See also:

• GILES (GIL, GILLES), ST

GILES See also:

• FLETCHER, ALICE CUNNINGHAM (1845– )
• FLETCHER, ANDREW
• GILES FLETCHER (c. 1548-1611)
• FLETCHER, GILES (c. 1584-1623)
• FLETCHER, JOHN WILLIAM (1729-1785)
• FLETCHER, PHINEAS (1582-1650)

FLETCHER (c. 1548-1611)  , See also:

• ENGLISH

English author, son of See also:

• RICHARD
• RICHARD (d. 1184)
• RICHARD, FRANCOIS MARIE BENJAMIN (18,9-1908)
• RICHARD, HENRY (1812-1888)
• RICHARD, ST

Richard See also:

• FLETCHER, ALICE CUNNINGHAM (1845– )
• FLETCHER, ANDREW
• FLETCHER, GILES (c. 1548-1611)
• FLETCHER, GILES (c. 1584-1623)
• FLETCHER, JOHN WILLIAM (1729-1785)
• FLETCHER, PHINEAS (1582-1650)

Fletcher, See also:

• VICAR (Lat. vicarius, substitute)

vicar of See also:

• CRANBROOK
• CRANBROOK, GATHORNE

Cranbrook, See also:

• KENT
• KENT, EARLS AND DUKES OF
• KENT, JAMES (1763-1847)
• KENT, WILLIAM (1685-1748)

Kent, and See also:

• FATHER

father of the poets Phineas and See also:

• GILES (GIL, GILLES), ST

Giles Fletcher, was See also:

• BORN, IGNAZ, EDLER VON (1742–1791)

born in 1548 or 1540: He was educated at • See also:

• ETON

Eton and at See also:

• KING
• KING (O. Eng. cyning, abbreviated into cyng, cing; cf. O. H. G. chun- kuning, chun- kunig, M.H.G. kiinic, kiinec, kiinc, Mod. Ger. Konig, O. Norse konungr, kongr, Swed. konung, kung)
• KING [OF OCKHAM], PETER KING, 1ST BARON (1669-1734)
• KING, CHARLES WILLIAM (1818-1888)
• KING, CLARENCE (1842–1901)
• KING, EDWARD (1612–1637)
• KING, EDWARD (1829–1910)
• KING, HENRY (1591-1669)
• KING, RUFUS (1755–1827)
• KING, THOMAS (1730–1805)
• KING, WILLIAM (1650-1729)
• KING, WILLIAM (1663–1712)

King's See also:

• COLLEGE (Collegium)

College, See also:

• CAMBRIDGE
• CAMBRIDGE, EARLS AND DUKES OF
• CAMBRIDGE, RICHARD OWEN (1717-1802)

Cambridge, taking his B.A. degree in 1569 . He was a See also:

• FELLOW

fellow of his college, and was made LL.D. in 1581 . In 158o he had married See also:

• JEAN

jean Sheafe of Cranbrook . In that See also:

• YEAR

year he was See also:

• COMMISSARY (from Med. Lat. commissaries, one to whom a charge or trust is committed)

commissary to Dr See also:

• BRIDGWATER

Bridgwater, See also:

• CHANCELLOR (M. Eng. and Anglo-Fr. canceler, chanceler, Fr. chancelier, Lat. cancellarius)

chancellor of See also:

• ELY
• ELY, RICHARD THEODORE (1854— )

Ely, and in 1,585 he sat in See also:

• PARLIAMENT (Anglo-Lat. parliamentum, Fr. parlement, from parler, to speak)

parliament See also:

• FAT (O.E. fdett; the word is common to Teutonic languages, cf. Dutch vet, Ger. Fett, &c., and may be ultimately related to Greek Irian, and =apos, and Sanskrit pivan)

fat' See also:

• WINCHELSEA
• WINCHELSEA, ANNE FINCH, COUNTESS OF (1661-1720)
• WINCHELSEA, ROBERT (d. 1313)

Winchelsea . He was employed on See also:

• DIPLOMATIC

diplomatic service in See also:

• SCOTLAND
• SCOTLAND, CHURCH OF
• SCOTLAND, EPISCOPAL CHURCH OF

Scotland, See also:

• GERMANY
• GERMANY (Ger. Deutschland)

Germany and See also:

• HOLLAND
• HOLLAND, CHARLES (1733–1769)
• HOLLAND, COUNTY AND PROVINCE OF
• HOLLAND, HENRY FOX, 1ST BARON (1705–1774)
• HOLLAND, HENRY RICH, 1ST EARL OF (1S9o-,649)
• HOLLAND, HENRY RICHARD VASSALL FOX, 3RD
• HOLLAND, JOSIAH GILBERT (1819-1881)
• HOLLAND, PHILEMON (1552-1637)
• HOLLAND, RICHARD, or RICHARD DE HOLANDE (fl. 1450)
• HOLLAND, SIR HENRY, BART

Holland, and in 1,588 was sent to See also:

• RUSSIA
• RUSSIA (Rossiya)

Russia, to the See also:

• COURT
• COURT (from the O. Fr. court, Late Lat. cortis, curtis, a popular form of class. Lat. cohors, gen. cohortis; the mod. Fr. form tour is due to the influence of the Lat. curia, the word used in medieval documents to translate " court " in the feudal sense)
• COURT, ANTOINE (1696-176o)

court of the czar See also:

• THEODORE
• THEODORE (602-690)
• THEODORE (Fedor) GRIGORIEVICH ORLOV, COUNT (1741–1796)
• THEODORE (Rus. Fedor, or Feodor)

Theodore . with instructions to conclude an See also:

• ALLIANCE

alliance between See also:

• ENGLAND
• ENGLAND, THE CHURCH OF

England and Russia, to restore English See also:

• TRADE (O. Eng. trod, footstep, from tredan, to tread; in M. Eng. the forms teed, trod and trade appear, the last in the sense of a beaten track)
• TRADE, BOARD OF

trade, and to obtain better conditions for the English Russia See also:

• COMPANY

Company . The See also:

• FACTOR (from Lat. facere, to make or do)

factor of the company, See also:

• JEROME, JEROME KLAPKA (1859– )
• JEROME, ST (HIERONYMUS, in full EUSEBIUS SOPHRONIUS HIERONYMUS) (c. 340–420)

Jerome Horsey, had already obtained large concessions through the favour of the See also:

• PROTECTOR

protector, Boris Godunov, but when Dr Fletcher reached See also:

• MOSCOW (Russian Moskva)
• MOSCOW, (Russian Moskva)

Moscow in 1588 he found that Godunov's See also:

• INTEREST

interest was alienated, and that the See also:

• RUSSIAN

Russian See also:

• GOVERNMENT
• GOVERNMENT (0. Fr. governement, mod. gouvernement, O. Fr. governer, mod. gouverner, from Lat. gubernare, to steer a ship, guide, rule; cf. Gr. xv(3epvav)

government was contemplating an alliance with See also:

• SPAIN
• SPAIN (Espana)

Spain . The See also:

• ENVOY (Fr. envoye, " sent ")

envoy was badly lodged, and treated with obvious contempt, and was not allowed to forward letters to England, but the English victory over the See also:

• ARMADA, THE

Armada and his own indomitable See also:

• PATIENCE

patience secured: among other advantages for English traders exclusive rights of trading on the See also:

• VOLGA (known to the Tatars as Etil, Jill or Atel; to the Finnish tribes as Rau, and to the ancients as Rha and Oarus)

Volga and their See also:

• SECURITY (Lat. securus, free from care, safe)

security from the infliction of See also:

• TORTURE (from Lat. torquere, to twist)

torture . Pletcher's treatment at Moscow was later made the subject of formal complaint by See also:

• QUEEN
• QUEEN (O.E. cwen, wife, related to "quean," O.E. cwene, a hussy; cf. Gr. yvvi7: from root gan-, to produce; cf. genus, " kin," &c.)

Queen See also:

• ELIZABETH
• ELIZABETH (1533-1603)
• ELIZABETH (1596-1662)
• ELIZABETH (1635–1650)
• ELIZABETH [ AMELIE EUGENIE ] (1837—1898)
• ELIZABETH [1lisabeth Philippine Marie Helene of France] (1764—1794)
• ELIZABETH [PAULINE ELIZABETH OTTILIE LOUISE] (1843– )
• ELIZABETH [PETROVNA] (1709-1762), EMPRESS
• ELIZABETH, SAINT (1207-1231)

Elizabeth . He returned to . England , in ;589 in company with Jerome Horsey, and in 1591 he published Of the Russe See also:

• COMMONWEALTH

Commonwealth, Or Maner of Government by the Russe Emperour (commonly called The Emperour of Moskovia) with the See also:

• MANNERS, CHARLES (1857– )

manners and fashions of the See also:

• PEOPLE

people of that Countrey . In this comprehensive See also:

• ACCOUNT
• ACCOUNT (through O. Fr. acont, Late Lat. comptum, cornputare, to calculate)

account of Russian See also:

• GEOGRAPHY (Gr. yil, earth, and ypiickty, to write)

geography, government, See also:

• LAW
• LAW (0. Eng. lagu, M. Eng. lawe; from an old Teutonic root lag, " lie," what lies fixed or evenly; cf. Lat. lex, Fr. loi)
• LAW, JOHN (1671—1729)
• LAW, WILLIAM (1686-1761)

law, methods of warfare, See also:

• CHURCH
• CHURCH (according to most authorities derived from the Gr. Kvpcaxov [&wµa], " the Lord's [house]," and common to many Teutonic, Slavonic and other languages under various forms—Scottish kirk, Ger. Kirche, Swed. kirka, Dan. kirke, Russ. tserkov, Buig. cerk
• CHURCH, FREDERICK EDWIN (1826-1900)
• CHURCH, GEORGE EARL (1835–1910)
• CHURCH, RICHARD WILLIAM (1815–189o)
• CHURCH, SIR RICHARD (1784–1873)

church and manners, Fletcher, who states that he began to arrange his material during the return See also:

• JOURNEY (through O. Fr. jornee or journee, mod. Fr. journee, from med. Lat. diurnata, Lat. diurnus, of or belonging to dies, day)

journey, doubtless received some assistance from the longer experience of his travelling See also:

• COMPANION (through the O. Fr. compaignon or compagnon, from the Late Lat. companio,—cum, with, and panis, bread,—one who shares meals with another; the word has been wrongly derived from the Late Lat. compagnus, one of the same pages or district)

companion, who also wrote a narrative of his travels, published in See also:

• PURCHAS, SAMUEL (1575?-1626)

Purchas his Pilgrimes (1626) . The Russia Company feared that the freedom of Fletcher's criticisms would give offence to the See also:

• MUSCOVITE

Muscovite authorities, and accordingly damage their trade .

The See also:

• BOOK

book was consequently suppressed, and was not reprinted in its entirety until 1856, when it was edited from a copy of the See also:

• ORIGINAL

original edition for the See also:

• HAKLUYT, RICHARD (c. 1553—1616)

Hakluyt Society, with an introduction by Mr See also:

• EDWARD

Edward A . See also:

• BOND
• BOND, SIR EDWARD AUGUSTUS (1815-1898)

Bond . Fletcher was appointed " See also:

• REMEMBRANCER

Remembrancer " to the See also:

• CITY (through Fr. cite, from Lat. civitas)

city of See also:

• LONDON

London, and an extraordinary See also:

• MASTER (Lat. magister, related to tnagis, more, as the corresponding minister is to minus, less; the English form is due partly to the O. Eng. maegister, and partly to O. Fr. maistre, mod. maitre; cf. Du. meester, Ger. Meister, Ital. maestro)

master of See also:

• REQUESTS, COURT OF

requests in 1596, and became treasurer of St See also:

• PAUL
• PAUL (PAULUS)

Paul's in 1597 . He contemplated a See also:

• HISTORY

history of the reign of Queen Elizabeth, and in a See also:

• LETTER (through Fr. lettre from Lat. littera or litera, letter of the alphabet; the origin of the Latin word is obscure; it has probably no connexion with the root of linere, to smear, i.e. with wax, for an inscription with a stilus)

letter to See also:

• LORD
• LORD (O. Eng. hldford, i.e. hldfweard, the warder or keeper of bread, hlIf, loaf; the word is not represented in any other Teutonic language)
• LORD, JOHN (1810-1894)

Lord See also:

• BURGHLEY, WILLIAM CECIL, BARON (1521-1598)

Burghley he suggested that it might be well to begin with an account from the See also:

• PROTESTANT

Protestant See also:

• SIDE
• SIDE (mod. Eski Adalia)

side of the See also:

• MARRIAGE

marriage of See also:

• HENRY
• HENRY (1129-1195)
• HENRY (c. 1108-1139)
• HENRY (c. 1174–1216)
• HENRY (Fr. Henri; Span. Enrique; Ger. Heinrich; Mid. H. Ger. Heinrich and Heimrich; O.H.G. Haimi- or Heimirih, i.e. " prince, or chief of the house," from O.H.G. heim, the Eng. home, and rih, Goth. reiks; compare Lat. rex " king "—" rich," therefore " mig
• HENRY, EDWARD LAMSON (1841– )
• HENRY, JAMES (1798-1876)
• HENRY, JOSEPH (1797-1878)
• HENRY, MATTHEW (1662-1714)
• HENRY, PATRICK (1736–1799)
• HENRY, PRINCE OF BATTENBERG (1858-1896)
• HENRY, ROBERT (1718-1790)
• HENRY, VICTOR (1850– )
• HENRY, WILLIAM (1795-1836)

Henry and See also:

• ANN

Ann See also:

• BOLEYN (or BULLEN), ANNE (c. 1507–1536)

Boleyn, But See also:

• PERSONAL

personal difficulties prevented the See also:

• EXECUTION (from Lat. ex-sequor, exsecutus, follow or carry out)

execution of this See also:

• PLAN
• PLAN (from Lat. planes, flat)

plan . He had become security to the See also:

• EXCHEQUER

exchequer for the debts of his See also:

• BROTHER

brother, Richard Fletcher, See also:

• BISHOP (A.S. bisceop, from Lat. episcopus, Gr. irio-Korros, " overlooker " or " overseer ")
• BISHOP, ISABELLA (1832-1904)
• BISHOP, SIR HENRY ROWLEY (1786-1855)

bishop of London, who died in 1596, and was only then saved from imprisonment by the See also:

• PROTECTION

protection of the See also:

• EARL

earl of See also:

• ESSEX
• ESSEX, ARTHUR CAPEL
• ESSEX, EARLS OF
• ESSEX, KINGDOM OF
• ESSEX, ROBERT DEVEREUX
• ESSEX, ROBERT DEVEREUX, 2ND2 EARL OF (1566-1601)
• ESSEX, WALTER DEVEREUX, IST2 EARL OF (1541–1576)

Essex . He was actually in See also:

• PRISON (derived through the Fr. from the Lat. prehensio, seizure)

prison in 16o1, when he addressed a somewhat ambiguous letter to Burghley from which it may be gathered that his See also:

• PRIME, PRIMER AND PRIMING

prime offence had been an allusion to Essex's disgrace as being the See also:

• WORK

work of See also:

• SIR

Sir See also:

• WALTER, HUBERT (d. 1205)
• WALTER, JOHN (1738/9-1812)

Walter See also:

• RALEIGH
• RALEIGH, SIR WALTER (c. 1552-1618)

Raleigh . Fletcher was employed in 1610 to negotiate with See also:

• DENMARK
• DENMARK (Danmark)

Denmark on behalf of the " Eastland Merchants," and he died next year, and was buried on the 11th of See also:

• MARCH
• MARCH (1) (from Fr. marcher, to walk; the earliest sense in French appears to be " to trample," and the origin has usually been found in the Lat. marcus, hammer; Low Lat. marcare, to hammer; hence to beat the road with the regular tread of a soldier: cf.
• MARCH, AUZIAS (c. "1395-1458)
• MARCH, EARLS OF
• MARCH, FRANCIS ANDREW (1825– )

March in the See also:

• PARISH (Gr. irapouda, district, neighbourhood; 7r&poucos, one dwelling near or beside, from crap&, OtKOS, house; Lat. paroecur, Late Lat. parochia; cf. Fr. paroisse)

parish of St See also:

• CATHERINE
• CATHERINE, SAINT

Catherine See also:

• COLMAN, GEORGE (1732–1794)
• COLMAN, SAINT (d. 676)
• COLMAN, SAMUEL (1832– )

Colman, London The Russe Commonwealth was issued in an abridged See also:

• FORM (Lat. forma)

form in Hakluyt's See also:

• PRINCIPAL

Principal See also:

• NAVIGATION (from Lat. navis, ship, and agere, to move)

Navigation, Voyages, &c . (vol. i. p . 473, ed. of 189&), a somewhat completer version in Purchas his Pilgrimes (pt. iii. ed . 1625), also as History of Russia in 1643 and 1657 . Fletcher also wrote De literis antiquae Britanniae (ed. by Phineas Fletcher, 1633), a See also:

• TREATISE

treatise on "The Tartars," printed in See also:

• ISRAEL (Hebrew for " God strives " or " rules "; see Gen. xxxii. 28; and the allusion in Hosea xii. 4)

Israel Redux (ed. by S(amuel) L(ee), 1677), to prove that they were the ten lost tribes of Israel, Latin poems published in various miscellanies, and Licia, or Poetises of Love in See also:

• HONOUR (Lat. honos or lwnor, honoris; in English the word was spelled with or without the u indifferently until the 17th century, but during the 18th century it became fashion-able to spell the word " honor "; Johnson's and Webster's Dictionaries stereoty

Honour of the admirable and singular venues of his See also:

• LADY (0. Eng. hlaefdige, Mid. Eng. ldfdi, lavedi; the first part of the word is hldf, loaf, bread, as in the corresponding hldford, lord; the second part is usually taken to be from the root dig-, to knead, seen also in " dough "; the sense development fr

Lady, to the See also:

• IMITATION (Lat. imitatio, from intitari, to imitate)

imitation of the best Latin Poets... where-unto is added the Rising to the See also:

• CROWNE, JOHN (d. c. 1703)

Crowne of Richard the third (1593) . This See also:

• SERIES (a Latin word from serere, to join)

series of love sonnets, followed by some other poems, was published anonymously .

Most critics, with the notable exception of See also:

• ALEXANDER
• ALEXANDER (1461-1506)
• ALEXANDER (ALEXANDER OF BATTENBERG) (1857-1893)
• ALEXANDER (ALEXANDER OsxENOVici) (1876-1903)
• ALEXANDER, ARCHIBALD (1772—1851)
• ALEXANDER, FRANCIS (1800—1881)
• ALEXANDER, GEORGE (1858— )
• ALEXANDER, JOHN WHITE (1856- )
• ALEXANDER, JOSEPH ADDISON (18o9—186o)
• ALEXANDER, SIR JAMES EDWARD (1803—1885)
• ALEXANDER, WILLIAM (1824— )
• ALEXANDER, WILLIAM LINDSAY (1808—1884)

Alexander See also:

• DYCE, ALEXANDER (1798–1869)
• DYCE, WILLIAM (1806–1864)

Dyce (See also:

• BEAUMONT
• BEAUMONT, BELMONT, or BELLOMONT
• BEAUMONT, CHRISTOPHE DE (1703-1781)
• BEAUMONT, SIR JOHN (1583–1627)

Beaumont and Fletcher, See also:

• WORKS

Works, i. p. xvs., 1843) have accepted it as the work of Dr Giles Fletcher on the See also:

• EVIDENCE (Lat. evidentia, evideri, to appear clearly)

evidence afforded in the first of the Piscatory Eclogues of his son Phineas, who represents his father (Thelgon), as having " raised his rime to sing of Richard's climbing." See E . A . Bond's Introduction to the Hakluyt Society's edition; also Dr A . B . See also:

• GROSART, ALEXANDER BALLOCH (1827-1899)

Grosart's prefatory See also:

• MATTER

matter to Licia (See also:

• FULLER, ANDREW (1954-1815)
• FULLER, GEORGE (1822—1884)
• FULLER, M
• FULLER, MARGARET, MARCHIONESS
• FULLER, MELVILLE WESTON (1833-1910)
• FULLER, THOMAS (16o8-1661)
• FULLER, WILLIAM (1670--c. 1717)

Fuller Worthies Library, Miscellanies, vol. iii., 1871), and to the works (1869) of Phineas Fletcher in the same series . Fletcher's letters relative to the college dispute with the See also:

• PROVOST (through O. Fr. prevost, mod. prevot, Lat. praepositus, set over, from praeponere, to place in front)

provost, Dr See also:

• ROGER (d. 1139)
• ROGER (d. 1181)

Roger Goad, are preserved in the See also:

• LANSDOWNE
• LANSDOWNE, WILLIAM PETTY FITZMAURICE, 1ST MARQUESS OF (1737-18o5)

Lansdowne See also:

• MSS

MSS . (See also:

• XXIII

xxiii. See also:

• ART

art . 18 et seq.), and are translated in Grosart's edition .