See also:

• FANG (FAN, FANWE, PANWE, PAHOUIN, PAOUEN, MPANGWE)

FANG (See also:

• FAN (Lat. vannus; Fr. eventail)

FAN, FANWE, PANWE, PAHOUIN, PAOUEN, MPANGWE)  , a powerful See also:

• AFRICAN

African See also:

• PEOPLE

people occupying the See also:

• GABUN

Gabun See also:

• DISTRICT

district See also:

• NORTH
• NORTH, BARONS
• NORTH, MARIANNE (1830—1890)
• NORTH, ROGER (1653-1734)
• NORTH, SIR THOMAS (1535?-16o1?)

north of the Ogowe See also:

• RIVER

river in See also:

• FRENCH
• FRENCH, DANIEL CHESTER (1850– )
• FRENCH, NICHOLAS (1604-1678)

French See also:

• CONGO

Congo . Their name means " men." They See also:

• CALL (from Anglo-Saxon ceallian, a common Teutonic word, cf. Dutch kallen, to talk or chatter)

call themselves Paawe, Fa°we and See also:

• FAN (Lat. vannus; Fr. eventail)

Fan with highly nasalized n . They are a finely-made See also:

• RACE

race of See also:

• CHOCOLATE

chocolate See also:

• COLOUR (Lat. color, connected with celare, to hide, the root meaning, therefore, being that of a covering)

colour; some few are very dark, but these are of slave origin . They have See also:

• BRIGHT, JOHN (1811-188g)
• BRIGHT, SIR CHARLES TILSTON

bright expressive See also:

• OVAL (Lat. ovum, egg)

oval faces with prominent cheek-bones . Many of them See also:

• FILE

file their See also:

• TEETH (O.E. Eel); plural of tooth, O.E. top)

teeth to points . Their See also:

• HAIR (a word common to Teutonic languages)

hair, which is woolly, is worn by the See also:

• WOMEN

women See also:

• LONG, GEORGE (1800-1879)
• LONG, JOHN DAVIS (1838– )

long, reaching below the nape of the See also:

• NECK (O. Eng. hnecca; the word appears in many Teutonic languages; cf. Dutch ride, Ger. Nacken; in O. E. the common word was heals; cf. Ger. Hals)

neck . The men See also:

• WEAR

wear it in a variety of shapes, often See also:

• BUILDING

building it up over a wooden See also:

• BASE

base . The growth of the hair appears abundant, but that on the See also:

• FACE (from Lat. fades, derived either from facere, to make, or from a root fa-, meaning " appear "; cf. Gr. cbatvstv)

face is usually removed . Little clothing is worn; the men wear a bark See also:

• WAIST

waist-See also:

• CLOTH

cloth, the women a See also:

• PLANTAIN (Lat. plantago)

plantain See also:

• GIRDLE (O. Eng. gyrdel, from gyrdan, to gird; cf. Ger. Gurtel, Dutch gordel, from giirten and gorden; "gird" and its doublet " girth " together with the other Teutonic cognates have been referred by some to the root ghar—to seize, enclose, seen in Gr. )(s

girdle, sometimes with a bustle of dried grass . A See also:

• CHIEF (from Fr. chef, head, Lat. caput)

chief wears a See also:

• LEOPARD

leopard's skin See also:

• ROUND (O. Fr. rond, Lat. rotundus, the Fr. is the source also of Du. rond; Ger., Swed., Dan. and Nor. rond)

round the shoulders . Both sexes See also:

• TATTOO

tattoo and paint the See also:

• BODY

body, and delight in ornaments of every See also:

• KIND (O. E. ge-cynde, from the same root as is seen in " kin," supra)

kind . The men, whose See also:

• SOLE (Solea)

sole occupations are fighting and See also:

• HUNTING (the verbal substantive from " hunt "; O. Eng. huntian, hunta; apparently connected with O. Eng. hentan, Gothic hinpan, to capture, O.H.G. hunda,booty)

hunting, all carry arms—muskets, spears for throwing and stabbing, and curious throwing-knives with See also:

• BLADES, WILLIAM (1824-1890)

blades broader than they are long .

