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EZRA (from a Hebrew word meaning " he...

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Originally appearing in Volume V10, Page 104 of the 1911 Encyclopedia Britannica.
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EZRA (from a See also:Hebrew word meaning " help ")  , in the See also:Bible, the famous See also:scribe and See also:priest at the See also:time of the return of the See also:Jews in the reign of the See also:Persian See also:king See also:Artaxerxes I . (458 B.c.) . His See also:book and that of See also:Nehemiah See also:form one See also:work (see See also:EZRA AND NEHEMIAH, BOOKS ox), apart from which we have little See also:trust-worthy See also:evidence as to his See also:life . Even in the beginning of the 2nd See also:century B.C., when See also:Ben Sira praises notable figures of the exilic and See also:post-exilic See also:age (Zerubbabel, Jeshua and Nehemiah), Ezra is passed over (Ecciesiasticus xlix . 11-13), and he is not mentioned in a still later and somewhat fanciful description of Nehemiah's work (2 1blacc. i . 18-36) . Already well known as a scribe, Ezra's labours were magnified by subsequent tradition . He was regarded as the See also:father of the See also:scribes and the founder of the See also:Great See also:Synagogue . According to the apocryphal See also:fourth book of Ezra (or 2 Esdras xiv.) he restored the See also:law which had been lost, and rewrote all the sacred records (which had been destroyed) in addition to no fewer than seventy apocryphal See also:works . The former theory recurs elsewhere in Jewish tradition, and may be associated with the See also:representation in Ezra-Nehemiah which connects him with the law . But the See also:story of his many See also:literary efforts, like the more See also:modern conjecture that he closed the See also:canon of the Old Testament, rests upon no See also:ancient basis . See BIBLE, See also:sect .

Old Testament (Canon and See also:

Criticism) ; JEWS (See also:history, § 21 seq.) . The apocryphal books, called 1 and 2 Esdras (the See also:Greek form of the name) in the See also:English Bible, are dealt with below as EZRA, THIRD BooK OF, and EZRA, FOURTH BOOK OF, while the canonical book of Ezra is dealt with under EZRA AND NEHEMIAH ..

End of Article: EZRA (from a Hebrew word meaning " help ")
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