See also:

• FLECHE (French for " arrow ")

FLECHE (See also:

• FRENCH
• FRENCH, DANIEL CHESTER (1850– )
• FRENCH, NICHOLAS (1604-1678)

French for " arrow ")  , the See also:

• TERM

term generally used in See also:

• FRENCH
• FRENCH, DANIEL CHESTER (1850– )
• FRENCH, NICHOLAS (1604-1678)

French See also:

• ARCHITECTURE (Lat. architectura, from the Gr. ap)(LTEKrwv, a master-builder)

architecture for a See also:

• SPIRE

spire, but more especially employed to designate the See also:

• TIMBER

timber spire covered with See also:

• LEAD
• LEAD (pronounced iced)

lead, which was erected over the intersection of the See also:

• ROOFS

roofs over See also:

• NAVE

nave and transepts; sometimes these were small and unimportant, but in cathedrals they were occasionally of large dimensions, as in the See also:

• FLECHE (French for " arrow ")

fleche of Notre-See also:

• DAME
• DAME (through the Fr. from Lat. domina, mistress, lady, the feminine of dominus, master, lord)

Dame, See also:

• PARIS
• PARIS (also called ALEXANDROS)
• PARIS, ALEXIS PAULIN (1800-x881)
• PARIS, BRUNO PAULIN GASTON (1839-1903)
• PARIS, FRANCOIS DE (169o-1727)
• PARIS, LOUIS PHILIPPE ALBERT
• PARIS, TREATIES OF (1814-1815)

Paris, where it is nearly See also:

• LOO (formerly called " Lanterloo," Fr. lanturlu, the refrain of a popular 17th-century song)

loo ft. high; this, however, is exceeded by the example of See also:

• AMIENS

Amiens See also:

• CATHEDRAL

cathedral, which See also:

• MEASURES

measures 148 ft. from its See also:

• BASE

base on the cresting to its See also:

• FINIAL (a variant of " final "; Lat. finis, end)

finial . FL$CHIER, ESPRIT (1632-i71o), French preacher and author, See also:

• BISHOP (A.S. bisceop, from Lat. episcopus, Gr. irio-Korros, " overlooker " or " overseer ")
• BISHOP, ISABELLA (1832-1904)
• BISHOP, SIR HENRY ROWLEY (1786-1855)

bishop of See also:

• NIMES
• NIMES, COUNCILS OF (Concilia Nemausensia)

Nimes, was See also:

• BORN, IGNAZ, EDLER VON (1742–1791)

born at Pernes, See also:

• DEPARTMENT (Fr. departement, from departir, to separate into parts)

department of See also:

• VAUCLUSE

Vaucluse, on the loth of See also:

• JUNE

June 1632 . He was brought up at See also:

• TARASCON

Tarascon by his See also:

• UNCLE

uncle, Hercule Audiffret, See also:

• SUPERIOR

superior of the See also:

• CONGREGATION (Lat. congregatio, a gathering together, from cum, with, grex, gregis, a flock, herd)

Congregation See also:

• DES

des See also:

• DOCTRINAIRES

Doctrinaires, and afterwards entered the See also:

• ORDER
• ORDER (through Fr. ordre, for earlier ordene, from Lat. ordo, ordinis, rank, service, arrangement; the ultimate source is generally taken to be the root seen in Lat. oriri, rise, arise, begin; cf. " origin ")
• ORDER, HOLY

order . On the See also:

• DEATH

death of his uncle, however, he See also:

• LEFT

left it, owing to the strictness of its rules, and went to Paris, where he devoted himself to See also:

• WRITING
• WRITING (the verbal noun of " to write," O. Eng. writan, to inscribe)

writing See also:

• POETRY

poetry . His French poems met with little success, but a description in Latin See also:

• VERSE (from Lat. versus, literally a line or furrow drawn by turning the plough, from vertere, and afterwards signifying an arrangement of syllables into feet)

verse of a See also:

• TOURNAMENT, or TOURNEY (Fr. tournement, tournoi, Med. Lat. torneamentum, from tourner, to turn)

tournament (carrousel, See also:

• CIRCUS (Lat. circus, Gr. Kipeos or Kptxot, a ring or' circle; probably " circus " and " ring " are of the same origin)

circus regius), given by See also:

• LOUIS
• LOUIS (804–876)
• LOUIS (893–911)
• LOUIS, JOSEPH DOMINIQUE, BARON (1755-1837)
• LOUIS, or LEWIS (from the Frankish Chlodowich, Chlodwig, Latinized as Chlodowius, Lodhuwicus, Lodhuvicus, whence-in the Strassburg oath of 842-0. Fr. Lodhuwigs, then Chlovis, Loys and later Louis, whence Span. Luiz and—through the Angevin kings—Hungarian

Louis XIV. in 1662, brought him a See also:

• GREAT

great reputation . He subsequently became See also:

• TUTOR (Lat. tutor, guardian, tueri, to watch over, protect)

tutor to Louis Urbain Lefevre de Can-See also:

• MARTIN (Martinus)
• MARTIN, BON LOUIS HENRI (1810-1883)
• MARTIN, CLAUD (1735-1800)
• MARTIN, FRANCOIS XAVIER (1762-1846)
• MARTIN, HOMER DODGE (1836-1897)
• MARTIN, JOHN (1789-1854)
• MARTIN, LUTHER (1748-1826)
• MARTIN, SIR THEODORE (1816-1909)
• MARTIN, SIR WILLIAM FANSHAWE (1801–1895)
• MARTIN, ST (c. 316-400)
• MARTIN, WILLIAM (1767-1810)

martin, afterwards See also:

• INTENDANT (from Lat. intendens, pres. part. of intendere, to apply the mind to, to watch over; cf. " superintendent ")

intendant of finances and counsellor of See also:

• STATE
• STATE, GREAT OFFICERS OF

state, whom he accompanied to Clermont-Ferrard (q.v.), where the See also:

• KING
• KING (O. Eng. cyning, abbreviated into cyng, cing; cf. O. H. G. chun- kuning, chun- kunig, M.H.G. kiinic, kiinec, kiinc, Mod. Ger. Konig, O. Norse konungr, kongr, Swed. konung, kung)
• KING [OF OCKHAM], PETER KING, 1ST BARON (1669-1734)
• KING, CHARLES WILLIAM (1818-1888)
• KING, CLARENCE (1842–1901)
• KING, EDWARD (1612–1637)
• KING, EDWARD (1829–1910)
• KING, HENRY (1591-1669)
• KING, RUFUS (1755–1827)
• KING, THOMAS (1730–1805)
• KING, WILLIAM (1650-1729)
• KING, WILLIAM (1663–1712)

king had ordered the Grands Jours to be held (1665), and where See also:

• CATAMARAN (a Tamil word, from catta, to tie, and maram wood)

Catamaran was sent as representative of the See also:

• SOVEREIGN

sovereign . There Flechier wrote his curious Memoires sur See also:

• LES

les See also:

• GRAND

Grand Jours tenus d Clermont, in which he relates, in a See also:

• HALF

half romantic, half See also:

• HISTORICAL

historical See also:

• FORM (Lat. forma)

form, the proceedings of this extraordinary See also:

• COURT
• COURT (from the O. Fr. court, Late Lat. cortis, curtis, a popular form of class. Lat. cohors, gen. cohortis; the mod. Fr. form tour is due to the influence of the Lat. curia, the word used in medieval documents to translate " court " in the feudal sense)
• COURT, ANTOINE (1696-176o)

court of See also:

• JUSTICE (Lat. justitia)

justice . In 1668 the See also:

• DUKE (corresponding to Fr. duc, Ital. duca, Ger. Herzog)

duke of See also:

• MONTAUSIER, CHARLES DE

Montausier procured for him the See also:

• POST

post of lecteur to the dauphin . The sermons of Flechier increased his. reputation, which was afterwards raised to the highest See also:

• PITCH
• PITCH, MUSICAL

pitch by his funeral orations . The most important are those on Madame de Montausier (1672), which gained him the membership of the See also:

• ACADEMY, GREEK
• ACADEMY, ROYAL

Academy, the duchesse d'See also:

• AIGUILLON, EMMANUEL ARMAND DE WIGNEROD DU PLESSIS DE RICHELIEU
• AIGUILLON, MARIE MADELEINE DE WIGNEROD DU PONT DE COURLAY, DUCHESSE

Aiguillon (1695), and, above all, See also:

• MARSHAL (med. Lat. marescalcus, from O.H.Ger. marah, horse, and scalc, servant)

Marshal See also:

• TURENNE, HENRI DE LA TOUR

Turenne (1676) . He was now firmly established in the favour of the king, who gave him successively the abbacy of St Severin, in the See also:

• DIOCESE (formed on Fr. diocese, in place of the Eng. form diocess—current until the 19th century—from Lat. dioecesis, med. Lat. variant diocesis, from Gr. Swucio•tc, " house-keeping," " administration," &miceas, " to keep house," " to govern ")

diocese of See also:

• POITIERS

Poitiers, the See also:

• OFFICE (from Lat. officium, " duty," " service," a shortened form of opifacium, from facere, " to do," and either the stem of opes, " wealth," " aid," or opus, " work ")

office of See also:

• ALMONER (from Lat. eleemosynarius, through med. Lat. almosynarius, almonarius, and Fr. almosnier, aumosniea, &c., mod. Fr. aumonier)

almoner to the dauphiness, and in 1685 the bishopric of See also:

• LAVAUR

Lavaur, from which he was in 1687 promoted to that of Nimes . The See also:

• EDICT (Lat. edictum, from e, out, and dicere, to say, speak)

edict of See also:

• NANTES
• NANTES, EDICT OF

Nantes had been repealed two years before; but the Calvinists were still very numerous at Nimes .

