FRANCESCO  INGx1RAMr (1772—1846), a distinguished archaeologist, fought in the

French wars (1799), and afterwards devoted himself especially to the study of Etruscan antiquities . He founded a college at Fiesole and collected, though without critical insight, a mass of valuable material in his Monumenti etruschi (10 vols., 1820-1827), Galleria arterial (3 vols., 1829—1851), Pitture di vasi fittili (1831—1837), Museo etrusco chiusino (2 vols., 1833), and the incomplete Sloria della Toscana (1841—1845): these works were elaborately illustrated . His brother, GIOVANNI INGIIRAMI (1779—1851), was an astronomer of repute . He was professor of astronomy at the Institute founded by Ximenes in Florence and published beside a number of text-books Effemeridi dell' occultazione delle piccole stelle sotto la Tacna (1809—1830); Effemeridi di Venese e Glove all' use de' naviganti (1821—1824) Tavole astronomichi universali portatili (1811); Base trigonometrica misuratain Toscana (1:818); Carta topografica e geometrica della Toscana (183o) .