See also:LUCIUS See also:CARY See also:FALKLAND
, 2nd See also:VISCOUNT (c
.
1610-1643), son of See also:Sir See also:- HENRY
- HENRY (1129-1195)
- HENRY (c. 1108-1139)
- HENRY (c. 1174–1216)
- HENRY (Fr. Henri; Span. Enrique; Ger. Heinrich; Mid. H. Ger. Heinrich and Heimrich; O.H.G. Haimi- or Heimirih, i.e. " prince, or chief of the house," from O.H.G. heim, the Eng. home, and rih, Goth. reiks; compare Lat. rex " king "—" rich," therefore " mig
- HENRY, EDWARD LAMSON (1841– )
- HENRY, JAMES (1798-1876)
- HENRY, JOSEPH (1797-1878)
- HENRY, MATTHEW (1662-1714)
- HENRY, PATRICK (1736–1799)
- HENRY, PRINCE OF BATTENBERG (1858-1896)
- HENRY, ROBERT (1718-1790)
- HENRY, VICTOR (1850– )
- HENRY, WILLIAM (1795-1836)
Henry See also:Cary, afterwards 1st Viscount See also:Falkland (d
.
1633), a member of an See also:ancient See also:Devonshire See also:family, who was See also:lord See also:deputy of See also:Ireland from 1622 to 1629, and of See also:Elizabeth (1585-'639), only daughter of Sir See also:- LAWRENCE
- LAWRENCE (LAURENTIUS, LORENZO), ST
- LAWRENCE, AMOS (1786—1852)
- LAWRENCE, AMOS ADAMS (1814–1886)
- LAWRENCE, GEORGE ALFRED (1827–1876)
- LAWRENCE, JOHN LAIRD MAIR LAWRENCE, 1ST BARON (1811-1879)
- LAWRENCE, SIR HENRY MONTGOMERY (1806–1857)
- LAWRENCE, SIR THOMAS (1769–1830)
- LAWRENCE, STRINGER (1697–1775)
Lawrence Tanfield, See also:chief See also:baron of the See also:exchequer, was See also:born either in 26o9 or 161o, and was educated at Trinity See also:College, See also:Dublin
.
In 1625 he inherited from his grandfather the manors of See also:Great Tew and See also:Burford in See also:- OXFORD
- OXFORD, EARLS OF
- OXFORD, EDWARD DE VERE, 17TH EARL
- OXFORD, JOHN DE VERE, 13TH EARL OF (1443-1513)
- OXFORD, PROVISIONS OF
- OXFORD, ROBERT DE VERE, 9TH EARL OF (1362-1392)
- OXFORD, ROBERT HARLEY, 1ST
Oxford-See also:shire, and, about the See also:age of 21, married Lettice, daughter of Sir See also:Richard See also:Morrison, of Tooley See also:Park in See also:Leicestershire
.
Involved in a See also:quarrel with his See also:father, whom he failed to propitiate by
offering to See also:hand over to him his See also:estate, he See also:left See also:England to take service in the Dutch See also:army, but soon returned
.
In 1633. by the See also:death of his father, he became Viscount Falkland
.
His See also:mother had embraced the See also:Roman See also:Catholic faith, to which it was now sought to attract Falkland himself, but his studies and reflections led him, under the See also:influence of See also:Chillingworth, to the See also:- INTERPRETATION (from Lat. interpretari, to expound, explain, inter pres, an agent, go-between, interpreter; inter, between, and the root pret-, possibly connected with that seen either in Greek 4 p4'ew, to speak, or irpa-rrecv, to do)
interpretation of religious problems rather by See also:reason than by tradition or authority
.
At Great Tew he enjoyed a See also:short but happy See also:period of study, and he assembled See also:round him many gifted and learned men, whom the near neighbourhood of the university and his own brilliant qualities attracted to his See also:house
.
He was the friend of See also:Hales and Chillingworth, was celebrated by See also:Jonson, Suckling, See also:Cowley and See also:Waller in See also:verse, and in See also:prose by See also:Clarendon, who is eloquent in describing the virtues and See also:genius of the " incomparable " Falkland, and draws a delightful picture of his society and hospitality
.
Falkland's intellectual pleasures, however, were soon interrupted by See also:war and politics
.
He See also:felt it his See also:duty to take See also:part on the See also:- KING
- KING (O. Eng. cyning, abbreviated into cyng, cing; cf. O. H. G. chun- kuning, chun- kunig, M.H.G. kiinic, kiinec, kiinc, Mod. Ger. Konig, O. Norse konungr, kongr, Swed. konung, kung)
- KING [OF OCKHAM], PETER KING, 1ST BARON (1669-1734)
- KING, CHARLES WILLIAM (1818-1888)
- KING, CLARENCE (1842–1901)
- KING, EDWARD (1612–1637)
- KING, EDWARD (1829–1910)
- KING, HENRY (1591-1669)
- KING, RUFUS (1755–1827)
- KING, THOMAS (1730–1805)
- KING, WILLIAM (1650-1729)
- KING, WILLIAM (1663–1712)
king's See also:side as a volunteer under See also:Essex in the See also:campaign of 1639 against the Scots
.
