hussy; cf. Gr. yvvi7: from root gan-, to produce; cf. genus, " kin," &c.)

queen, See also:

• MARGARET
• MARGARET (1283–1290)
• MARGARET (1353-1412)
• MARGARET (1489–1541)
• MARGARET, ST (c. 1045–1093)
• MARGARET, ST (SANCTA MARGARITA)

Margaret of See also:

• ANJOU

Anjou, to See also:

• FLANDERS (Flem. Vlaanderen)

Flanders in 1463, and was wounded at See also:

• BARNET

Barnet in 1471 . In 1461 he had been attainted and his dukedom declared forfeited, and he died without sons, probably in 1473 . Coming to the family of Courtenay the See also:

• TITLE (0. Fr. title, mod. titre, from Lat. titulus)

title of See also:

• MARQUESS (1760-1842)
• MARQUESS, or MARQUIS (Fr. marquis, Ital. marchese; from med. Lat. marchio, marchisus, i.e. comes marchiae, " count of the March ")

marquess of Exeter was borne by HENRY COURTENAY (c . 1496-1538), earl of Devon, who was made a marquess in 1525 . A See also:

• GRANDSON (Ger. Grandsee)

grandson of Edward IV., Courtenay was a prominent figure at the court of Henry VIII. until Thomas See also:

• CROMWELL, HENRY (1628-1674)
• CROMWELL, OLIVER (1599-1658)
• CROMWELL, RICHARD (1626–1712)
• CROMWELL, THOMAS, EARL OF

Cromwell See also:

• ROSE
• ROSE (Rosa)
• ROSE, GEORGE (1744-1818)
• ROSE, HUGH JAMES (1795—1838)
• ROSE, WILLIAM STEWART (1775-1843)

rose to See also:

• POWER [WILLIAM GRATTAN] TYRONE (1797-1841)

power, when his high See also:

• BIRTH (a word common in various forms to Teutonic languages from the root of the verb " to bear ")

birth, his great See also:

• WEALTH

wealth and his See also:

• INDEPENDENT

independent position made him an See also:

• OBJECT

object of suspicion .

Some slight discontent in the See also:

• WEST
• WEST, BENJAMIN (1738-1820)
• WEST, NICHOLAS (1461-1533)

west of England gave the occasion for his See also:

• ARREST (Fr. arrester, arreeter, to stop or stay)

arrest, and he was tried and beheaded on the 9th of See also:

• DECEMBER (Lat. decent, ten)

December 1538 . A few days later he was declared a traitor and his titles were forfeited; although his only son, EDWARD (c . 1526-1556), who was restored to the ' There is some difference of See also:

• OPINION (Lat. opinio, from opinari, to think)

opinion about the See also:

• PLACE (through Fr. from Lat. platea, street; Gr. IrAar6s, wide)

place and manner of the earl's death, and this question has an important bearing upon the See also:

• PRIVILEGE

privilege of trial by peers of the See also:

• REALM

realm . See L . W . See also:

• VERNON
• VERNON, EDWARD (1684-1757)

Vernon-See also:

• HARCOURT
• HARCOURT, SIMON HARCOURT, 1ST VISCOUNT (c. 1661-1727)
• HARCOURT, SIR WILLIAM GEORGE GRANVILLE VENABLES VERNON (1827-1904)
• HARCOURT, WILLIAM VERNON (1789-1871)

Harcourt, His See also:

• GRACE (Fr. grace, Lat. gratia, from grates, beloved, pleasing; formed from the root cra-, Gr. xav-, cf. xaipw, x6p,ua, Xapts)
• GRACE, WILLIAM GILBERT (1848– )

Grace the Steward and Trial of Peers (1907).earldom of Devon in 1553 and was a suitor for the See also:

• HAND
• HAND (a word common to Teutonic languages; cf. Ger. Hand, Goth. handus)
• HAND, FERDINAND GOTTHELF (1786-185r)

hand of Queen See also:

• MARY
• MARY (1457-1482)
• MARY (1496-1533)
• MARY, QUEEN OF SCOTS

Mary, is sometimes called marquess of Exeter . The title of earl of Exeter was first bestowed upon the Cecils (see CECIL: Family) in 16o5 when THOMAS, and See also:

