See also:

• FIRMAN (an adaptation of the Per. ferman, a mandate or patent, cognate with the Sanskrit pramdna, a measure, authority)

FIRMAN (an See also:

• ADAPTATION (from Lat. adaptare. to fit to)

adaptation of the Per. ferman, a See also:

• MANDATE (Mandatum)

mandate or patent, cognate with the See also:

• SANSKRIT

Sanskrit pramdna, a measure, authority)  , an See also:

• EDICT (Lat. edictum, from e, out, and dicere, to say, speak)

edict of an See also:

• ORIENTAL

oriental See also:

• SOVEREIGN

sovereign, used specially to designate decrees, grants, passports, &c., issued by the See also:

• SULTAN (an Arabic word meaning " victorious " or " a ruler," sultat, dominion)

sultan of See also:

• TURKEY

Turkey and signed by one of his ministers . A See also:

• DECREE (from the past participle, decretus, of Lat. decernere)

decree bearing the sultan's sign-See also:

• MANUAL

manual and See also:

• DRAWN

drawn up with See also:

• SPECIAL

special formalities is termed a hatti-sherif, Arabic words meaning a See also:

• LINE

line, See also:

• WRITING
• WRITING (the verbal noun of " to write," O. Eng. writan, to inscribe)

writing or command, and lofty, See also:

• NOBLE, SIR ANDREW (1832- )

noble . A written decree of an See also:

• OTTOMAN

Ottoman sultan is also termed an irade, the word being taken from the Arab. iradd, will, volition, See also:

• ORDER
• ORDER (through Fr. ordre, for earlier ordene, from Lat. ordo, ordinis, rank, service, arrangement; the ultimate source is generally taken to be the root seen in Lat. oriri, rise, arise, begin; cf. " origin ")
• ORDER, HOLY

order .