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HAMILTON FISH (1808-1893)

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Originally appearing in Volume V10, Page 427 of the 1911 Encyclopedia Britannica.
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HAMILTON See also:FISH (1808-1893)  , See also:American statesman, was See also:born in New See also:York See also:City on the 3rd of See also:August 18o8 . His See also:father, See also:Nicholas See also:Fish (1758-1833), served in the American See also:army during the See also:War of American See also:Independence, rising to the See also:rank of See also:lieutenant-See also:colonel . The son graduated at See also:Columbia See also:College in 1827, and in 183o was admitted to the See also:bar, but practised only a See also:short See also:time . In 1843–1845 he was a Whig representative in See also:Congress . He was the Whig See also:candidate for lieutenant-See also:governor of New York in 1846, and was defeated by See also:Addison See also:Gardner (Democrat); but when in 1847 Gardner was appointed a See also:judge of the See also:state See also:court of appeals, Fish was elected (See also:November 1847) to See also:complete the See also:term (to See also:January 1849) . He was governor of New York state from 1849 to 1851, and was See also:United States senator in 1851-1857, acting with the Republicans during the last See also:part of his term . In 1861–1862 he was associated with See also:John A . See also:Dix, See also:William M . See also:Evarts, William E . See also:Dodge, A . T . See also:Stewart, John See also:Jacob See also:Astor, and other New York men, on the See also:Union See also:Defence See also:Committee, which (from See also:April 22, 1861, to April 30, 1862) co-operated with the municipal See also:government in the raising and equipping of troops, and disbursed more than a million dollars for the See also:relief of New York See also:volunteers and their families .

Fish was secretary of state during See also:

President See also:Grant's two ad-ministrations (1869-1877) . He conducted the negotiations with See also:Great See also:Britain which resulted in the treaty of the 8th of May 1871, under which (See also:Article 1) the "See also:Alabama claims " were referred to See also:arbitration, and the same disposition (Article 34) was made of the " See also:San Juan Boundary Dispute," concerning the See also:Oregon boundary See also:line . In 1871 Fish presided at the See also:Peace See also:Conference at See also:Washington between See also:Spain and the allied republics of See also:Peru, See also:Chile, See also:Ecuador and See also:Bolivia, which resulted in the formulation (April 12) of a See also:general truce between those countries, to last indefinitely and not to be broken by any one of them without three years' See also:notice given through the United States; and it was chiefly due to his See also:restraint and moderation that a satisfactory See also:settlement of the " Virginius Affair " was reached by the United States and Spain (1873) . Fish was See also:vice-president-general of the Society of the See also:Cincinnati from 1848 to 1854, and president-general from 1854 until his See also:death . He died in See also:Garrison, New York, on the 7th of See also:September 1893 . His son, NICHOLAS FIsH (1846-1902), was appointed second secretary of See also:legation at See also:Berlin in 1871, became secretary in 1874, and was See also:charge d'affaires at Berne in 1877–1881, and See also:minister to See also:Belgium in 1882–1886, after which he engaged in banking in New York City .

End of Article: HAMILTON FISH (1808-1893)
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