See also:

• FLEET

FLEET See also:

• PRISON (derived through the Fr. from the Lat. prehensio, seizure)

PRISON  , an historic See also:

• LONDON

London See also:

• PRISON (derived through the Fr. from the Lat. prehensio, seizure)

prison, formerly situated on the See also:

• EAST
• EAST, ALFRED (1849- )

east See also:

• SIDE
• SIDE (mod. Eski Adalia)

side of Farringdon See also:

• STREET
• STREET, GEORGE EDMUND (1824-1881)

Street, and deriving its name from the See also:

• FLEET

Fleet stream, which flowed into the See also:

• THAMES

Thames . Concerning its See also:

• EARLY
• EARLY, JUBAL ANDERSON (1816-1894)

early See also:

• HISTORY

history little is known, but it certainly dated back to See also:

• NORMAN
• NORMAN, SIR HENRY WYLIE (1826-1904)

Norman times . It came into particular prominence from being used as a See also:

• PLACE (through Fr. from Lat. platea, street; Gr. IrAar6s, wide)

place of reception for persons committed by the See also:

• STAR

Star Chamber, and, afterwards, for debtors, and persons imprisoned for contempt of See also:

• COURT
• COURT (from the O. Fr. court, Late Lat. cortis, curtis, a popular form of class. Lat. cohors, gen. cohortis; the mod. Fr. form tour is due to the influence of the Lat. curia, the word used in medieval documents to translate " court " in the feudal sense)
• COURT, ANTOINE (1696-176o)

court by the court of See also:

• CHANCERY

chancery . It was burnt down in the See also:

• GREAT

great See also:

• FIRE (in O. Eng. f j'r; the word is common to West German languages, cf. Dutch vuur, Ger. Feuer; the pre-Teutonic form is seen in Sanskrit pu, pavaka, and Gr. irup; the ultimate origin is usually taken to be a root meaning to purify, cf. Lat. purus)

fire of 1666; it was rebuilt, but was destroyed in the See also:

• GORDON
• GORDON, ADAM LINDSAY (1833—1870)
• GORDON, ALEXANDER (c. 1692—c. 1754)
• GORDON, CHARLES GEORGE (1833-'885)
• GORDON, LEON
• GORDON, LORD GEORGE (1751-1793)
• GORDON, PATRICK (1635–1699)
• GORDON, SIR JOHN WATSON (1788—1864)

Gordon riots of 178o and again rebuilt in 1781-1782 . In pursuance of an See also:

• ACT (Lat. actus, actum)

act of See also:

• PARLIAMENT (Anglo-Lat. parliamentum, Fr. parlement, from parler, to speak)

parliament (5 & 6 Viet. c . 22, 1842), by which the See also:

• MARSHALSEA

Marshalsea, Fleet, and See also:

• QUEEN
• QUEEN (O.E. cwen, wife, related to "quean," O.E. cwene, a hussy; cf. Gr. yvvi7: from root gan-, to produce; cf. genus, " kin," &c.)

Queen's See also:

• BENCH (an O.E. and Eng. form of a word common to Teutonic languages, cf. Ger. Bank, Dan. baenk and the Eng. doublet " bank ")

Bench prisons were consolidated into one under the name of Queen's prison, it was finally closed, and in 1844 sold to the See also:

• CORPORATION (from Lat. corporare, to form into a body, corpus, corporis)

corporation of the See also:

• CITY (through Fr. cite, from Lat. civitas)

city of London, by whom it was pulled down . The See also:

• HEAD (in 0. Eng. heafad; the word is common to Teutonic languages; cf. Dutch hoofd, Ger. Haupt, generally taken to be in origin connected with Lat. caput, Gr. KerbOvi7)
• HEAD, SIR EDMUND WALKER, BART
• HEAD, SIR FRANCIS BOND, BART

head of the prison was termed " the See also:

• WARDEN

warden," who was appointed by patent . It became a frequent practice of the holder of the patent to " See also:

• FARM

farm out " the prison to the highest See also:

• BIDDER, GEORGE PARKER (1806-1878)

bidder . It was this See also:

• CUSTOM (from O. Fr. costume, costume or coustume; Low Lat. costuma, a shortened form of consuetudo)

custom which made the Fleet prison See also:

• LONG, GEORGE (1800-1879)
• LONG, JOHN DAVIS (1838– )

long notorious for the cruelties inflicted on prisoners . One purchaser of the See also:

• OFFICE (from Lat. officium, " duty," " service," a shortened form of opifacium, from facere, " to do," and either the stem of opes, " wealth," " aid," or opus, " work ")

office was of particularly evil repute, by name See also:

