See also:

• JOHN
• JOHN (1167–1216)
• JOHN (1290-c. 1320)
• JOHN (1296-1346)
• JOHN (1371–1419)
• JOHN (1468-1532)
• JOHN (1801-1873)
• JOHN (Heb. llni')
• JOHN (ZAPOLYA) (1487-1540)
• JOHN, 4TH MARQUESS OF TWEEDDALE (c. 1695-1762)
• JOHN, DON (1545-1578)
• JOHN, DON (1629–1679)
• JOHN, GOSPEL OF ST
• JOHN, or HAYS (1513–1571)
• JOHN, THE APOSTLE
• JOHN, THE EPISTLES OF

JOHN See also:

• CHARLES
• CHARLES (1270-1325)
• CHARLES (1421-1461)
• CHARLES (1525-1574)
• CHARLES (c. 1319-1364)
• CHARLES (Fr. Charles; Span. Carlos; Ital. Carlo; Ger. Karl; derived from O.H.G. Charal,latinized as Carolus, meaning originally " man ": cf. Mod.Ger., Kerl," fellow," A.S. ceorl, Mod. Eng. " churl ")
• CHARLES (KARL EITEL ZEPHYRIN LUDWIG; in Rum. CAROL)
• CHARLES [KARL ALEXANDER] (1712-1780)
• CHARLES, ELIZABETH (1828-1896)
• CHARLES, JACQUES ALEXANDRE CESAR (1746-1823)
• CHARLES, THOMAS (1755-1814)

CHARLES See also:

• FREMONT
• JOHN CHARLES FREMONT (1813-1890)

FREMONT (1813-1890)  , See also:

• AMERICAN

American explorer, soldier and See also:

• POLITICAL

political See also:

• LEADER, BENJAMIN WILLIAMS (1831– )

leader, was See also:

• BORN, IGNAZ, EDLER VON (1742–1791)

born in See also:

• SAVANNAH

Savannah, See also:

• GEORGIA

Georgia, on the 21st of See also:

• JANUARY

January 1813 . His See also:

• FATHER

father, a native of See also:

• FRANCE
• FRANCE, ANATOLE (1844– )

France, died when the boy was in his See also:

• SIXTH

sixth See also:

• YEAR

year, and his See also:

• MOTHER

mother, a member of an aristocratic See also:

• VIRGINIA
• VIRGINIA, or VERGINIA
• VIRGINIA, UNIVERSITY OF

Virginia See also:

• FAMILY

family, then removed to See also:

• CHARLESTON

Charleston, See also:

• SOUTH
• SOUTH, ROBERT (1634–1716)

South Carolina . In 1828, after a year's See also:

• SPECIAL

special preparation, See also:

• YOUNG
• YOUNG, A
• YOUNG, ARTHUR (1741-1820)
• YOUNG, BRIGHAM (1801-1877)
• YOUNG, CHARLES MAYNE (1777–1856)
• YOUNG, EDWARD (1683–1765)
• YOUNG, JAMES (1811-1883)
• YOUNG, THOMAS (1773-1829)

young See also:

• FREMONT
• FREMONT, JOHN CHARLES (1813-1890)

Fremont entered the junior class of the See also:

• COLLEGE (Collegium)

college of Charleston, and here displayed marked ability, especially in See also:

• MATHEMATICS (Gr. /saBnµar1Kil, Sc. vOcvn or E7rlQTt'µn; from p iN.La, "learning" or "science ")

mathematics; but his irregular attendance and disregard of college discipline led to his See also:

• EXPULSION (Lat. expulsio, from expellere)

expulsion from the institution, which, however, conferred upon him a degree in 1836 . In 1833 he was appointed teacher of mathematics on See also:

• BOARD (O. Eng. bord)

board the See also:

• SLOOP

sloop of See also:

• WAR
• WAR (O. Eng. werre, Fr. guerre, of Teutonic origin; cf. O.H.G. werran, to confound)

war " See also:

• NATCHEZ

Natchez, " and was so engaged during a cruise along the South American See also:

• COAST (from Lat. costa, a rib, side)

coast which was continued for about two and a See also:

