See also:

• SIR

SIR See also:

• ROBERT
• ROBERT (1275—1343)
• ROBERT, HUBERT (1753-1808)
• ROBERT, LOUIS LEOPOLD (1794-1835)

ROBERT See also:

• SIR ROBERT FILMER (d. 1653)

FILMER (d. 1653)  , See also:

• ENGLISH

English See also:

• POLITICAL

political writer, was the son of See also:

• SIR

Sir See also:

• EDWARD

Edward See also:

• FILMER, SIR ROBERT (d. 1653)

Filmer of See also:

• EAST
• EAST, ALFRED (1849- )

East See also:

• SUTTON
• SUTTON, SIR RICHARD (d. c. 1524)
• SUTTON, THOMAS (c. 1532—1611)

Sutton in See also:

• KENT
• KENT, EARLS AND DUKES OF
• KENT, JAMES (1763-1847)
• KENT, WILLIAM (1685-1748)

Kent . He studied at Trinity See also:

• COLLEGE (Collegium)

College, See also:

• CAMBRIDGE
• CAMBRIDGE, EARLS AND DUKES OF
• CAMBRIDGE, RICHARD OWEN (1717-1802)

Cambridge, where he matriculated in 1604 . Knighted by See also:

• CHARLES
• CHARLES (1270-1325)
• CHARLES (1421-1461)
• CHARLES (1525-1574)
• CHARLES (c. 1319-1364)
• CHARLES (Fr. Charles; Span. Carlos; Ital. Carlo; Ger. Karl; derived from O.H.G. Charal,latinized as Carolus, meaning originally " man ": cf. Mod.Ger., Kerl," fellow," A.S. ceorl, Mod. Eng. " churl ")
• CHARLES (KARL EITEL ZEPHYRIN LUDWIG; in Rum. CAROL)
• CHARLES [KARL ALEXANDER] (1712-1780)
• CHARLES, ELIZABETH (1828-1896)
• CHARLES, JACQUES ALEXANDRE CESAR (1746-1823)
• CHARLES, THOMAS (1755-1814)

Charles I. at the beginning of his reign, hewas an ardent supporter of the See also:

• KING
• KING (O. Eng. cyning, abbreviated into cyng, cing; cf. O. H. G. chun- kuning, chun- kunig, M.H.G. kiinic, kiinec, kiinc, Mod. Ger. Konig, O. Norse konungr, kongr, Swed. konung, kung)
• KING [OF OCKHAM], PETER KING, 1ST BARON (1669-1734)
• KING, CHARLES WILLIAM (1818-1888)
• KING, CLARENCE (1842–1901)
• KING, EDWARD (1612–1637)
• KING, EDWARD (1829–1910)
• KING, HENRY (1591-1669)
• KING, RUFUS (1755–1827)
• KING, THOMAS (1730–1805)
• KING, WILLIAM (1650-1729)
• KING, WILLIAM (1663–1712)

king's cause, and his See also:

• HOUSE
• HOUSE (O. Eng. hiss, a word common to Teutonic languages, cf. Dut. huis, Ger. Haus; in Gothic it is only found in gudhiss, a temple; it may be ultimately connected with the root of " hide," conceal)

house is said to have been plundered by the parliamentarians ten times . He died on the 26th of May 1653 . Filmer was already a See also:

• MIDDLE

middle-aged See also:

• MAN
• MAN, ISLE OF (anc. Mona)

man when the See also:

• GREAT

great controversy between the king and the See also:

• COMMONS

Commons roused him into See also:

• LITERARY

literary activity . His writings afford an exceedingly curious example of the doctrines held by the most extreme See also:

• SECTION
• SECTION (Lat. sectio, cutting, secare, to cut)

section of the Divine Right party . Filmer's theory is founded upon the statement that the See also:

• GOVERNMENT
• GOVERNMENT (0. Fr. governement, mod. gouvernement, O. Fr. governer, mod. gouverner, from Lat. gubernare, to steer a ship, guide, rule; cf. Gr. xv(3epvav)

government of a See also:

• FAMILY

family by the See also:

• FATHER

father is the true See also:

• ORIGINAL

original and See also:

• MODEL (0. Fr. modelle, mod. modele; It. modello, pattern, mould; from Lat. modus, measure, standard)

model of all government . In the beginning of the See also:

• WORLD

world See also:

• GOD

God gave authority to See also:

• ADAM
• ADAM (or ADAN) DE LE HALE (died c. 1288)
• ADAM, ALEXANDER (1741–1809)
• ADAM, JULIETTE (1836– )
• ADAM, LAMBERT SIGISBERT (1700-1759)
• ADAM, MELCHIOR (d. 1622)
• ADAM, PAUL (1862– )
• ADAM, ROBERT (1728—1792)
• ADAM, SIR FREDERICK (1781-1853)
• ADAM, WILLIAM (1751-1839)

Adam, who had See also:

• COMPLETE

complete See also:

• CONTROL (Fr. contrdle, older form contre rolle, from Med. Lat. contra-rotulus, a counter roll or copy of a document used to check the original; there is no instance in English of the use of " control " in this, its literal, meaning)

control over his descend-ants, even as to See also:

• LIFE

life and See also:

• DEATH

death . From Adam this authority was inherited by See also:

• NOAH (ni, rest; Septuagint, New Testament, Philo, Josephus, Na*, N&i os, Nweos: Vulg. Noe)

Noah; and Filmer quotes as not unlikely the tradition that Noah sailed up the Mediterranean and allotted the three continents of the Old World to the See also:

• RULE

rule of his three sons . From See also:

• SHEM (Hebrew for " name, renown, posterity ")

Shem, See also:

• HAM

Ham and See also:

• JAPHETH (np.:)

Japheth the patriarchs inherited the See also:

• ABSOLUTE (Lat. absolvere, to loose, set free)

absolute See also:

• POWER [WILLIAM GRATTAN] TYRONE (1797-1841)

power which they exercised over their families and servants; and from the patriarchs all See also:

• KINGS, FIRST AND SECOND BOOKS OF

kings and See also:

• GOVERNORS

governors (whether a single monarch or a governing See also:

• ASSEMBLY, UNLAWFUL

assembly) derive their authority, which is therefore absolute, and founded upon divine right . The difficulty that a man " by the See also:

• SECRET (Lat. secretum, hidden, concealed)

secret will of God may unjustly" attain to power which he has not inherited appeared to Filmer in no way to alter the nature of the power so obtained, for " there is, and always shall be continued to the end of the world, a natural right of a supreme father over every multitude." The king is perfectly See also:

• FREE

free from all human control . He cannot be See also:

• BOUND, or BOUNDARY (from O. Fr. bonde, Med. Lat. bodena or butina, a frontier line)

bound by the acts of his predecessors, for which he is not responsible; nor by his own, for " impossible it is in nature that a man should give a See also:

• LAW
• LAW (0. Eng. lagu, M. Eng. lawe; from an old Teutonic root lag, " lie," what lies fixed or evenly; cf. Lat. lex, Fr. loi)
• LAW, JOHN (1671—1729)
• LAW, WILLIAM (1686-1761)

law unto himself "—a law must be imposed by another than the See also:

• PERSON, OFFENCES AGAINST THE

person bound by it .