Instead of bows and arrows they use crossbows made of See also:

• EBONY (Gr. E(3evos)

ebony, with which they See also:

• HUNT, ALFRED WILLIAM (183o-1896)
• HUNT, HENRY (1i73-1835)
• HUNT, HENRY JACKSON (1819-1889)
• HUNT, JAMES HENRY LEIGH (1784-1859)
• HUNT, ROBERT (1807-1887)
• HUNT, THOMAS STERRY (1826-1892)
• HUNT, WILLIAM HENRY (1790—1864)
• HUNT, WILLIAM HOLMAN (1827-1910)
• HUNT, WILLIAM MORRIS (1824-1879)

hunt apes and birds . In See also:

• BATTLE

battle the See also:

• FANG (FAN, FANWE, PANWE, PAHOUIN, PAOUEN, MPANGWE)

Fang used to carry See also:

• ELEPHANT

elephant hide See also:

• SHIELDS, JAMES (181b-1879)

shields; these have apparently been discarded . When first met by T . E . Bowdich (1815) the Paamways, as he calls the Fang, were an inland people inhabiting the hilly plateaus north of the Ogowe affluents . Now they have become the neighbours of the See also:

• MPONGWE (PONGOS)

Mpongwe (q.v.) of See also:

• GLASS
• GLASS (O.E. glees, cf. Ger. Glas, perhaps derived from an old Teutonic root gla-, a variant of glo-, having the general sense of shining, cf. " glare," " glow ")
• GLASS, STAINED

Glass and Libreville on the Komo river, while See also:

• SOUTH
• SOUTH, ROBERT (1634–1716)

south of the Gabun they have reached the See also:

• SEA (in O. Eng. sae, a common Teutonic word; cf. Ger. See, Dutch Zee, &c.; the ultimate source is uncertain)
• SEA, COMMAND OF THE

sea at several points . Their See also:

• ORIGINAL

original See also:

• HOME
• HOME, DANIEL DUNGLAS (1833-1886)
• HOME, EARLS OF

home is probably to be placed somewhere near the Congo . Their See also:

• LANGUAGE (adapted from the Fr. langage, from langue, tongue, Lat. lingua)

language, according to See also:

• SIR

Sir R . See also:

• BURTON, JOHN HILL (1809–1881)
• BURTON, ROBERT (1577-1640)
• BURTON, SIR FREDERICK WILLIAM (1816–f goo)
• BURTON, SIR RICHARD FRANCIS (1821-1890)
• BURTON, WILLIAM EVANS (1804-1860)

Burton, is soft and sweet and a contrast to their harsh voices, and the vocabularies collected prove it to be of the See also:

• BANTU

Bantu-See also:

• NEGROID

Negroid linguistic See also:

• FAMILY

family . W . Winwood See also:

• READE, CHARLES (1814-1884)

Reade (See also:

• SKETCH (directly adapted from Dutch schets, which was taken from Ital. schizzo, a rough draft, Lat. schedium, something hastily made, Gr. oxE&os, sudden, off-hand, axeb6v, near by; Ger. Skizze and Fr. esquisse are from the same source)

Sketch See also:

• BOOK

Book, i. p . 1(38) states that " it is like Mpongwe (a pure Bantu See also:

• IDIOM (Gr. t&%wµa, something peculiar and personal; lbws, one's own, personal)

idiom) cut in See also:

• HALF

half; for instance, njina (See also:

• GORILLA (or PoNGO)

gorilla) in Mpongwe is nji in Fan." The plural of the tribal name is formed in the usual Bantu way, Ba-Fang .

Morally the Fang are See also:

• SUPERIOR

superior to the See also:

• NEGRO (from Lat. eager, black)

negro . See also:

• MARY
• MARY (1457-1482)
• MARY (1496-1533)
• MARY, QUEEN OF SCOTS

Mary See also:

• KINGSLEY, CHARLES (1819-1875)
• KINGSLEY, HENRY (183o-1876)
• KINGSLEY, MARY HENRIETTA (1862-1900)

Kingsley writes: " The Fan is full of See also:

• FIRE (in O. Eng. f j'r; the word is common to West German languages, cf. Dutch vuur, Ger. Feuer; the pre-Teutonic form is seen in Sanskrit pu, pavaka, and Gr. irup; the ultimate origin is usually taken to be a root meaning to purify, cf. Lat. purus)

fire, See also:

• TEMPER (from Lat. temperare, to mingle or compound in due proportion, to qualify, rule, regulate, to be moderate, formed from tempos, time, fit or due season)

temper, intelligence and go, very teachable, rather difficult to See also:

• MANAGE

manage, See also:

• QUICK

quick to take offence, and utterly indifferent to human See also:

• LIFE

life." This latter characteristic has made the Fang dreaded by all their neighbours . They are noted cannibals, and ferocious in nature . Prisoners are badly treated and are often allowed to starve . The Fang are always fighting, but the battles are not bloody . After the fall of two or three warriors the bodies are dragged off to be devoured, and their See also:

• FRIENDS, SOCIETY
• FRIENDS, SOCIETY OF

friends disperse . Burton says that their See also:

• CANNIBALISM

cannibalism is limited to the See also:

• CONSUMPTION (Lat. consumere)

consumption of slain enemies; that the sick are not devoured; and that the dead are decently buried, except slaves, whose bodies are thrown into the See also:

• FOREST

forest . Mary Kingsley, on the other See also:

• HAND
• HAND (a word common to Teutonic languages; cf. Ger. Hand, Goth. handus)
• HAND, FERDINAND GOTTHELF (1786-185r)

hand, believed their cannibalism was not limited . She writes: " The Fan is not a cannibal for sacrificial motives, like the negro . He will eat his next See also:

• DOOR (corresponding to the Gr. Bbpa,. Lat. fores or valvae; the English word, with other forms common in allied languages, comes from the same Indo-European stem as the Gr. Obpa and Lat. fares)

door See also:

• NEIGHBOUR (O. Eng. neahgebiir, from Walt, " nigh," " near ")

neighbour's relation and sell his own deceased to his next door neighbour in return, but he does not buy slaves and fatten them up for his table as some of the See also:

• MIDDLE

middle Congo tribes do . He has no slaves, no prisoners of See also:

• WAR
• WAR (O. Eng. werre, Fr. guerre, of Teutonic origin; cf. O.H.G. werran, to confound)

war, no cemeteries, so you must draw your own conclusions." Among certain" tribes the aged alone are permitted to eat human flesh, which is See also:

• TABOO (also written tapu and tabu)

taboo for all others . There is no doubt that the cannibalism of the Fang is diminishing before the advance of See also:

• CIVILIZATION

civilization .

Apart from their ferocity, the Fang are an agreeable and industrious people . They are skilful workers in See also:

• IRON [symbol Fe, atomic weight 55.85 (0=16)]

iron and have a curious coinage called bikei, little iron See also:

• IMITATION (Lat. imitatio, from intitari, to imitate)

imitation axeheads tied up in bundles called stet, ten to a bundle; these are used chiefly in the See also:

• PURCHASE

purchase of wives . They are energetic traders and are skilled in pottery and in gardening . Their See also:

• RELIGION
• RELIGION, FOLKLORE, CUSTOM

religion appears to be a cpmbination of See also:

• PRIMITIVE

primitive See also:

• ANIMISM (from animus, or anima, mind or soul)

animism and ancestor See also:

• WORSHIP (i.e. " worth-ship," O. Eng. weor8scipe)

worship, with a belief in sympathetic magic . R . E . Dennett, Notes on the See also:

• FOLKLORE

Folklore of the Fjort (1898); See also:

• WILLIAM
• WILLIAM (1143-1214)
• WILLIAM (1227-1256)
• WILLIAM (1J33-1584)
• WILLIAM (A.S. Wilhelm, O. Norse Vilhidlmr; O. H. Ger. Willahelm, Willahalm, M. H. Ger. Willehelm, Willehalm, Mod.Ger. Wilhelm; Du. Willem; O. Fr. Villalme, Mod. Fr. Guillaume; from " will," Goth. vilja, and " helm," Goth. hilms, Old Norse hidlmr, meaning
• WILLIAM (c. 1130-C. 1190)
• WILLIAM, 13TH

William Winwood Reade, The African Sketch Book (1873) ; and (chiefly) A . L . See also:

• BENNETT, CHARLES EDWIN (1858- )
• BENNETT, JAMES GORDON (1794-1872)
• BENNETT, JOHN
• BENNETT, JOHN HUGHES (1812–1875)
• BENNETT, SIR WILLIAM STERNDALE (1816-1875)

Bennett, " Ethnographical Notes on the Fang," Journ . Anthr . Inst . N.S., p .

66, and L . Martron in Anthropos, t. i . (1906), fast . 4 .