• HALF

half years . Soon after returning to Charleston he was appointed See also:

• PROFESSOR (the Latin noun formed from the verb profiteri, to declare publicly, to acknowledge, profess)

professor of mathematics in the See also:

• UNITED

United States See also:

• NAVY

navy, but he See also:

• CHOSE (Fr. for " thing ")

chose instead to serve as assistant engineer of a survey undertaken chiefly for the purpose of finding a pass through the mountains for a See also:

• PRO

pro-posed railway from Charleston to See also:

• CINCINNATI

Cincinnati . In See also:

• JULY

July 1838 he was appointed second See also:

• LIEUTENANT

lieutenant of Topographical See also:

• ENGINEERS, MILITARY

Engineers in the United States See also:

• ARMY
• ARMY (from Fr. armee, Lat. armata)

army, and for the next three years he was assistant to the See also:

• FRENCH
• FRENCH, DANIEL CHESTER (1850– )
• FRENCH, NICHOLAS (1604-1678)

French explorer, See also:

• JEAN

Jean See also:

• NICHOLAS
• NICHOLAS (1841– )
• NICHOLAS (or NICLAES), HENRY (or HENDRIK) (c. 1501-C. 158o)
• NICHOLAS, SIR EDWARD (1593-1669)
• NICHOLAS, ST

Nicholas Nicollet (1786-1843), employed by the war See also:

• DEPARTMENT (Fr. departement, from departir, to separate into parts)

department to survey and See also:

• MAP
• MAP (or MAPES), WALTER (d. c. 1208/9)

map a large See also:

• PART

part of the See also:

• COUNTRY (from the Mid. Eng. contre or contrie, and O. Fr. cuntree; Late Lat. contrata, showing the derivation from contra, opposite, over against, thus the tract of land which fronts the sight, cf. Ger. Gegend, neighbourhood)

country lying between the upper See also:

• WATERS, TERRITORIAL

waters of the See also:

• MISSISSIPPI

Mississippi and See also:

• MISSOURI

Missouri See also:

• RIVERS
• RIVERS, ANTHONY WOODVILLE, or WYDEVILLE, 2ND EARL (c. 1442—1483)
• RIVERS, EARL
• RIVERS, RICHARD SAVAGE, 4TH EARL (c. 1660—1712)

rivers . In 1841 Fremont surveyed, for the See also:

• GOVERNMENT
• GOVERNMENT (0. Fr. governement, mod. gouvernement, O. Fr. governer, mod. gouverner, from Lat. gubernare, to steer a ship, guide, rule; cf. Gr. xv(3epvav)

government, the See also:

• LOWER

lower course of the See also:

• DES

Des Moines See also:

• RIVER

river . In the same year he married Jessie, the daughter of Senator See also:

• THOMAS
• THOMAS (c. 1654-1720)
• THOMAS (d. 110o)
• THOMAS, ARTHUR GORING (1850-1892)
• THOMAS, CHARLES LOUIS AMBROISE (1811-1896)
• THOMAS, GEORGE (c. 1756-1802)
• THOMAS, GEORGE HENRY (1816-187o)
• THOMAS, ISAIAH (1749-1831)
• THOMAS, PIERRE (1634-1698)
• THOMAS, SIDNEY GILCHRIST (1850-1885)
• THOMAS, ST
• THOMAS, THEODORE (1835-1905)
• THOMAS, WILLIAM (d. 1554)

Thomas H . See also:

• BENTON, THOMAS HART (1782-1858)

Benton of Missouri, and it was in no small measure through Benton's See also:

• INFLUENCE (Late Lat. influentia, from influere, to flow in)

influence with the government that Fremont was enabled to accomplish within the next few years the exploration of much of the territory between the Mississippi Valley and the Pacific Ocean . When the claim of the United States to the See also:

• OREGON

Oregon territory was being strengthened by occupation, Fremont was sent, at his urgent See also:

• REQUEST, LETTERS OF

request, to explore the frontier beyond the Missouri river, and especially the Rocky Mountains in the vicinity of the South Pass, through which the American immigrants travelled . Within four months (1842) he surveyed the Pass and ascended to the See also:

• SUMMIT

summit of the highest of the See also:

• WIND
• WIND (a common Teut. word, cognate with Skt. vats, Lat. ventus, cf. " weather," to be of course distinguished from to " wind," to coil or twist, O.Eng. windan, cf. "wander," "wend," &c.)

