See also:

• JAMES
• JAMES (Gr. 'IlrKw,l3or, the Heb. Ya`akob or Jacob)
• JAMES (JAMES FRANCIS EDWARD STUART) (1688-1766)
• JAMES, 2ND EARL OF DOUGLAS AND MAR(c. 1358–1388)
• JAMES, DAVID (1839-1893)
• JAMES, EPISTLE OF
• JAMES, GEORGE PAYNE RAINSFOP
• JAMES, HENRY (1843— )
• JAMES, JOHN ANGELL (1785-1859)
• JAMES, THOMAS (c. 1573–1629)
• JAMES, WILLIAM (1842–1910)
• JAMES, WILLIAM (d. 1827)

JAMES See also:

• JAMES FERGUSSON (18o8-r886)
• FERGUSSON, ROBERT (1750-1774)
• FERGUSSON, SIR WILLIAM

FERGUSSON (18o8-r886)  , Scottish writer on See also:

• ARCHITECTURE (Lat. architectura, from the Gr. ap)(LTEKrwv, a master-builder)

architecture, was See also:

• BORN, IGNAZ, EDLER VON (1742–1791)

born at See also:

• AYR

Ayr on the 22nd of See also:

• JANUARY

January 18o8 . His See also:

• FATHER

father was an See also:

• ARMY
• ARMY (from Fr. armee, Lat. armata)

army surgeon . After being educated first at the See also:

• EDINBURGH

Edinburgh high school, and afterwards at a' private school at See also:

• HOUNSLOW

Hounslow, See also:

• JAMES
• JAMES (Gr. 'IlrKw,l3or, the Heb. Ya`akob or Jacob)
• JAMES (JAMES FRANCIS EDWARD STUART) (1688-1766)
• JAMES, 2ND EARL OF DOUGLAS AND MAR(c. 1358–1388)
• JAMES, DAVID (1839-1893)
• JAMES, EPISTLE OF
• JAMES, GEORGE PAYNE RAINSFOP
• JAMES, HENRY (1843— )
• JAMES, JOHN ANGELL (1785-1859)
• JAMES, THOMAS (c. 1573–1629)
• JAMES, WILLIAM (1842–1910)
• JAMES, WILLIAM (d. 1827)

James went to See also:

• CALCUTTA

Calcutta as partner in a See also:

• MERCANTILE (or COMMERCIAL) AGENCIES

mercantile See also:

• HOUSE
• HOUSE (O. Eng. hiss, a word common to Teutonic languages, cf. Dut. huis, Ger. Haus; in Gothic it is only found in gudhiss, a temple; it may be ultimately connected with the root of " hide," conceal)

house . Here he was attracted by the remains of the See also:

• ANCIENT
• ANCIENT (also spelt ANTIENT; derived, through the Fr. ancien, old, from the late Lat. antianum, from ante, before)

ancient architecture of See also:

• INDIA
• INDIA, FRENCH

India, little known or understood at that See also:

• TIME (0. Eng. Lima, cf. Icel. timi, Swed. timme, hour, Dan. time; from the root also seen in " tide," properly the time of between the flow and ebb of the sea, cf. O. Eng. getidan, to happen, " even-tide," &c.; it is not directly related to Lat. tempus)
• TIME, MEASUREMENT OF
• TIME, STANDARD

time . The successful conduct of an See also:

• INDIGO (earlier indico, from Lat. indicum, the Indian sub-stance or dye; the Sans. name was niti, from nila, dark blue, and this through Arab. al-nil, annil, gives " aniline ")

indigo factory, as he states in his own See also:

• ACCOUNT
• ACCOUNT (through O. Fr. acont, Late Lat. comptum, cornputare, to calculate)

account, enabled him in about ten years to retire from business and See also:

• SETTLE
• SETTLE, ELKANAH (1648–1724)

settle in See also:

• LONDON

London . The observations made on See also:

• INDIAN

Indian architecture were first embodied in his See also:

• BOOK

book on The See also:

• ROCK
• ROCK (O.Fr. rake, Sp. rota, Ital. rocca; possibly from a Lat. form rupica, from rupes, rock)
• ROCK, DANIEL (1799–187t)

Rock-cut Temples of India, published in 1845 . The task of analysing the historic and aesthetic relations of this type of ancient buildings led him further to undertake a See also:

• HISTORICAL

historical and See also:

• CRITICAL (in alphabetical order of authors)

critical See also:

• COMPARATIVE

comparative survey of the whole subject of architecture in The Handbook of Architecture, a See also:

• WORK

work which first appeared in 1855 . This did not satisfy him, and the work was reissued ten years later in a much more extended See also:

• FORM (Lat. forma)

form under the See also:

• TITLE (0. Fr. title, mod. titre, from Lat. titulus)

title of The See also:

• HISTORY

History of Architecture . The chapters on Indian architecture, which had been considered at rather disproportionate length in the See also:

• HAND
• HAND (a word common to Teutonic languages; cf. Ger. Hand, Goth. handus)
• HAND, FERDINAND GOTTHELF (1786-185r)

