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JOHN FECKENHAM (c. 1515-1584)

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Originally appearing in Volume V10, Page 233 of the 1911 Encyclopedia Britannica.
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JOHN See also:FECKENHAM (c. 1515-1584)  , See also:English ecclesiastic, last See also:abbot of See also:Westminster, was See also:born at See also:Feckenham, See also:Worcester-See also:shire, of ancestors who, by their See also:wills, seem to have been substantial yeomen . The See also:family name was Howman, but, according to the English See also:custom, Feckenham, on monastic profession, changed it for the territorial name by which he is always known . Learning his letters first from the See also:parish See also:priest, he was sent at an See also:early See also:age to the claustral school at See also:Evesham and thence, in his eighteenth See also:year, to See also:Gloucester See also:Hall, See also:Oxford, as a See also:Benedictine student . After taking his degree in arts, he returned to the See also:abbey, where he was professed; but he was at the university again in 1537 and took his B.D. on the 11th of See also:June 1539 . Returning to Evesham he was there when the abbey was surrendered to the See also:king (27th of See also:January 1540) ; and then, with a See also:pension of £10 a year, he once more went back to Oxford, but soon after became See also:chaplain to See also:Bishop See also:Bell of Worcester and then served See also:Bonner in that same capacity from 1543 to 1549 . In 1544 Bonner gave him the living of Solihull; and Feckenham established a reputation as a preacher and a disputant of keen See also:intellect but unvarying charity . About 1549 See also:Cranmer sent him to the See also:Tower of See also:London, and while there " he was borrowed out of See also:prison " to take See also:part in seven public disputations against See also:Hooper, See also:Jewel and others . Released by See also:Queen See also:Mary (5th of See also:September 1553), he returned to Bonner and became See also:prebendary of St See also:Paul's, See also:rector of See also:Finchley, then of Greenford Magna, chaplain and See also:confessor to the queen, and See also:dean of St Paul's (loth of See also:March 1554) . He took part, with much charity and mildness, in the Oxford disputes against Cranmer, See also:Latimer and See also:Ridley; but he had no liking for the fierce bigotry and bloody See also:measures then in force against Protestants . Feckenham used all his See also:influence with Mary " to procure See also:pardon of the faults or mitigation of the See also:punishment for poor Protestants " (See also:Fuller), and he was sent by the queen to prepare See also:Lady Jane See also:Grey for See also:death . When See also:Elizabeth was sent to the Tower (18th of March 1554), Feckenham interceded for her See also:life and See also:liberty, even at the cost of displeasing the queen . The royal abbey of Westminster having been restored to its See also:primitive use, Feckenham was appointed abbot, and the old life began again within its hallowed walls on the 21st of See also:November 1556 .

The abbey school was reopened and the See also:

shrine of St See also:Edward restored . On the See also:accession of Elizabeth Feckenham consistently opposed all the legislation for changes in See also:religion, and, when the See also:hour of trial came, he refused the See also:oath of supremacy, rejecting also Elizabeth's offer to remain with h's monks at Westminster if he would conform to the new See also:laws . The abbey was dissolved (12th of See also:July 1559), and within a year Feckenham was sent by See also:Archbishop See also:Parker to the Tower (loth of May 156o), according to Jewel, "for having obstinately refused attendance on public See also:worship and everywhere declaiming and railing against that religion which we now profess " (Parker Society, first See also:series, p . 79) . Henceforth, except for some brief periods when he was a prisoner at large, Feckenham spent the See also:rest of his life in confinement either in some recognized prison, or in the more distasteful and equally rigorous keeping of the bishops of See also:Winchester and See also:Ely . After fourteen years' confinement, he was released on See also:bail and lived in See also:Holborn, where his benevolence was shown by all manner of See also:works of charity . "He relieved the poor wheresoever he came, so that flies See also:flock not thicker to spilt See also:honey than beggars constantly See also:crowd about him " (Fuller) . He set up a public See also:aqueduct in Holborn, and a See also:hospice for the poor at See also:Bath; he distributed every See also:day to the sick the See also:milk of twelve cows, took care of orphans, and encouraged manly See also:sports on Sundays among the youth of London by giving prizes . In 1577 he was committed to the care of See also:Cox of Ely with strict rules for his treatment; and the bishop (1578) could find no See also:fault with him except that " he was a See also:gentle See also:person but in the popish religion too, too obstinate." In 158o he was removed to Wisbeach See also:Castle, and there exercised such an influence of charity and See also:peace among his See also:fellow-prisoners that was re-membered when, in after years, the notorious Wisbeach Stirs See also:broke out under the Jesuit See also:Weston . Even here Feckenham found a means of doing public See also:good; at his own cost he repaired the road and set up a See also:market See also:cross in the See also:town, After twenty-four years of suffering for his See also:conscience he died in prison and was buried in an unknown See also:grave in the parish See also:church at Wisbeach on the 16th of See also:October 1584 . The fullest See also:account of Feckenham is to be found in E . See also:Taunton's English See also:Black Monks of St See also:Benedict (London, 1897), vol. i. pp .

160-222 . (E .

End of Article: JOHN FECKENHAM (c. 1515-1584)
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