With regard to the English constitution, he asserted, in his Freeholder's See also:

• GRAND

Grand See also:

• INQUEST (O. Fr. enqueste, modern enqueete, from Lat.inquisitum, inquirere, to inquire)

Inquest touching our See also:

• SOVEREIGN

Sovereign See also:

• LORD
• LORD (O. Eng. hldford, i.e. hldfweard, the warder or keeper of bread, hlIf, loaf; the word is not represented in any other Teutonic language)
• LORD, JOHN (1810-1894)

Lord the King and his See also:

• PARLIAMENT (Anglo-Lat. parliamentum, Fr. parlement, from parler, to speak)

Parliament (1648), that the Lords only give counsel to the king, the Commons only " perform and consent to the ordinances of parliament," and the king alone is the maker of See also:

• LAWS

laws, which proceed purely from his will . It is monstrous that the See also:

• PEOPLE

people should See also:

• JUDGE (Lat. judex, Fr. juge)

judge or depose their king, for they would then be See also:

• JUDGES, THE BOOK OF

judges in their own cause . The most complete expression of Filmer's opinions is given in the Patriarcha, which was published in 168o, many years after his death . His position, however, was sufficiently indicated by the See also:

• WORKS

works which he published during his lifetime: the Anarchy of a Limited and Mixed See also:

• MONARCHY (Fr. monarchic, from Lat. monarchia, Gr. uovapXia, rule of one, µbvos, alone, apXi7, rule)

Monarchy (1648), an attack upon a See also:

• TREATISE

treatise on monarchy by See also:

• PHILIP
• PHILIP (Gr.'FiXtrsro , fond of horses, from dn)^eiv, to love, and limos, horse; Lat. Philip pus, whence e.g. M. H. Ger. Philippes, Dutch Filips, and, with dropping of the final s, It. Filippo, Fr. Philippe, Ger. Philipp, Sp. Felipe)
• PHILIP, JOHN (1775-1851)
• PHILIP, KING (c. 1639-1676)
• PHILIP, LANOGRAVE OF HESSE (1504-1567)

Philip Hunton (1604 ?-1682), who maintained that the king's See also:

• PREROGATIVE

prerogative is not See also:

• SUPERIOR

superior to the authority of the houses of parliament; the pamphlet entitled The Power of Kings, and in particular of the King of See also:

• ENGLAND
• ENGLAND, THE CHURCH OF

England (1648), first published in 1680; and his Observations upon Mr See also:

• HOBBES, THOMAS (1588–1679)

Hobbes's See also:

• LEVIATHAN

Leviathan, Mr See also:

• MILTON
• MILTON, JOHN (1608–1674)

Milton against See also:

• SALMASIUS, CLAUDIUS

Salmasius, and H . See also:

• GROTIUS, HUGO (1583-1645)

Grotius De jure See also:

• BELLI, GIUSEPPE GIOACHINO (1791-1863)

belli et pacis, concerning the Originall of Government (1652) . Filmer's theory, owing to the circumstances of the See also:

• TIME (0. Eng. Lima, cf. Icel. timi, Swed. timme, hour, Dan. time; from the root also seen in " tide," properly the time of between the flow and ebb of the sea, cf. O. Eng. getidan, to happen, " even-tide," &c.; it is not directly related to Lat. tempus)
• TIME, MEASUREMENT OF
• TIME, STANDARD

time, obtained a recognition which it is now difficult to understand . Nine years after the publication of the Patriarcha, at the time of the Revolution which banished the Stuarts from the See also:

• THRONE

throne, See also:

• LOCKE, GOTTFRIED CHRISTIAN FRIEDRICH (1791–1855)
• LOCKE, JOHN (1632-1704)
• LOCKE, MATTHEW (c. 1630-1677)

Locke singled out Filmer as the most remarkable of the See also:

• ADVOCATES, FACULTY OF

advocates of Divine Right, and thought it See also:

• WORTH
• WORTH, CHARLES FREDERICK (1825-1895)

worth while to attack him expressly in the first See also:

• PART

part of the Treatise on Government, going into all his arguments seriatim, and especially pointing out that even if the first steps of his See also:

• ARGUMENT

argument be granted, the rights of the eldest See also:

• BORN, IGNAZ, EDLER VON (1742–1791)

born have been so often set aside that See also:

• MODERN

modern kings can claim no such See also:

• INHERITANCE

inheritance of authority as he asserted .