See also:

• FIELDFARE (O.E. fealo for=fallow-farer)

FIELDFARE (O.E. fealo for=See also:

• FALLOW

fallow-farer)  , a large See also:

• SPECIES

species of See also:

• THRUSH (A. S. Prysce, Icel. priistr, Norw. Trast, O. H. Ger. Drosce, whence the mod. Ger. prossel, to be compared with the analogous English form Throstle,l now almost obsolete, both being apparently diminutives)

thrush, the Turdus pilaris of See also:

• LINNAEUS

Linnaeus—well known as a See also:

• REGULAR

regular and See also:

• COMMON

common autumnal visitor throughout the See also:

• BRITISH

British Islands and a See also:

• GREAT

great See also:

• PART

part of See also:

• EUROPE

Europe, besides western See also:

• ASIA

Asia, and even reaching See also:

• NORTHERN

northern See also:

• AFRICA
• AFRICA, ROMAN

Africa . It is the Veldjakker and Veld-lyster of the Dutch, the Wachholderdrossel and Kramtsvogel of Germans, the Litorne of the See also:

• FRENCH
• FRENCH, DANIEL CHESTER (1850– )
• FRENCH, NICHOLAS (1604-1678)

French, and the See also:

• CESENA (anc. Caesena)

Cesena of Italians . This See also:

• BIRD

bird is of all thrushes the most gregarious in See also:

• HABIT (through the French from Lat. habitus, from habere, to have, hold, or, in a reflective sense, to be in a certain condition; in many of the English senses the French use habitude, not habit)

habit, not only migrating in large bands and keeping in flocks during the See also:

• WINTER, JOHN STRANGE
• WINTER, PETER (c. 1755-1825)

winter, but even commonly breeding in society—zoo nests or more having been seen within a very small space . The See also:

• BIRCH
• BIRCH (Betula)
• BIRCH, SAMUEL (1813–1885)
• BIRCH, THOMAS (1705-1766)

birch-forests of See also:

• NORWAY
• NORWAY (Norge)

Norway, See also:

• SWEDEN
• SWEDEN [Sverige]
• SWEDEN, NORWAY AND

Sweden and See also:

• RUSSIA
• RUSSIA (Rossiya)

Russia are its See also:

• CHIEF (from Fr. chef, head, Lat. caput)

chief resorts in summer, but it is known also to breed sparingly in some districts of See also:

• GERMANY
• GERMANY (Ger. Deutschland)

Germany . Though its See also:

• NEST

nest has been many times reported to have been found in See also:

• SCOTLAND
• SCOTLAND, CHURCH OF
• SCOTLAND, EPISCOPAL CHURCH OF

Scotland, there is perhaps no See also:

• RECORD (Lat. recordari, to recall to mind, from cor, heart or mind)

record of such an incident that is not open to doubt; and unquestionably the missel-thrush (T. viscivorus) has been often mistaken for the See also:

• FIELDFARE (O.E. fealo for=fallow-farer)

fieldfare by indifferent observers . The See also:

• HEAD (in 0. Eng. heafad; the word is common to Teutonic languages; cf. Dutch hoofd, Ger. Haupt, generally taken to be in origin connected with Lat. caput, Gr. KerbOvi7)
• HEAD, SIR EDMUND WALKER, BART
• HEAD, SIR FRANCIS BOND, BART

head, See also:

• NECK (O. Eng. hnecca; the word appears in many Teutonic languages; cf. Dutch ride, Ger. Nacken; in O. E. the common word was heals; cf. Ger. Hals)

neck, upper part of the back and the rump are See also:

• GREY, CHARLES GREY, 2ND EARL (1764-1845)
• GREY, HENRY GREY, 3RD EARL (1802-1894)
• GREY, LADY JANE (1537-1554)
• GREY, SIR EDWARD
• GREY, SIR GEORGE (1812–1898)

grey; the wings, wing-coverts and See also:

• MIDDLE

middle of the back are See also:

• RICH, BARNABE (c. 1540-1617)
• RICH, CLAUDIUS JAMES (1787-1821)
• RICH, JOHN (1692-1761)
• RICH, PENELOPE, LADY (c. 1562–1607)
• RICH, RICHARD, 1ST BARON RICH (1490?-1567)

rich See also:

• HAZEL (0. Eng. hresell; cf. Ger. Hasel, Swed. and Dan. Kassel, &c.,; Fr. noiselier, coudrier)

hazel-See also:

• BROWN
• BROWN, CHARLES BROCKDEN (1771-181o)
• BROWN, FORD MADOX (1821-1893)
• BROWN, FRANCIS (1849- )
• BROWN, GEORGE (1818-188o)
• BROWN, HENRY KIRKE (1814-1886)
• BROWN, JACOB (1775–1828)
• BROWN, JOHN (1715–1766)
• BROWN, JOHN (1722-1787)
• BROWN, JOHN (1735–1788)
• BROWN, JOHN (1784–1858)
• BROWN, JOHN (1800-1859)
• BROWN, JOHN (1810—1882)
• BROWN, JOHN GEORGE (1831— )
• BROWN, ROBERT (1773-1858)
• BROWN, SAMUEL MORISON (1817—1856)
• BROWN, SIR GEORGE (1790-1865)
• BROWN, SIR JOHN (1816-1896)
• BROWN, SIR WILLIAM, BART
• BROWN, THOMAS (1663-1704)
• BROWN, THOMAS (1778-1820)
• BROWN, THOMAS EDWARD (1830-1897)
• BROWN, WILLIAM LAURENCE (1755–1830)

brown; the See also:

• THROAT (O. Eng. protu, prote or }Prota, possibly from preotan, to press, whence threat, or, with loss of initial s, connected with strut, to swell)

throat is ochraceous; and the See also:

• BREAST (a word common to Teutonic languages, cf. the Ger. Brust, possibly connected with an O. Sax. brustian, to bud)

breast reddish-brownboth being streaked or spotted with See also:

• BLACK
• BLACK, ADAM (1784-1874)
• BLACK, JEREMIAH SULLIVAN (1810–1883)
• BLACK, WILLIAM (1841-1898)

black, while the belly and See also:

• LOWER

lower wing-coverts are See also:

• WHITE
• WHITE, ANDREW DICKSON (1832– )
• WHITE, GILBERT (1720–1793)
• WHITE, HENRY KIRKE (1785-1806)
• WHITE, HUGH LAWSON (1773-1840)
• WHITE, JOSEPH BLANCO (1775-1841)
• WHITE, RICHARD GRANT (1822-1885)
• WHITE, ROBERT (1645-1704)
• WHITE, SIR GEORGE STUART (1835– )
• WHITE, SIR THOMAS (1492-1567)
• WHITE, SIR WILLIAM ARTHUR (1824--1891)
• WHITE, SIR WILLIAM HENRY (1845– )
• WHITE, THOMAS (1628-1698)
• WHITE, THOMAS (c. 1550-1624)

white, and the legs and toes very dark-brown . The nest and eggs resemble those of the See also:

• BLACKBIRD (Turdus merula)

blackbird (T. See also:

• MERULA

merula), but the former is usually built high up in a See also:

• TREE (0. Eng. treo, treow, cf. Dan. tree, Swed. Odd, tree, trd, timber; allied forms are found in Russ. drevo, Gr. opus, oak, and 36pv, spear, Welsh derw, Irish darog, oak, and Skr. dare, wood)
• TREE, SIR HERBERT BEERBOHM (1853- )

tree . The fieldfare's See also:

• CALL (from Anglo-Saxon ceallian, a common Teutonic word, cf. Dutch kallen, to talk or chatter)

call-See also:

• NOTE
• NOTE (Lat. nota, mark, sign, from noscere, to know)

note is harsh and loud, See also:

• SOUNDING (for derivation see SOUND above)

sounding like t'chatt'chat: its See also:

• SONG

song is See also:

• LOW, SETH (1850- )
• LOW, WILL HICOK (1853- )

low, twittering and poor . It usually arrives in See also:

• BRITAIN (Gr. Hperavuml vi7vot, Bperravia; Lat. Britannia, rarely Britannia)

Britain about the middle or end of See also:

• OCTOBER

October; but sometimes earlier, and often remains till the middle of May before departing for its northern breeding-places . In hard See also:

• WEATHER (O. Eng. weder; the word is common to Teutonic languages; cf. Du. weder, Dan. veir, Icel. ve8r, and Ger. Wetter and Gewitter, storm; the root is wa- to blow, from which is derived " wind ")

weather it throngs to the See also:

• BERRY, CHARLES ALBERT (1852-1899)
• BERRY, CHARLES FERDINAND
• BERRY, JOHN, DUKE OF (1340-1416)
• BERRY, or BERRI

berry-bearing bushes which then afford it sustenance, but in open winters the flocks spread over the See also:

• FIELDS, JAMES THOMAS (1817-1881)

fields in See also:

• SEARCH, or VISIT AND SEARCH

search of See also:

• ANIMAL
• ANIMAL (Lat. animalis, from anima, breath, soul)

animal See also:

• FOOD
• FOOD (like the verb " to feed," from a Teutonic root, whence O. Eng. foda; cf. " fodder "; connected with Gr. lrareicOae, to feed)

food-See also:

• WORMS

worms, slugs and the larvae of See also:

• INSECTS

insects . In very severe seasons it will altogether leave the See also:

• COUNTRY (from the Mid. Eng. contre or contrie, and O. Fr. cuntree; Late Lat. contrata, showing the derivation from contra, opposite, over against, thus the tract of land which fronts the sight, cf. Ger. Gegend, neighbourhood)

country, and then return for a shorter or longer See also:

• TIME (0. Eng. Lima, cf. Icel. timi, Swed. timme, hour, Dan. time; from the root also seen in " tide," properly the time of between the flow and ebb of the sea, cf. O. Eng. getidan, to happen, " even-tide," &c.; it is not directly related to Lat. tempus)
• TIME, MEASUREMENT OF
• TIME, STANDARD

time as See also:

• SPRING (from " to spring," " to leap or jump up," " burst out," O. Eng., springau, a common Teut. word, cf. Ger. springer, possibly allied to Gr. QnrFpxecOac, to move rapidly)

spring approaches . From See also:

• WILLIAM
• WILLIAM (1143-1214)
• WILLIAM (1227-1256)
• WILLIAM (1J33-1584)
• WILLIAM (A.S. Wilhelm, O. Norse Vilhidlmr; O. H. Ger. Willahelm, Willahalm, M. H. Ger. Willehelm, Willehalm, Mod.Ger. Wilhelm; Du. Willem; O. Fr. Villalme, Mod. Fr. Guillaume; from " will," Goth. vilja, and " helm," Goth. hilms, Old Norse hidlmr, meaning
• WILLIAM (c. 1130-C. 1190)
• WILLIAM, 13TH

William of Palerne (translated from the French c .

1350) to the writers of our own See also:

• DAY (O. Eng. dreg, Ger. Tag; according to the New English Dictionary, " in no way related to the Lat. dies")
• DAY, JOHN (1574-1640?)
• DAY, THOMAS (1748-1789)

day the fieldfare has occasionally been noticed by British poets with varying propriety . Thus See also:

• CHAUCER, GEOFFREY (? 1340-1400)

Chaucer's association of its name with See also:

• FROST (a common Teutonic word, cf. Dutch, vorst, Ger. Frost, from the common Teutonic verb meaning " to freeze," Dutch, vriezcn, Ger. frieren; the Indo-European root is seen in Lat. pruina, hoar-frost, cf. prurire, to itch, burn, pruna, burning coal, Sans
• FROST, WILLIAM EDWARD (1810–1877)

frost is as happy as true, while See also:

• SCOTT, ALEXANDER (fl. 1550)
• SCOTT, DAVID (18o6-1849)
• SCOTT, MICHAEL (1789-1835)
• SCOTT, ROBERT (1811-1887)
• SCOTT, SIR GEORGE GILBERT (1811-1878)
• SCOTT, SIR WALTER, BART
• SCOTT, WILLIAM BELL (1811-1890)
• SCOTT, WINFIELD (1786-1866)

Scott was more than unlucky in his well-known reference to its lowly nest " in the See also:

• HIGHLANDS, THE

Highlands . Structurally very like the fieldfare, but differing greatly in many other respects, is the bird known in See also:

• NORTH
• NORTH, BARONS
• NORTH, MARIANNE (1830—1890)
• NORTH, ROGER (1653-1734)
• NORTH, SIR THOMAS (1535?-16o1?)

North See also:

• AMERICA

America as the " See also:

• ROBIN

robin "—its ruddy breast and See also:

• FAMILIAR (through the Fr. familier, from Lat. familiaris, of or belonging to the familia, family)

familiar habits reminding the See also:

• EARLY
• EARLY, JUBAL ANDERSON (1816-1894)

early British settlers in the New See also:

• WORLD

World of the See also:

• HOUSEHOLD, ROYAL

household favourite of their former homes . This bird, the Turdus migratorius of Linnaeus, has a wide See also:

• GEOGRAPHICAL

geographical range, extending from the See also:

• ATLANTIC

Atlantic to the Pacific, and from See also:

• GREENLAND (Danish, &c., Gronland)

Greenland to See also:

• GUATEMALA (sometimes incorrectly written GUATIMALA)
• GUATEMALA, or GUATEMALA LA NUEVA (i.e. " New Guatemala," sometimes written Nueva Guatemala, and formerly Santiago de los Caballeros de Guatemala)

Guatemala, and, except at its extreme limits, is almost everywhere a very abundant species . As its scientific name imports, it is essentially a migrant, and gathers in flocks to pass the winter in the See also:

• SOUTH
• SOUTH, ROBERT (1634–1716)

south, though a few remain in New See also:

• ENGLAND
• ENGLAND, THE CHURCH OF

England throughout the See also:

• YEAR

year . Yet its social instincts paint rather in the direction of See also:

• MAN
• MAN, ISLE OF (anc. Mona)

man than of its own See also:

• KIND (O. E. ge-cynde, from the same root as is seen in " kin," supra)

kind, and it is not known to breed in companies, while it affects the homesteads, villages and even the parks and gardens of the large cities, where its See also:

• FINE

fine song, its attractive plumage, and its great services as a destroyer of noxious insects, combine to make it justly popular . (A .