In 164o he was returned for See also:Newport in the Isle of See also:Wight to the Short and See also:Long Parliaments, and took an active part on the side of the opposition
.
He spoke against the exaction of shipmoney on the 7th of See also:December 1640, denouncing the servile conduct of Lord Keeper See also:Finch and the See also:judges.' He supported the See also:prosecution of See also:Strafford, at the same See also:- TIME (0. Eng. Lima, cf. Icel. timi, Swed. timme, hour, Dan. time; from the root also seen in " tide," properly the time of between the flow and ebb of the sea, cf. O. Eng. getidan, to happen, " even-tide," &c.; it is not directly related to Lat. tempus)
- TIME, MEASUREMENT OF
- TIME, STANDARD
time endeavouring on more than one occasion to moderate the See also:measures of the See also:Commons in the interests of See also:justice, and voted for the third See also:reading of the See also:- ATTAINDER (from the O. Fr. ataindre, ateindre, to attain, i.e. to strike, accuse, condemn; Lat. attingere, tangere, to touch; the meaning has been greatly affected by the confusion with Fr. taindre, teindre, to taint, stain, Lat. tingere, to dye)
attainder on the 21st of See also:April 1641
.
On the great question of the See also:- CHURCH
- CHURCH (according to most authorities derived from the Gr. Kvpcaxov [&wµa], " the Lord's [house]," and common to many Teutonic, Slavonic and other languages under various forms—Scottish kirk, Ger. Kirche, Swed. kirka, Dan. kirke, Russ. tserkov, Buig. cerk
- CHURCH, FREDERICK EDWIN (1826-1900)
- CHURCH, GEORGE EARL (1835–1910)
- CHURCH, RICHARD WILLIAM (1815–189o)
- CHURCH, SIR RICHARD (1784–1873)
church he urged, in the debate of the 8th of See also:February 1641, that the interference of the See also:clergy in See also:secular matters, the encroachments in See also:jurisdiction of the spiritual courts, and the See also:imposition by authority of unnecessary ceremonies, should be prohibited
.
On the other hand, though he denied that See also:episcopacy existed jure divino, he was opposed to its abolition; fearing the See also:establishment of the Presbyterian See also:system, which in See also:Scotland had proved equally tyrannical
.
Triennial parliaments would be sufficient to See also:control the bishops, if they meditated any further attacks upon the See also:national liberties, and he urged that " where it is not necessary to See also:change, it is necessary not to change." Even See also:Hampden still believed that a See also:compromise with the episcopal principle was possible, and assured Falkland that if the See also:bill taken up to the Lords on the 1st of May 1641, excluding the bishops from the Lords and the clergy from secular offices, were passed, " there would be nothing more attempted to the See also:prejudice of the church." Accordingly the bill was supported by Falkland
.
The times, however, were not favourable to compromise
.
The bill was lost in the Lords, and on the 27th of May the See also:Root and See also:Branch Bill, for the See also:total abolition of episcopacy, was introduced in the House of Commons
.
This measure Falkland opposed, as well as the second bill for excluding the bishops, introduced on the 21St of See also:October
.
In the discussion on the See also:Grand Remonstrance he took the part of the bishops and the Arminians
.
He was now opposed to the whole policy of the opposition, and, being reproached by Hampden with his change of attitude, replied " that he had formerly been persuaded by that worthy See also:gentleman to believe many things which he had since found to be untrue, and therefore he had changed his See also:opinion in many particulars as well as to things as to persons."2
On the 1st of See also:January 1642, immediately before the attempted See also:arrest of the five members, of which, however, he was not cognizant, he was offered by the king the secretaryship of See also:state, and was persuaded by See also:Hyde to accept it, thus becoming involved directly in the king's policy, though evidently possessing little influence in his counsels
.
He was one of the peers who signed the protestation against making war, at See also:York on the 15th of See also:June 1642
.
On the 5th of See also:September he carried See also:Charles's overtures for See also:peace to the See also:parliament, when he informed the leaders of the opposition that the king consented to a thorough See also:reformation of See also:religion
.
The See also:secret See also:correspondence connected with the Waller See also:plot passed through his hands
.
He was See also:present with the
His speeches are in the See also:Thomason Tracts, E 196 (9), (26), (36)
.
2 Clarendon's Hist. iv
.
94, See also:note.king at Edgehill and at the See also:siege of See also:Gloucester
.
By this time the hopelessness of the situation had completely overwhelmed him
.
The aims and principles of neither party in the conflict could satisfy a See also:man of Falkland's high ideals and intellectual See also:vision
.
His royalism could not suffer the substitution, as the controlling See also:power in the state, of a parliament for the See also:monarchy, nor his conservatism the revolutionary changes in church and state now insisted upon by the opposite See also:faction
.
