FREDERICK  , a

city and the county-seat of Frederick county, Maryland,U.S . A., on Carroll's Creek, a tributary of the Monocacy, 61 m. by rail W. by N. from Baltimore and 45 M . N.W. from Washington . Pop . (1890) 8193; (1900) 9296, of whom 1535 were negroes; (1910 census) 10,411 . It is served by the Baltimore & Ohio and the Northern Central railways, and by two interurban electric lines . Immediately surrounding it is the rich farming land of the Monocacy valley, but from a distance it appears to be completely shut in by picturesque hills and mountains; to the E., the Linga ore Hills; to the W., Catoctin Mountain; and to the S., Sugar Loaf Mountain . It is built for the most part of brick and stone . Frederick is the seat of the Maryland school for the deaf and dumb and of the Woman's College of Frederick (1893; formerly the Frederick Female Seminary, opened in 1843), which in 1907–1908 had 212 students, 121 of whom were in the Conservatory of Music . Francis Scott Key and Roger Brooke Taney were buried here, and a beautiful monument erected to the memory of Key stands at the entrance to Mount Olivet cemetery . Frederick has a considerable agricultural trade and is an important manufacturing centre, its industries including the canning of fruits and vegetables, and the manufacture of flour, bricks, brushes, leather goods and hosiery . The total value of the factory product in 1905 was $1,937,921, being 34.7% more than in 1900 .

The

municipality owns and operates its water-works and electric-lighting plant . Frederick, so named in honour of Frederick Calvert, son and afterward successor of Charles, Lord Baltimore, was settled by Germans in 1733, and was laid out as a town in 1745, but was not incorporated until 1817 . Here in 1755 General Braddock prepared for his disastrous expedition against the French at Fort Duquesne (Pittsburg) .