• LORD
• LORD (O. Eng. hldford, i.e. hldfweard, the warder or keeper of bread, hlIf, loaf; the word is not represented in any other Teutonic language)
• LORD, JOHN (1810-1894)

Lord See also:

• BURGHLEY, WILLIAM CECIL, BARON (1521-1598)

Burghley (1542-1623), the eldest son of See also:

• WILLIAM
• WILLIAM (1143-1214)
• WILLIAM (1227-1256)
• WILLIAM (1J33-1584)
• WILLIAM (A.S. Wilhelm, O. Norse Vilhidlmr; O. H. Ger. Willahelm, Willahalm, M. H. Ger. Willehelm, Willehalm, Mod.Ger. Wilhelm; Du. Willem; O. Fr. Villalme, Mod. Fr. Guillaume; from " will," Goth. vilja, and " helm," Goth. hilms, Old Norse hidlmr, meaning
• WILLIAM (c. 1130-C. 1190)
• WILLIAM, 13TH

William Cecil, Lord Burghley, was made earl of Exeter by See also:

• JAMES
• JAMES (Gr. 'IlrKw,l3or, the Heb. Ya`akob or Jacob)
• JAMES (JAMES FRANCIS EDWARD STUART) (1688-1766)
• JAMES, 2ND EARL OF DOUGLAS AND MAR(c. 1358–1388)
• JAMES, DAVID (1839-1893)
• JAMES, EPISTLE OF
• JAMES, GEORGE PAYNE RAINSFOP
• JAMES, HENRY (1843— )
• JAMES, JOHN ANGELL (1785-1859)
• JAMES, THOMAS (c. 1573–1629)
• JAMES, WILLIAM (1842–1910)
• JAMES, WILLIAM (d. 1827)

James I . Thomas had been a member of See also:

• PARLIAMENT (Anglo-Lat. parliamentum, Fr. parlement, from parler, to speak)

parliament during the reign of Queen Elizabeth, who knighted him in 1575, and had fought under the earl of See also:

• LEICESTER
• LEICESTER, EARLS OF
• LEICESTER, ROBERT DUDLEY, EARL
• LEICESTER, ROBERT SIDNEY, EARL OF (1563-1626)
• LEICESTER, THOMAS WILLIAM COKE, EARL OF (1754-1842)

Leicester in the See also:

• NETHERLANDS

Netherlands . After his father's death in 1598 he became See also:

• PRESIDENT (Fr. president, from Lat. praesidens, post-Augustan Lat. for praeses, director, ruler, from praesidere, to sit in front of, preside)

president of the See also:

• COUNCIL (Lat. concilium, from cum, together, and the root cal, to call)

Council of the See also:

• NORTH
• NORTH, BARONS
• NORTH, MARIANNE (1830—1890)
• NORTH, ROGER (1653-1734)
• NORTH, SIR THOMAS (1535?-16o1?)

North and was made a See also:

• KNIGHT, CHARLES (1791-1873)
• KNIGHT, DANIEL RIDGWAY (1845– )
• KNIGHT, JOHN BUXTON (1843–1908)

knight of the Garter . He died on the 7th or 8th of See also:

• FEBRUARY

February 1623 . His See also:

• DIRECT

direct descendants continued to See also:

• BEAR
• BEAR, BLACK
• BEAR, BROWN
• BEAR, GRIZZLY
• BEAR, ISABELLINE
• BEAR, WHITE

bear the title of earl of Exeter, and in 18o1 HENRY (1754-1804), the loth earl, was advanced to the dignity of marquess of Exeter, the present marquess being his lineal descendant . It may be noted that the 1st marquess is See also:

• TENNYSON, ALFRED TENNYSON

Tennyson's " lord of Burghley." See G .

E . C(okayne), See also:

• COMPLETE

Complete See also:

• PEERAGE
• PEERAGE (Fr. pairage, med. Lat. paragium; M.E. Pere, 0. Fr. per, peer, later pair; Lat. Paris, " equal ")

Peerage (1887-1898) .