MANOEL DEODORO DA See also:

• FONSECA, AMAPALA
• MANOEL DEODORO DA FONSECA (1827-1892)

FONSECA (1827-1892)  , first See also:

• PRESIDENT (Fr. president, from Lat. praesidens, post-Augustan Lat. for praeses, director, ruler, from praesidere, to sit in front of, preside)

president of the See also:

• UNITED

united states of See also:

• BRAZIL
• BRAZIL, or BRASIL

Brazil, was See also:

• BORN, IGNAZ, EDLER VON (1742–1791)

born at See also:

• ALAGOAS

Alagoas on the 5th of See also:

• AUGUST (originally Sextilis)

August 1827, being the third son of Lieut.-See also:

• COLONEL (derived either from Lat. column, Fr. colonne, column, or Lat. corona, a crown)

Colonel Manoel Mendes da See also:

• FONSECA, AMAPALA
• FONSECA, MANOEL DEODORO DA (1827-1892)

Fonseca (d . 1859) . He was educated at the military school of Rio de Janeiro, and had attained the See also:

• RANK (O.Fr. rant or rent, mod. rang, generally connected with the O.E. and O.H.G. bring, a ring)

rank of See also:

• CAPTAIN (derived from Lat. ca put, head, through the Low Lat. capitanus)

captain in the Brazilian See also:

• ARMY
• ARMY (from Fr. armee, Lat. armata)

army when See also:

• WAR
• WAR (O. Eng. werre, Fr. guerre, of Teutonic origin; cf. O.H.G. werran, to confound)

war See also:

• BROKE, or BROOKE, ARTHUR (d. 1563)
• BROKE, SIR PHILIP BOWES VERE, BART

broke out in 1864 against See also:

• MONTEVIDEO, SAN FELIPE Y SANTIAGO DE

Montevideo, and afterwards against Solano See also:

• LOPEZ, CARLOS ANTONIO (1790-1862)

Lopez, See also:

• DICTATOR (from the Lat. dictare, frequentative of dicere, to speak)

dictator of See also:

• PARAGUAY

Paraguay . His courage gained him distinction, and before the See also:

• CLOSE
• CLOSE (from Lat. clausum, shut)
• CLOSE, MAXWELL HENRY (1822-1903)

close of the war in 187o he reached the rank of colonel, and some years later that of See also:

• GENERAL
• GENERAL (Lat. generalis, of or relating to a genus, kind or class)

general of See also:

• DIVISION (from Lat. dividere, to break up into parts, separate)

division . After holding several military commands, he was appointed in 1886 See also:

• GOVERNOR (from the Fr. gouverneur, from gouverner, O. Fr. governer, Lat. gubernare, to steer a ship, to direct, guide)

governor of the See also:

• PROVINCE
• PROVINCE (Lat. provincia; perhaps a contraction of providentia)

province of Rio Grande do Sul . In this position he threw himself heartily into politics, espoused the republican opinions then becoming prevalent, and sheltered their exponents with his authority . After a fruitless remonstrance, the See also:

• GOVERNMENT
• GOVERNMENT (0. Fr. governement, mod. gouvernement, O. Fr. governer, mod. gouverner, from Lat. gubernare, to steer a ship, guide, rule; cf. Gr. xv(3epvav)

government at the close of the See also:

• YEAR

year removed him from his See also:

• POST

post, and recalled him to the See also:

• CAPITAL (i.e. capital stock or fund)
• CAPITAL (Lat. caput, head)

capital as director of the service of army material . Finding that even in that post he still continued to encourage insubordination, the See also:

• MINISTER (Lat. minister, servant)

minister of war, Alfredo See also:

• CHAVES

Chaves, dismissed him from See also:

• OFFICE (from Lat. officium, " duty," " service," a shortened form of opifacium, from facere, " to do," and either the stem of opes, " wealth," " aid," or opus, " work ")

office . On 14th of May 1887, in See also:

• CONJUNCTION (from Lat. conjungere, to join together)

conjunction with the See also:

• VISCOUNT (through O. Fr. viscomte, mod. vicomte, from Low Lat. vice-comes, cf. Portug. visconde, Ital. visconte)

viscount de See also:

• PELOTAS

Pelotas, Fonseca issued a manifesto in See also:

• DEFENCE
• DEFENCE (Lat. defendere, to defend)

defence of the military See also:

• OFFICERS

officers' See also:

• POLITICAL

political rights . From that See also:

• TIME (0. Eng. Lima, cf. Icel. timi, Swed. timme, hour, Dan. time; from the root also seen in " tide," properly the time of between the flow and ebb of the sea, cf. O. Eng. getidan, to happen, " even-tide," &c.; it is not directly related to Lat. tempus)
• TIME, MEASUREMENT OF
• TIME, STANDARD

time his See also:

• INFLUENCE (Late Lat. influentia, from influere, to flow in)

influence was supreme in the army . In See also:

• DECEMBER (Lat. decent, ten)

December 1888, when the Conservative See also:

• CORREA

Correa d'Oliveira became See also:

• PRIME, PRIMER AND PRIMING

prime minister, Fonseca was appointed to command an army See also:

• CORPS (pronounced as in French, from which it is taken, being a late spelling of tors, from Lat. corpus, a body; cf. " corpse ")

corps on the frontier of Matto Grosso . In See also:

• JUNE

June 1889 the See also:

• MINISTRY

ministry was overthrown, and on a See also:

• DISSOLUTION (from Lat. dissolvere, to break up into parts)

dissolution an overwhelming Liberal See also:

• MAJORITY (Fr. majorite; Med. Lat. majoritas; Lat. major, greater)

majority was returned to the chamber of deputies .

Fonseca returned to the capital in See also:

• SEPTEMBER (Lat. septem, seven)

September . Divisions of See also:

• OPINION (Lat. opinio, from opinari, to think)

opinion soon arose within the Liberal party on the question of provincial See also:

• AUTONOMY (Gr. abr6s, self, and v6pos, law)

autonomy . The more extreme desired the inauguration of a See also:

• COMPLETE

complete federal See also:

• SYSTEM

system . Amongst the most vehement was Ruy Barbosa, the journalist and orator, and after some difficulty he persuaded Fonseca to See also:

• HEAD (in 0. Eng. heafad; the word is common to Teutonic languages; cf. Dutch hoofd, Ger. Haupt, generally taken to be in origin connected with Lat. caput, Gr. KerbOvi7)
• HEAD, SIR EDMUND WALKER, BART
• HEAD, SIR FRANCIS BOND, BART

head an armed See also:

• MOVEMENT

movement against the government . The insurrection broke out on the 15th of See also:

• NOVEMBER (Lat. novem, nine)

November 1889 . The government See also:

• COMMANDER

commander, See also:

• ALMEIDA
• ALMEIDA, DOM FRANCISCO DE (c. 1450-1510)

Almeida Barreto, hastened to See also:

• PLACE (through Fr. from Lat. platea, street; Gr. IrAar6s, wide)

place himself under Fonseca's orders, and the soldiers and sailors made See also:

• COMMON

common cause with the insurgents . The affair was almost bloodless, the minister of marine, See also:

• BARON
• BARON (1835-1895)
• BARON, MICHEL (1653—1729)

baron de Ladario, being the only See also:

• PERSON, OFFENCES AGAINST THE

person wounded . Fonseca had only intended to overturn the ministry, but he yielded to the insistency of the republican-leaders and proclaimed a See also:

• REPUBLIC (Lat. respublica, a commonweal or common-wealth)

republic . A provisional government was constituted by the army and See also:

• NAVY

navy in the name of the nation. with Fonseca at its head . The See also:

• COUNCIL (Lat. concilium, from cum, together, and the root cal, to call)

council was abolished, and both the See also:

• SENATE (Lat. senatus, from root sen-, as in senex, old; the root is the Sanskrit sana, cf. Gr. 'vos; the same element appears in senor, seigneur, seneschal)

senate and the chamber of deputies were dissolved . The See also:

• EMPEROR (Fr. empereur, from the Lat. imperator)

emperor was requested to leave the territory of Brazil within twenty-four See also:

• HOURS, CANONICAL

hours, and on the 17th of November was embarked on a cruiser for See also:

• LISBON (Lisboa)

Lisbon . On the loth of December a See also:

• DECREE (from the past participle, decretus, of Lat. decernere)

decree of banishment was pronounced against the imperial See also:

• FAMILY

family .

So universal was the republican sentiment that there was no See also:

• ATTEMPT (Lat. adtemptare, attentare, to try)

attempt at armed resistance . The provisional government exercised dictatorial See also:

• POWERS, HIRAM (1805-1873)

powers for a year, and on the 25th of See also:

• FEBRUARY

February 1891 Fonseca was elected president of the republic . He was, however, no politician, and possessed indeed little ability beyond the See also:

• ART

art of acquiring popularity . His See also:

• TENURE (Fr. tenure, from Lat. tenere, to hold)

tenure of office was See also:

• SHORT, FRANCIS JOB (1857– )

short . In May be became involved in an altercation with See also:

• CONGRESS (Lat. congressus, coming together, from congredi; cum, with, and gradus, step)

congress, and in November pronounced its dissolution, a measure beyond his constitutional See also:

• POWER [WILLIAM GRATTAN] TYRONE (1797-1841)

power . After a few days of arbitrary See also:

• RULE

rule insurrection broke out in Rio Grande do Sul, and before the close of November Fonseca, finding himself forsaken, resigned his office . From that time he lived in retirement . He died at Rio de Janeiro on the 23rd of August 1892 .