• THOMAS
• THOMAS (c. 1654-1720)
• THOMAS (d. 110o)
• THOMAS, ARTHUR GORING (1850-1892)
• THOMAS, CHARLES LOUIS AMBROISE (1811-1896)
• THOMAS, GEORGE (c. 1756-1802)
• THOMAS, GEORGE HENRY (1816-187o)
• THOMAS, ISAIAH (1749-1831)
• THOMAS, PIERRE (1634-1698)
• THOMAS, SIDNEY GILCHRIST (1850-1885)
• THOMAS, ST
• THOMAS, THEODORE (1835-1905)
• THOMAS, WILLIAM (d. 1554)

Thomas Bambridge, who in 1728 paid, with another, the sum of £5000 to See also:

• JOHN
• JOHN (1167–1216)
• JOHN (1290-c. 1320)
• JOHN (1296-1346)
• JOHN (1371–1419)
• JOHN (1468-1532)
• JOHN (1801-1873)
• JOHN (Heb. llni')
• JOHN (ZAPOLYA) (1487-1540)
• JOHN, 4TH MARQUESS OF TWEEDDALE (c. 1695-1762)
• JOHN, DON (1545-1578)
• JOHN, DON (1629–1679)
• JOHN, GOSPEL OF ST
• JOHN, or HAYS (1513–1571)
• JOHN, THE APOSTLE
• JOHN, THE EPISTLES OF

John See also:

• HUGGINS, SIR WILLIAM (1824-1910)

Huggins for the warden-See also:

• SHIP

ship . He was guilty of the greatest extortions upon prisoners, and, in the words of a See also:

• COMMITTEE (from commute, an Anglo-Fr. past participle of commettre, Lat. committere, to entrust; the modern Fr. equivalent comite is derived from the Eng.)

committee of the See also:

• HOUSE
• HOUSE (O. Eng. hiss, a word common to Teutonic languages, cf. Dut. huis, Ger. Haus; in Gothic it is only found in gudhiss, a temple; it may be ultimately connected with the root of " hide," conceal)

House of See also:

• COMMONS

Commons appointed to inquire into the See also:

• STATE
• STATE, GREAT OFFICERS OF

state of the gaols of the See also:

• KINGDOM

kingdom, " arbitrarily and unlawfully loaded with irons, put into dungeons, and destroyed prisoners for See also:

• DEBT (Lat. debitum, a thing owed)

debt, treating them in the most barbarous and cruel manner, in high violation and contempt of the See also:

• LAWS

laws of this kingdom." He was committed to Newgate, and an act was passed to prevent his enjoying the office of warden or any other office whatsoever . The liberties or rules of the Fleet were the limits within which particular prisoners were allowed to reside outside the prison walls on observing certain conditions .

Fleet Marriages.—By the See also:

• LAW
• LAW (0. Eng. lagu, M. Eng. lawe; from an old Teutonic root lag, " lie," what lies fixed or evenly; cf. Lat. lex, Fr. loi)
• LAW, JOHN (1671—1729)
• LAW, WILLIAM (1686-1761)

law of See also:

• ENGLAND
• ENGLAND, THE CHURCH OF

England a See also:

• MARRIAGE

marriage was recognized as valid, so long as the ceremony was conducted by a See also:

• PERSON, OFFENCES AGAINST THE

person in See also:

• HOLY

holy orders, even if those orders were not of the See also:

• CHURCH
• CHURCH (according to most authorities derived from the Gr. Kvpcaxov [&wµa], " the Lord's [house]," and common to many Teutonic, Slavonic and other languages under various forms—Scottish kirk, Ger. Kirche, Swed. kirka, Dan. kirke, Russ. tserkov, Buig. cerk
• CHURCH, FREDERICK EDWIN (1826-1900)
• CHURCH, GEORGE EARL (1835–1910)
• CHURCH, RICHARD WILLIAM (1815–189o)
• CHURCH, SIR RICHARD (1784–1873)

Church of England . Neither banns nor'See also:

• LICENCE (through the French from Lat. licentia, licere, to be lawful)

licence were necessary, and the See also:

• TIME (0. Eng. Lima, cf. Icel. timi, Swed. timme, hour, Dan. time; from the root also seen in " tide," properly the time of between the flow and ebb of the sea, cf. O. Eng. getidan, to happen, " even-tide," &c.; it is not directly related to Lat. tempus)
• TIME, MEASUREMENT OF
• TIME, STANDARD

time and place were alike immaterial . Out of this state of the marriage law, in the See also:

• PERIOD
• PERIOD (Gr. irepioSos, a going or way round, circuit, aepi, round, and &Sis, way, road)

period of laxness which succeeded the See also:

• COMMONWEALTH

Commonwealth, resulted innumerable clandestine marriages . They were contracted at first to avoid the expenses attendant on the public ceremony, but an act of 1696, which imposed a See also:

• PENALTY (Lat. poena, punishment)

penalty of £See also:

• LOO (formerly called " Lanterloo," Fr. lanturlu, the refrain of a popular 17th-century song)

loo on any clergyman who celebrated, or permitted another to celebrate, a marriage otherwise than by banns or licence, acted as a considerable check . To clergymen imprisoned for debt in the Fleet, however, such a penalty had no terrors, for they had " neither See also:

• LIBERTY (Lat. libertas, from liber, free)

liberty, See also:

• MONEY

money nor See also:

• CREDIT (Lat. credere, to believe)

credit to lose by any proceedings the See also:

• BISHOP (A.S. bisceop, from Lat. episcopus, Gr. irio-Korros, " overlooker " or " overseer ")
• BISHOP, ISABELLA (1832-1904)
• BISHOP, SIR HENRY ROWLEY (1786-1855)

bishop might See also:

• INSTITUTE (from Lat. instituere, to establish or set up)

institute against them." The earliest recorded date of a Fleet marriage is 1613, while the earliest recorded in a Fleet See also:

• REGISTER

register took place in 1674, but it was only on the See also:

• PROHIBITION (Lat. prohibere, to prevent)

prohibition of marriage without banns or licence that they began to be clandestine . Then arose keen competition, and " many of the Fleet See also:

• PARSONS
• PARSONS (or PERSONS), ROBERT (1546-161o)
• PARSONS, THEOPHILUS (1750-1813)

parsons and See also:

• TAVERN

tavern-keepers in the neighbourhood fitted up a See also:

• ROOM

room in their respective lodgings or houses as a See also:

• CHAPEL

chapel," and employed touts to solicit custom for them . The See also:

• SCANDAL

scandal and abuses brought about by these See also:

• CLAN (Gaelic clann, O. Ir. cland, connected with Lat. planta, shoot or scion, the ancient Gaelic or Goidelic substituting k for p)

clan-destine marriages became so great that they became the See also:

• OBJECT

object of See also:

• SPECIAL

special legislation . In 1753 See also:

• LORD
• LORD (O. Eng. hldford, i.e. hldfweard, the warder or keeper of bread, hlIf, loaf; the word is not represented in any other Teutonic language)
• LORD, JOHN (1810-1894)

Lord See also:

• HARDWICKE, PHILIP YORKE, 1ST EARL

Hardwicke's Act (26 Geo. ii. c . 33) was passed, which required, under See also:

• PAIN (from Lat. poena, Gr. robin, penalty, that which must be paid: O. Fr. peine)
• PAIN, BARRY (1867– )

pain of nullity, that banns should be published according to the See also:

• RUBRIC (Fr. rubrique, Lat. rubrica, Tuber, red)

rubric, or a licence obtained, and that, in either See also:

• CASE
• CASE, JOHN (d. 1600)

case, the marriage should` be solemnized in church; and that in the case of minors, marriage by licence must be by the consent of See also:

• PARENT, SIMON NAPOLEON (1855– )

parent or See also:

• GUARDIAN

guardian . This act had the effect of putting a stop to these clandestine marriages, so far as England was concerned, and henceforth couples had to fare to Gretna See also:

• GREEN, A
• GREEN, ALEXANDER HENRY (1832—1896)
• GREEN, DUFF (1791—1875)
• GREEN, JOHN RICHARD (1837—1883)
• GREEN, MATTHEW (1696-1737)
• GREEN, THOMAS HILL (1836-1882)
• GREEN, VALENTINE (1739–1813)
• GREEN, WILLIAM HENRY (.1825–1900)

Green (q.v.) . The Fleet Registers, consisting of " about two or three See also:

• HUNDRED

hundred large registers " and about a thousand rough or " See also:

• POCKET

pocket " books, eventually came into private hands, but were See also:

• PURCHASED

purchased by the See also:

• GOVERNMENT
• GOVERNMENT (0. Fr. governement, mod. gouvernement, O. Fr. governer, mod. gouverner, from Lat. gubernare, to steer a ship, guide, rule; cf. Gr. xv(3epvav)

government in 1821, and are now deposited in the office of the registrar-See also:

• GENERAL
• GENERAL (Lat. generalis, of or relating to a genus, kind or class)

general,, See also:

• SOMERSET, EARLS AND DUKES OF
• SOMERSET, EDMUND BEAUFORT, DUKE OF (c. 1404–1455)
• SOMERSET, EDWARD SEYMOUR, DUKE OF (c. 1506–1552)
• SOMERSET, LORD ROBERT EDWARD HENRY (1776-1842)
• SOMERSET, ROBERT CARR (or KER), EARL OF (e. 1590-1645)

Somerset House . Their See also:

• DATES

dates range from 1686 to 1754• In 184o they were declared not admissible as See also:

• EVIDENCE (Lat. evidentia, evideri, to appear clearly)

evidence to prove a marriage .