Flechier, by his leniency and tact, succeeded in bringing over some of them to his views, and even gained the esteem of those who declined to See also:

• CHANGE (derived through the Fr. from the Late Lat. cambium, cambiare, to barter; the ultimate derivation is probably from the root which appears in the Gr. «a urmu', to bend)

change their faith . During the troubles in the See also:

• CEVENNES (Lat. Cebenna or Gebenna)

Cevennes (see See also:

• HUGUENOTS

HUGUENOTS) he softened to. the utmost of his See also:

• POWER [WILLIAM GRATTAN] TYRONE (1797-1841)

power the rigour of the edicts, and showed himself so indulgent even to what he regarded as See also:

• ERROR (Lat. error, from errare, to wander, to err)

error, that his memory was See also:

• LONG, GEORGE (1800-1879)
• LONG, JOHN DAVIS (1838– )

long held in veneration amongst the Protestants of that See also:

• DISTRICT

district . It is right to add, however, that some authorities consider the accounts of his leniency to have been greatly exaggerated, and even See also:

• CHARGE
• CHARGE (through the Fr. from the Late Lat. carricare, to load in a carrus or wagon; cf. " cargo ")

charge him with going beyond what the edicts permitted . He died at See also:

• MONTPELLIER

Montpellier on the 16th of See also:

• FEBRUARY

February 171o . See also:

• PULPIT (from Lat. pulpitum, a staging, platform: equivalents are Fr. chaire d'eglise, Ital. pulpito, Ger. Kanzel)

Pulpit eloquence is the See also:

• BRANCH (from the Fr. branche, late Lat. branca, an animal's paw)

branch of belles-lettres in which Flechier excelled . He is indeed far below See also:

• BOSSUET, JAQUES BENIGNE (1627-1704)

Bossuet, whose robust and See also:

• SUBLIME (Lat. sublimis, exalted)

sublime See also:

• GENIUS (from Lat. genere, gignere)

genius had no See also:

• RIVAL

rival in that See also:

• AGE (Fr. age, through late Lat. aetaticum, from aetas)

age; he does not equal See also:

• BOURDALOUE, LOUIS (1632-1704)

Bourdaloue in earnestness of thought and vigour of expression; nor can he rival the philosophical See also:

• DEPTH

depth or the insinuating and impressive eloquence of See also:

• MASSILLON
• MASSILLON, JEAN BAPTISTE (1663-1742)

Massillon . But he is always ingenious, often witty, and nobody has carried farther than he the See also:

• HARMONY (Gr. dpµovia, a concord of musical sounds, dpA'ew to join; &plan midi (sc. TeXvil)

harmony of diction, sometimes marred by an affectation of symmetry and an excessive use of See also:

• ANTITHESIS (the Greek for " setting opposite ")

antithesis . His two historical See also:

• WORKS

works, the histories of See also:

• THEODOSIUS

Theodosius and of Ximenes, are more remarkable for elegance of See also:

• STYLE
• STYLE (from Gr. a-6'1ms, a column; a different word from that used in literature, see below)

style than for accuracy and comprehensive insight . The last See also:

• COMPLETE

complete edition of Ffechier's works is by J . P . See also:

• MIGNE, JACQUES PAUL (1800-1875)

Migne (Paris, 1856) ; the Memoires See also:

• SUE, EUGENE [JosEPH MARIE] (1804—1857)

sue les Grands Jours was first published in 1844 by B . Gonod (and ed, as Mem. sur les Gr .

J. d'See also:

• AUVERGNE

Auvergne, with See also:

• NOTICE

notice by Sainte-Beuve and an appendix by M."See also:

• CHERUEL, PIERRE ADOLPHE (1809-1891)

Cheruel, 1862) . His See also:

• CHIEF (from Fr. chef, head, Lat. caput)

chief works are: Histoire de Th€odose le Grand, Oraisons funebres, Histoire du See also:

• CARDINAL (Lat. cardinalis)

Cardinal Ximenes, Sermons de morale, Panegyriques des See also:

• SAINTS, BATTLE OF THE

saints . He left a portrait or caractere of himself, addressed to one of his See also:

• FRIENDS, SOCIETY
• FRIENDS, SOCIETY OF

friends . The See also:

• LIFE

Life of Theodosius has been translated into See also:

• ENGLISH

English by F . See also:

• MANNING, HENRY EDWARD (1808-1892)

Manning (1693), and the "Funeral Oration of Marshal Turenne " in H . C . See also:

• FISH (O. Eng. fist, a word common to Teutonic languages, cf. Dutch visch, Ger. Fisch, Goth. fisks, cognate with the Lat. piscis)
• FISH, HAMILTON (1808-1893)

Fish's See also:

• HISTORY

History and Repository of Pulpit Eloquence (ii., 1889) . On Flechier generally see Antonin V . D . See also:

• FABRE
• FABRE, FERDINAND (183o—1898)

Fabre, La Jeunesse de Flechier (1882), and Adolphe Fabre, Flechier, orateur (1886); A . See also:

• DELACROIX, FERDINAND VICTOR EUGENE (1798-1863)

Delacroix, Hist. de Flechier (18615) .