Wind River Mountains, since known as Fremont's See also:

• PEAK, THE

Peak, and the See also:

• INTEREST

interest aroused by his descriptions was such that in the next year he was sent on a second expedition to See also:

• COMPLETE

complete the survey across the See also:

• CONTINENT (from Lat. continere, "to hold together "; hence " connected," " continuous ")

continent along the See also:

• LINE

line of travel from Missouri to the mouth of the See also:

• COLUMBIA

Columbia river . This See also:

• TIME (0. Eng. Lima, cf. Icel. timi, Swed. timme, hour, Dan. time; from the root also seen in " tide," properly the time of between the flow and ebb of the sea, cf. O. Eng. getidan, to happen, " even-tide," &c.; it is not directly related to Lat. tempus)
• TIME, MEASUREMENT OF
• TIME, STANDARD

time he not only carried out his instructions but, by further explorations together with interesting descriptions, dispelled See also:

• GENERAL
• GENERAL (Lat. generalis, of or relating to a genus, kind or class)

general See also:

• IGNORANCE (Lat. ignorantia, from ignorare, not to know); want of knowledge, a state of mind which in law has important consequences. A well-known legal maxim runs: ignorantia juris non excusat ("ignorance of the law does not excuse")

ignorance with respect to the See also:

• MAIN (from the Aryan root which appears in " may " and " might," and Lat. magnus, great)
• MAIN (Lat. Moenus)

main features of the country W. of the Rocky Mountains: the See also:

• GREAT

Great See also:

• SALT (a common Teutonic word, cf. Dutch zout, Ger. Salz, Scand. salt; cognate with Gr. &Xs, Lat. sal)
• SALT, SIR TITUS, BART

Salt See also:

• LAKE
• LAKE, GERARD LAKE, 1ST VISCOUNT (1744-1808)

Lake, the Great See also:

• BASIN, or BASON (the older form bacin is found in many of the Romanic languages, from the Late Lat. baccinus or bacchinus, probably derived from bacca, a bowl)
• BASIN, THOMAS (1412—1491)

Basin, the Sierra See also:

• NEVADA
• NEVADA (a Spanish word meaning " snow-clad " or " snowy land," originally applied to a snow-capped mountain range on the Pacific slope)

Nevada Mountains, and the fertile river basins of the Mexican See also:

• PROVINCE
• PROVINCE (Lat. provincia; perhaps a contraction of providentia)

province of See also:

• CALIFORNIA
• CALIFORNIA, LOWER (Baja California)
• CALIFORNIA, UNIVERSITY OF

California .

m . 4 His See also:

• REPORT (O.Fr. report or raport, modern rapport, from O.Fr. reporter, mod. rap porter, Lat. reportare, to bring back, in poetical use only, of bringing back an account, news, &c.)

report of this expedition upon his return to See also:

• WASHINGTON
• WASHINGTON (or WASHINGTON COURT HOUSE)
• WASHINGTON, BOOKER TALIAFERRO (c. 1859– )
• WASHINGTON, BUSHROD (1762-1829)
• WASHINGTON, GEORGE (1732-1799)

Washington, D.C., in 1844, aroused much solicitude for California, which, it was feared, might, in the event of war then threatening between the United States and See also:

• MEXICO
• MEXICO (Span. Mejico, or Mexico,)
• MEXICO, FEDERAL DISTRICT OF
• MEXICO, GULF OF

Mexico, be seized by Great See also:

• BRITAIN (Gr. Hperavuml vi7vot, Bperravia; Lat. Britannia, rarely Britannia)

Britain . In the See also:

• SPRING (from " to spring," " to leap or jump up," " burst out," O. Eng., springau, a common Teut. word, cf. Ger. springer, possibly allied to Gr. QnrFpxecOac, to move rapidly)

spring of 1845 Fremont was despatched on a third expedition for the professed purposes of further exploring the Great Basin and the Pacific Coast, and of discovering the easiest lines of communication between them, as well as for the See also:

• SECRET (Lat. secretum, hidden, concealed)

secret purpose of assisting the United States, in See also:

• CASE
• CASE, JOHN (d. 1600)

case of war with Mexico, to gain See also:

• POSSESSION
• POSSESSION (Lat. possessio, possidere, to possess)

possession of California . He and his party of sixty-two arrived there in January 1846 . Owing to the number of American immigrants who had settled in California, the Mexican authorities there became suspicious and hostile, and ordered Fremont out of the province . Instead of obeying he pitched his See also:

• CAMP (from Lat. campus, field)

camp near the summit of a See also:

• MOUNTAIN (0. Fr. montaigne; popular Lat. montanea, an adjectival form from the classical mons, montis, whence Eng. " mount," a form usually used along with the name of an individual mountain, e.g. Mt Everest)
• MOUNTAIN, THE (La Montagne)

mountain overlooking See also:

• MONTEREY

Monterey, fortified his position, and raised the United States See also:

• FLAG (or " FLAGGE," a common Teutonic word in this sense, but apparently first recorded in English)

flag . A few days later he was proceeding toward the Oregon border when new instructions from Washington caused him to retrace his steps and, perhaps, to consider plans for provoking war . The extent of his responsibility for the events that ensued is not wholly clear, and has been the subject of much controversy; his defenders have asserted that he was not responsible for the seizure of Sonoma or for the so-called " See also:

• BEAR
• BEAR, BLACK
• BEAR, BROWN
• BEAR, GRIZZLY
• BEAR, ISABELLINE
• BEAR, WHITE

Bear-Flag War "; and that he played a creditable part throughout . (For an opposite view see CALIFORNIA.) See also:

• COMMODORE (a form of " commander"; in the 17th century the term " commandore " is used)

Commodore See also:

• JOHN
• JOHN (1167–1216)
• JOHN (1290-c. 1320)
• JOHN (1296-1346)
• JOHN (1371–1419)
• JOHN (1468-1532)
• JOHN (1801-1873)
• JOHN (Heb. llni')
• JOHN (ZAPOLYA) (1487-1540)
• JOHN, 4TH MARQUESS OF TWEEDDALE (c. 1695-1762)
• JOHN, DON (1545-1578)
• JOHN, DON (1629–1679)
• JOHN, GOSPEL OF ST
• JOHN, or HAYS (1513–1571)
• JOHN, THE APOSTLE
• JOHN, THE EPISTLES OF

John D . Sloat, after seizing Monterey, transferred his command to Commodore See also:

• ROBERT
• ROBERT (1275—1343)
• ROBERT, HUBERT (1753-1808)
• ROBERT, LOUIS LEOPOLD (1794-1835)

Robert See also:

• FIELD (a word common to many West German languages, cf. Ger. Feld, Dutch veld, possibly cognate with O.E. f olde, the earth, and ultimately with root of the Gr. irAaror, broad)
• FIELD, CYRUS WEST (1819-1892)
• FIELD, DAVID DUDLEY (18o5-1894)
• FIELD, EUGENE (1850-1895)
• FIELD, FREDERICK (18o1—1885)
• FIELD, HENRY MARTYN (1822-1907)
• FIELD, JOHN (1782—1837)
• FIELD, MARSHALL (183 1906)
• FIELD, NATHAN (1587—1633)
• FIELD, STEPHEN JOHNSON (1816-1899)
• FIELD, WILLIAM VENTRIS FIELD, BARON (1813-1907)

Field See also:

• STOCKTON
• STOCKTON, FRANCIS RICHARD (1834–1902)

Stockton (1795–1866), who made Fremont See also:

• MAJOR
• MAJOR (Lat. for " greater ")
• MAJOR (or MAIR), JOHN (1470-1550)

major of a See also:

• BATTALION

battalion; and by January 1847 Stockton and Fremont completed the See also:

• CONQUEST

conquest of California . In the meantime General See also:

• STEPHEN
• STEPHEN (1097?-1154)
• STEPHEN (ISTVAN) BATHORY (1533-1586)
• STEPHEN, SIR JAMES (1789-1859)
• STEPHEN, SIR JAMES FITZJAMES, BART
• STEPHEN, SIR LESLIE (1832-1904)

Stephen See also:

• WATTS, ALARIC ALEXANDER (1797-1864)
• WATTS, GEORGE FREDERICK (1817-1904)
• WATTS, ISAAC (1674-1748)

Watts See also:

• KEARNY
• KEARNY, PHILIP (1815—1862)

Kearny (1794–1848) had been sent by the Government to conquer it and to establish a government . This created a conflict of authority between Stockton and Kearny, both of whom were Fremont's See also:

• SUPERIOR

superior See also:

• OFFICERS

officers .

Stockton, ignoring Kearny, commissioned Fremont military commandant and See also:

• GOVERNOR (from the Fr. gouverneur, from gouverner, O. Fr. governer, Lat. gubernare, to steer a ship, to direct, guide)

governor . But Kearny's authority being confirmed about the 1st of See also:

• APRIL

April, Fremont, for repeated acts of disobedience, was sent under See also:

• ARREST (Fr. arrester, arreeter, to stop or stay)

arrest to Washington, where he was tried by See also:

• COURT
• COURT (from the O. Fr. court, Late Lat. cortis, curtis, a popular form of class. Lat. cohors, gen. cohortis; the mod. Fr. form tour is due to the influence of the Lat. curia, the word used in medieval documents to translate " court " in the feudal sense)
• COURT, ANTOINE (1696-176o)

court-See also:

• MARTIAL (MARCUS VALERIUS MARTIALIS)

martial, found guilty (January 1847) of See also:

• MUTINY
• MUTINY (from an old verb " mutine," O. Fr. mutin, meutin, a sedition; cf. mod. Fr. emeute; the original is the Late Lat. mota, commotion, from movere, to move)

mutiny, disobedience and conduct prejudicial to military discipline, and sentenced to dismissal from the service . See also:

• PRESIDENT (Fr. president, from Lat. praesidens, post-Augustan Lat. for praeses, director, ruler, from praesidere, to sit in front of, preside)

President See also:

• POLK, JAMES KNOX (179 1849)
• POLK, LEONIDAS (1806-1864)

Polk approved of the See also:

• VERDICT (O. Fr. verdit, Lat. vere dictum, truly said, used in Late Latin in one word with its present significance)

verdict except as to mutiny, but remitted the See also:

• PENALTY (Lat. poena, punishment)

penalty, whereupon Fremont resigned . With the mountain-traversed region he had been exploring acquired by the United States, Fremont was eager for a railway from the See also:

• ATLANTIC

Atlantic to the Pacific, and in See also:

• OCTOBER

October 1848 he set out at his own and Senator Benton's expense to find passes for such a railway along a line westward from the headwaters of the Rio Grande . But he hrd not gone far when he was led astray by a See also:

• GUIDE (in Mid. Eng. gyde, from the Fr. guide; the earlier French form was guie, English " guy," the d was due to the Italian form guida; the ultimate origin is probably Teutonic, the word being connected with the base seen in O. Eng. witan, to know)

guide, and after the loss of his entire outfit and several of his men, and intense suffering of the survivors from See also:

• COLD (in O. Eng. cald and ceald, a word coming ultimately from a root cognate with the Lat. gelu, gelidus, and common in the Teutonic languages, which usually have two distinct forms for the substantive and the adjective, cf. Ger. Kolte, kalt, Dutch koude

cold and See also:

• HUNGER

hunger, he turned southward through the valley of the Rio Grande and then westward through the valley of the Gila into See also:

• SOUTHERN

southern California . See also:

• LATE

Late in the year 1853, however, he returned to the See also:

• PLACE (through Fr. from Lat. platea, street; Gr. IrAar6s, wide)

place where the guide had led him astray, found passes through the mountains to the westward between latitudes 370 and 38° N., and arrived in See also:

• SAN

San Francisco See also:

• EARLY
• EARLY, JUBAL ANDERSON (1816-1894)

early in May 1854 . From the conclusion of his See also:

• FOURTH

fourth expedition until See also:

• MARCH
• MARCH (1) (from Fr. marcher, to walk; the earliest sense in French appears to be " to trample," and the origin has usually been found in the Lat. marcus, hammer; Low Lat. marcare, to hammer; hence to beat the road with the regular tread of a soldier: cf.
• MARCH, AUZIAS (c. "1395-1458)
• MARCH, EARLS OF
• MARCH, FRANCIS ANDREW (1825– )

March 1855, when he removed to New See also:

• YORK
• YORK (HOUSE OF)
• YORK, EDMUND OF LANGLEY, DUKE OF (1341-1402)
• YORK, EDWARD
• YORK, FREDERICK AUGUSTUS, DUKE OF (1763-1827)
• YORK, RICHARD, DUKE

York See also:

• CITY (through Fr. cite, from Lat. civitas)

city, he lived in California, and in See also:

• DECEMBER (Lat. decent, ten)

December 1849 was elected one of the first two United States senators from the new See also:

• STATE
• STATE, GREAT OFFICERS OF

state . But as he See also:

• DREW
• DREW, SAMUEL (1765-1833)

drew the See also:

• SHORT, FRANCIS JOB (1857– )

short See also:

• TERM

term, he served only from the loth of See also:

• SEPTEMBER (Lat. septem, seven)

September 185o to the 3rd of March 1851 . Although a See also:

• CANDIDATE

candidate for re-See also:

• ELECTION
• ELECTION (from Lat. eligere, to pick out)

election, he was defeated by the pro-See also:

• SLAVERY

slavery party . His opposition to slavery, however, together with his popularity—won by the successes, hardships and dangers of his exploring expeditions, and by his part in the conquest of California—led to his nomination, largely on the ground of " availability," for the See also:

• PRESIDENCY

presidency in 1856 by the Republicans (this being their first presidential See also:

• CAMPAIGN

campaign), and by the See also:

• NATIONAL

National Americans or " Know-Nothings." In the ensuing election he was defeated by See also:

• JAMES
• JAMES (Gr. 'IlrKw,l3or, the Heb. Ya`akob or Jacob)
• JAMES (JAMES FRANCIS EDWARD STUART) (1688-1766)
• JAMES, 2ND EARL OF DOUGLAS AND MAR(c. 1358–1388)
• JAMES, DAVID (1839-1893)
• JAMES, EPISTLE OF
• JAMES, GEORGE PAYNE RAINSFOP
• JAMES, HENRY (1843— )
• JAMES, JOHN ANGELL (1785-1859)
• JAMES, THOMAS (c. 1573–1629)
• JAMES, WILLIAM (1842–1910)
• JAMES, WILLIAM (d. 1827)

James See also:

• BUCHANAN
• BUCHANAN, CLAUDIUS
• BUCHANAN, GEORGE (1506–1582)
• BUCHANAN, JAMES (1791-1868)
• BUCHANAN, ROBERT WILLIAMS (1841-1901)

Buchanan by 174 to 114 electoral votes . Soon after the See also:

• CIVIL

Civil War began, Fremont was appointed major-general and placed in command of the western department ii with headquarters at St See also:

• LOUIS
• LOUIS (804–876)
• LOUIS (893–911)
• LOUIS, JOSEPH DOMINIQUE, BARON (1755-1837)
• LOUIS, or LEWIS (from the Frankish Chlodowich, Chlodwig, Latinized as Chlodowius, Lodhuwicus, Lodhuvicus, whence-in the Strassburg oath of 842-0. Fr. Lodhuwigs, then Chlovis, Loys and later Louis, whence Span. Luiz and—through the Angevin kings—Hungarian

Louis, but his lack of See also:

• JUDGMENT

judgment and of administrative ability soon became apparent, the affairs of his department See also:

• FELL
• FELL, JOHN (1625-1686)

fell into disorder, and Fremont seems to have been easily duped by dishonest contractors whom he trusted . On the 3oth of See also:

• AUGUST (originally Sextilis)

August 1861 he issued a See also:

• PROCLAMATION (Lat. proclamare, to make public by announcement)

proclamation in which he declared the See also:

• PROPERTY

property of Missourians in See also:

• REBELLION

rebellion confiscated and their slaves emancipated .

