FIRMAMENT  , the See also:

• SKY (M. Eng. skie, cloud; O. Eng. skua, shade; connected with an Indo-European root sku, cover, whence " scum," Lat. obscurus, dark, &c.)

sky, the heavens . In the See also:

• VULGATE (from Lat. vulgus, the common people)

Vulgate the word firmamentum, which means in classical Latin a strengthening or support (firmare, to make See also:

• FIRM

firm or strong) was used as the See also:

• EQUIVALENT

equivalent of amepiwp,a (arepeoew, to make firm or solid) in the LXX., which translates the Heb. rdgiya` . The See also:

• HEBREW

Hebrew probably signifies literally " expanse," and is thus used of the expanse or vault of the sky, the verb from which it is derived meaning " to See also:

• BEAT (a word common in various forms to the Teutonic languages; it is connected with the similar Romanic words derived from the Late Lat. battere)

beat out." In See also:

• SYRIAC

Syriac the verb means " to make firm," and is the See also:

• DIRECT

direct source of the Gr. are piw,ua and the See also:

• LAT

Lat. firmamentum . In See also:

• ANCIENT
• ANCIENT (also spelt ANTIENT; derived, through the Fr. ancien, old, from the late Lat. antianum, from ante, before)

ancient See also:

• ASTRONOMY (from Gr. &arpov, a star, and v ,usiv, to classify or arrange)

astronomy the firmament was the eighth See also:

• SPHERE (Gr. vclsa?pa, a ball or globe)

sphere containing the fixed stars surrounding the seven See also:

• SPHERES, MUSIC OF THE

spheres of the See also:

• PLANETS, MINOR

planets .