Online Encyclopedia

SIR WILLIAM FITZWILLIAM (1526-1599)

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Originally appearing in Volume V10, Page 449 of the 1911 Encyclopedia Britannica.
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SIR WILLIAM FITZWILLIAM (1526-1599)  , lord deputy of Ireland, was the eldest son of
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Sir William Fitzwilliam (d . 1576) of Milton, Northamptonshire, where he was born, and grandson of another Sir William Fitzwilliam (d . 1534), alderman and
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sheriff of
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London, who was also treasurer and chamberlain to Cardinal Wolsey, and who
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purchased Milton in 1506 . On his
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mother's side Fitzwilliam was related to John Russell, 1st
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earl of
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Bedford, a circumstance to which he owed his introduction to
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Edward VI . In 1559 he became
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vice-treasurer of Ireland and a member of the Irish House of
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Commons; and between this date and 1J71 he was (during the absences of Thomas Radclyffe, earl of Sussex, and of his successor, Sir Henry Sidney) five times lord justice of Ireland . In 1571 Fitzwilliam himself was appointed lord deputy, but like Elizabeth's other servants he received little or no
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money, and his period of government was marked by continuous penury and its attendant evils, inefficiency, mutiny and general lawlessness . Moreover, the deputy quarrelled with the lord president of Connaught, Sir Edward Fitton (1527-1579), but he compelled the earl of Desmond to submit in 1574 . He disliked the expedition of Walter Devereux, earl of Essex; he had a further
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quarrel with Fitton, and after a serious illness he was allowed to resign his office . Returning to England in 1575 he was governor of
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Fotheringhay Castle at the time of Mary Stuart's execution . In i588 Fitzwilliam was again in Ireland as lord deputy, and although old and
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ill he displayed
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great activity in leading expeditions, and found time to quarrel with Sir Richard Bingham (1528-1599), the new president of Connaught . In 1594 he finally
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left Ireland, and five years later he died at Milton . From Fitzwilliam, whose wife was Anne, daughter of Sir William Sidney, were descended the barons and earls Fitzwilliam .

See R . Bagwell, Ireland under the Tudors, vol. ii . (1885) .

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