Hand-book, were removed from the See also:

• GENERAL
• GENERAL (Lat. generalis, of or relating to a genus, kind or class)

general History, and the whole of this subject treated more fully in a See also:

• SEPARATE

separate See also:

• VOLUME

volume, The History of Indian and Eastern Architecture, which appeared in 1876, and, although See also:

• COMPLETE

complete in itself, formed a See also:

• KIND (O. E. ge-cynde, from the same root as is seen in " kin," supra)

kind of appendix to The History of Architecture . Previously to this, in 1862, he issued his History of See also:

• MODERN

Modern Architecture, in which the subject was continued from the See also:

• RENAISSANCE, THE

Renaissance to the See also:

• PRESENT

present See also:

• DAY (O. Eng. dreg, Ger. Tag; according to the New English Dictionary, " in no way related to the Lat. dies")
• DAY, JOHN (1574-1640?)
• DAY, THOMAS (1748-1789)

day, the See also:

• PERIOD
• PERIOD (Gr. irepioSos, a going or way round, circuit, aepi, round, and &Sis, way, road)

period of " modern architecture " being distinguished as that of revivals and imitations of ancient styles, which began with the Renaissance . The essential difference between this and the spontaneously evolved architecture of preceding ages See also:

• FERGUSSON, JAMES (18o8-r886)
• FERGUSSON, ROBERT (1750-1774)
• FERGUSSON, SIR WILLIAM

Fergusson was the first clearly to point out and characterize . His See also:

• TREATISE

treatise on The True Principles of Beauty in See also:

• ART

Art, an See also:

• EARLY
• EARLY, JUBAL ANDERSON (1816-1894)

early publication, is a most thoughtful metaphysical study .

Some of his essays on See also:

• SPECIAL

special points in See also:

• ARCHAEOLOGY (from Gr. &pxa1a, ancient things, and Xoyos, theory or science)

archaeology, such as the treatise on The Mode in which See also:

• LIGHT

Light was introduced into See also:

• GREEK
• GREEK, ETRUSCAN AND

Greek Temples, included theories which have not received general See also:

• ACCEPTANCE (Lat. acceptare, frequentative form of accipere, to receive)

acceptance . His real See also:

• MONUMENT (Lat. monumentum or monumentum; from monere, to advise, bring to mind, remind; the German equivalent is Denkmal)

monument is his History of Architecture (later edition revised by R . Phene Spiers), which, for grasp of the whole subject, comprehensiveness of See also:

• PLAN
• PLAN (from Lat. planes, flat)

plan, and thoughtful critical See also:

• ANALYSIS (Gr. avci and Meta, to break up into parts)

analysis, stands quite alone in architectural literature . He received the See also:

• GOLD
• GOLD [symbol Au, atomic weight 195.7(H = 1),197.2(0 =16)]

gold See also:

• MEDAL (Fr. medaille, from Lat. metallum)

medal of the Royal See also:

• INSTITUTE (from Lat. instituere, to establish or set up)

Institute of See also:

• BRITISH

British Architects in 1871 . Among his See also:

• WORKS

works, besides those already mentioned, are: A Proposed New See also:

• SYSTEM

System of Fortification (1849), Palaces of See also:

• NINEVEH (Heb. m}'?, in classical authors Nivos, Ninus; LXX. Ntsetni, Nnveun: Assyrian Nind or Ninua)

Nineveh and See also:

• PERSEPOLIS

Persepolis restored (1851), See also:

• MAUSOLEUM

Mausoleum at See also:

• HALICARNASSUS (mod. Budrum)

Halicarnassus restored (1862), See also:

• TREE (0. Eng. treo, treow, cf. Dan. tree, Swed. Odd, tree, trd, timber; allied forms are found in Russ. drevo, Gr. opus, oak, and 36pv, spear, Welsh derw, Irish darog, oak, and Skr. dare, wood)
• TREE, SIR HERBERT BEERBOHM (1853- )

Tree and See also:

• SERPENT (Lat. serpens, creeping, from serpere; cf. "reptile " from repere, Gr.4 ml-eta)

Serpent See also:

• WORSHIP (i.e. " worth-ship," O. Eng. weor8scipe)

Worship (1868), See also:

• RUDE, FRANCOIS (1784–1855)

Rude See also:

• STONE
• STONE (0. Eng. shin; the word is common to Teutonic languages, cf. Ger. Stein, Du. steen, Dan. and Swed. sten; the root is also seen in Gr. aria, pebble)
• STONE, CHARLES POMEROY (1824-1887)
• STONE, EDWARD JAMES (1831-1897)
• STONE, FRANK (1800-1859)
• STONE, GEORGE (1708—1764)
• STONE, LUCY [BLACKWELL] (1818-1893)
• STONE, MARCUS (184o— )
• STONE, NICHOLAS (1586-1647)

Stone Monuments in all Countries (1872), and The Temples of the See also:

• JEWS
• JEWS (Heb. Y8hudi, man of Judah; Gr. 'Iovbaiot; Lat. Judaei)

Jews and the other Buildings in the Haram See also:

• AREA

Area at See also:

• JERUSALEM (Heb. ^S0-r, Yerushalaim, pronounced as a dual)
• JERUSALEM, SYNOD OF (1672)

Jerusalem (1878) . The sessional papers of the Institute of British Architects include papers by him on The History of the Pointed See also:

• ARCH
• ARCH, JOSEPH (1826– )

Arch, Architecture of See also:

• SOUTHERN

Southern India, Architectural Splendour of the See also:

• CITY (through Fr. cite, from Lat. civitas)

City of Beejapore, On the See also:

• ERECHTHEUM

Erechtheum and on the See also:

• TEMPLE
• TEMPLE, FREDERICK (1821-1902)
• TEMPLE, RICHARD
• TEMPLE, SIR RICHARD, BART
• TEMPLE, SIR WILLIAM, BART

Temple of See also:

• DIANA

Diana at See also:

• EPHESUS
• EPHESUS, COUNCIL OF

Ephesus . Although Fergusson never practised architecture he took a keen See also:

• INTEREST

interest in all the professional work of his time . He was adviser with See also:

• AUSTEN, JANE (1775-1817)

Austen See also:

• LAYARD, SIR AUSTEN HENRY (1817-1894)

Layard in the See also:

• SCHEME (Lat. schema, Gr. oxfjya, figure, form, from the root axe, seen in exeiv, to have, hold, to be of such shape, form, &c.)

scheme of decoration for the See also:

• ASSYRIAN

Assyrian See also:

• COURT
• COURT (from the O. Fr. court, Late Lat. cortis, curtis, a popular form of class. Lat. cohors, gen. cohortis; the mod. Fr. form tour is due to the influence of the Lat. curia, the word used in medieval documents to translate " court " in the feudal sense)
• COURT, ANTOINE (1696-176o)

court at the Crystal See also:

• PALACE (Lat. Palatium, the name given by Augustus to his residence on the Palatine Hill)

Palace, and indeed assumed in 1856 the duties of general manager to the Palace See also:

• COMPANY

Company, a See also:

• POST

post which he held for two years . In 1847 Fergusson had published an " See also:

• ESSAY, ESSAYIST (Fr. essai, Late Lat. exagium, a weighing or balance; exigere, to examine; the term in general meaning any trial or effort)

Essay on the Ancient See also:

• TOPOGRAPHY
• TOPOGRAPHY (Gr. Toros, place, -partied', to write)

Topography of Jerusalem," in which he had contended that the " See also:

• MOSQUE (through Fr. mosquie; Span. mezquila, from Arab. masjid, sajada, to adore)

Mosque of See also:

• OMAR (c. 581-644)

Omar " was the identical See also:

• CHURCH
• CHURCH (according to most authorities derived from the Gr. Kvpcaxov [&wµa], " the Lord's [house]," and common to many Teutonic, Slavonic and other languages under various forms—Scottish kirk, Ger. Kirche, Swed. kirka, Dan. kirke, Russ. tserkov, Buig. cerk
• CHURCH, FREDERICK EDWIN (1826-1900)
• CHURCH, GEORGE EARL (1835–1910)
• CHURCH, RICHARD WILLIAM (1815–189o)
• CHURCH, SIR RICHARD (1784–1873)

church built by See also:

• CONSTANTINE

Constantine the See also:

• GREAT

Great over the See also:

• TOMB (Gr. Tuµ/3a, Tuµ(3os, probably allied to Lat. tumulus, literally a swelling, tumere, to swell)

tomb of our See also:

• LORD
• LORD (O. Eng. hldford, i.e. hldfweard, the warder or keeper of bread, hlIf, loaf; the word is not represented in any other Teutonic language)
• LORD, JOHN (1810-1894)

Lord at Jerusalem, and that it, and not the present church of the See also:

• HOLY

Holy See also:

• SEPULCHRE, CANONS REGULAR OF THE HOLY
• SEPULCHRE, EASTER
• SEPULCHRE, THE HOLY

Sepulchre, was the genuine See also:

• BURIAL

burial-See also:

• PLACE (through Fr. from Lat. platea, street; Gr. IrAar6s, wide)

place of Jesus . The See also:

• BURDEN, or BURTHEN

burden of this contention was further explained by the publication in 186o of his Notes on the Site of the Holy Sepulchre at Jerusalem; and The Temples of the Jews and the other Buildings in the Haram Area at Jerusalem, published in 1878, was a still completer elaboration of these theories, which are said to have been the origin of the See also:

• ESTABLISHMENT (0. Fr. establissement, Fr. etablissement, late Norm. Fr. establishement, from O. Fr. establir, Fr. etablir, Lat. stabilire, to make stable)

establishment of the See also:

• PALESTINE

Palestine Exploration fund . His manifold activities continued till his See also:

• DEATH

death, which took place in London on the 9th of January 1886 .