The fatal See also:character and policy of the king, the most incapable of men and yet the man upon whom all depended, must have been by now thoroughly understood by Falkland
.
Compromise had long been out of the question
.
The victory of either side could only bring misery; and the prolongation of the war was a prospect equally unhappy
.
Nor could Falkland find any support or See also:consolation in his own inward convictions or principles
.
His ideals and hopes were now destroyed, and he had no definite See also:political convictions such as inspired and strengthened Strafford and See also:Pym
.
In fact his sensitive nature shrank from contact with the See also:practical politics of the See also:day and prevented his rise to the See also:place of a See also:leader or a statesman
.
Clarendon has recorded his final relapse into despair
.
" Sitting amongst his See also:friends, often, after a deep silence and frequent sighs (he) would with a shrill and sad See also:accent ingeminate the word Peace, Peace, and would passionately profess that the very agony of the war, and the view of the calamities and desolation the See also:kingdom did and must endure, took his See also:sleep from him and would shortly break his See also:heart." At Gloucester he had in vain exposed himself to risks
.
On the See also:morning of the See also:battle of See also:Newbury, on the 20th of September 1643, he declared to his friends, who would have dissuaded him from taking part in the fight, that " he was weary of the times and foresaw much misery to his own See also:Country and did believe he should be out of it ere See also:night."3 He served during the engagement as a volunteer under Sir See also:John See also:Byron, and, See also:riding alone at a See also:gap in a hedge commanded by the enemy's See also:fire, was immediately killed
.
His death took place at the See also:early age of 33, which should be See also:borne in mind in every estimate of his career and character
.
He was succeeded in the See also:title by his eldest son See also:Lucius, 3rd Viscount Falkland, his male descent becoming See also:extinct in the See also:person of See also:Anthony, 5th viscount, in 1694, when the viscounty passed to Lucius Henry (1687-1730), a descendant of the first viscount, and the present peer is his See also:direct descendant
.
Falkland wrote a Discourse of See also:Infallibility, published in 1646 (Thomason Tracts, E 361 [1]), reprinted in 1650, in 1651 (E 634 [1]) ed. by Triplet with replies, and in 166o with the addition of two discourses on episcopacy by Falkland
.
This is a See also:work of some importance in theological controversy, the See also:general See also:argument being that " to those who follow their reason in the interpretation of the Scriptures See also:God will either give his See also:- GRACE (Fr. grace, Lat. gratia, from grates, beloved, pleasing; formed from the root cra-, Gr. xav-, cf. xaipw, x6p,ua, Xapts)
- GRACE, WILLIAM GILBERT (1848– )
grace for assistance to find the truth or his See also:pardon if'they See also:miss it
.
And then this supposed See also:necessity of an infallible See also:guide (with the supposed damnation for the want of it) fall together to the ground." Also A See also:Letter
...
30 See also:Sept
.
1642 concerning the See also:late conflict before See also:Worcester (1642) and Poems, in which he shows himself a follower of See also:Ben Jonson, edited by A
.
B
.
See also:Grosart in Miscellanies of the See also:Fuller Worthies Library, vol. iii
.
(1871)
.
The chief See also:interest in Falkland does not See also:lie in his writings or in the incidents of his career, but in his character and the distinction of his intellectual position, in his See also:isolation from his contemporaries seeking reformation in the inward and spiritual See also:life of the church and state and not in its outward and material See also:form, and as the leader and chief of See also:rationalism in an age dominated by violent intolerance and narrow dogmatism
.
His See also:personal See also:appearance, according to Clarendon, was insignificant, " in no degree attractive or promising
.
His stature was See also:low and smaller than most men; his See also:motion not graceful ... but that little person and small stature was quickly found to contain a great heart
.
all mankind could not but admire and love him." 4
3 See also:Whitelocke, p
.
73
.
4 Life, i
.
37
.
and references there given; Clarendon's Hist. of the See also:Rebellion, passim and esp. vii
.
217-234; Clarendon's Life; Rational See also:Theology
in the 17th See also:Century, by John See also:Tulloch (1874), i
.
76; Life of See also:Lady Falkland from a MS. in the imperial library at See also:Lille (1861); Life of the same by Lady Georgiana See also:Fullerton (1883) ; Jonson's See also:Ode Pindaric to the memory and friendship of
.
. Sir Lucius Cary and Sir Henry Morrison; W
.
J
.
See also:Courthope, See also:History of See also:English ,See also:Poetry (i9o3), See also:ill
.
291; Life of Falkland, by W
.
H
.
Trale in the English-man's Library, vol
.
22 (1842) ; D
.
See also:Lloyd, Memoires (1668), 331; and the Life of Falkland, by Lady M
.
T
.
See also:Lewis in Lives of the Friends
.
. . of Lord See also:Chancellor Clarendon, vol. i. p
.
3
.
John See also:Duncan's See also:account of Lettice, Lady Falkland, was edited in 1908 by M
.
F
.
See also:Howard
.
(P
.
C
.
End of Article: