FERN (from O. Eng. fearn, a word

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• COMMON

common to

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• TEUTONIC
• TEUTONIC (GERMANIC) LANGUAGES

Teutonic

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• LANGUAGES

languages, cf. Dutch varen, and Ger. Farn; the Indo-

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• EUROPEAN

European

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• ROOT (late O.E. rot, adopted from Scand., cf. Norw. and Swed. rot, Dan. rod; the true O.E. word was wyrt, plant, represented in Ger. Wurz or Wurzel; the ultimate root is the same in both words, and is seen in Lat. radix)
• ROOT, ELIHU (1845– )

root, seen in the

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• SANSKRIT

Sanskrit parna, a

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• FEATHER (0. Eng. (ether, Ger. Feder, from an Indo-European root seen also in Gr. lrrepov, and aEreo-Oat, to fly)

feather, shows the

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• PRIMARY

primary meaning; cf. Gr. rmep6 , feather, rTepis, fern) , a name often used to denote the whole botanical class of Pteridophytes, including both the true ferns, Filicales, by far the largest group of this class in the existing flora, and the fern-like plants, Equisetales, Sphenophyllales, Lycopodiales (see PTERIDOPHYTA) .