For this he was applauded by the See also:

• RADICAL (Lat. radix, a root)

radical Republicans, but his See also:

• ACTION

action was contrary to an See also:

• ACT (Lat. actus, actum)

act of See also:

• CONGRESS (Lat. congressus, coming together, from congredi; cum, with, and gradus, step)

congress of the 6th of August and to the policy of the See also:

• ADMINISTRATION (Lat. administrare, to serve)

Administration . On the 11th of September President See also:

• LINCOLN
• LINCOLN, ABRAHAM (1809-1865)
• LINCOLN, EARLS OF

Lincoln, who regarded the action as premature and who saw that it might alienate See also:

• KENTUCKY

Kentucky and other border states, whose adherence he was trying to secure, annulled these declarations . Impelled by serious charges against Fremont, the president sent See also:

• MONTGOMERY
• MONTGOMERY ( Tre' Faldwyn)
• MONTGOMERY, GABRIEL, SEIGNEUR DE LORGES, COMTE DE (c. 1530-1574)
• MONTGOMERY, JAMES (1771-1854)
• MONTGOMERY, ROBERT (1807-1855)

Montgomery See also:

• BLAIR, FRANCIS PRESTON (1791–1876)
• BLAIR, HUGH (1718-1800)
• BLAIR, JAMES (1656`1743)
• BLAIR, ROBERT (1699—1746)

Blair, the postmaster-general, and Montgomery C . Meigs, the quartermaster-general, to investigate the department; they reported that Fremont's management was extravagant and inefficient; and in See also:

• NOVEMBER (Lat. novem, nine)

November he was removed . Out of See also:

• CONSIDERATION (from Lat. considerare, to look at closely, examine, generally taken to be from con-, and the base seen in sidus, sideris, a star, the word being supposed to be originally an astrological or astronomical term)

consideration for the " Radicals," however, Fremont was placed in command of the Mountain Department of Virginia, Kentucky and See also:

• TENNESSEE

Tennessee . In the spring and summer of 1862 he co-operated with General N . P . See also:

• BANKS, GEORGE LINNAEUS (1821-1881)
• BANKS, NATHANIEL PRENTISS (1816–1894)
• BANKS, SIR JOSEPH
• BANKS, THOMAS (1735-1805)

Banks against " Stonewall " See also:

• JACKSON
• JACKSON, ANDREW (1767-1845)
• JACKSON, CYRIL (1746-1819)
• JACKSON, FREDERICK GEORGE (186o– )
• JACKSON, HELEN MARIA (1831–1885)
• JACKSON, MASON (c. 1820-1903)
• JACKSON, THOMAS (1579-1640)
• JACKSON, THOMAS JONATHAN (1824-1863)
• JACKSON, WILLIAM (1730-1803)

Jackson in the See also:

• SHENANDOAH

Shenandoah Valley, but showed little ability as a See also:

• COMMANDER

commander, was defeated by General See also:

• EWELL, RICHARD STODDERT (1817-1872)

Ewell at See also:

• CROSS

Cross Keys, and when his troops were united with those of Generals Banks and McDowell to See also:

• FORM (Lat. forma)

form the Army of Virginia, of which General John See also:

• POPE (Gr. irarraas, post-classical Lat. papa, father)
• POPE, ALEXANDER (1688–1744)
• POPE, ALEXANDER (1763-1835)
• POPE, JANE (1742-1818)
• POPE, JOHN (1822-1892)
• POPE, SIR THOMAS (c. 1507-1559)

Pope was placed in command, Fremont declined to serve under Pope, whom he outranked, and retired from active service . On the 31st of May 1864 he was nominated for the presidency by a radical See also:

• FACTION (through the French, from Lat. factio, a company of persons combined for action, facere, to do; from the other French derivative facon comes " fashion ")

faction of the Republican party, opposed to President Lincoln, but his following was so small that on the 21st of September he with-drew from the contest . From 1878 to 1881 he was governor of the territory of See also:

• ARIZONA (from the Spanish-Indian Arizonac, of unknown meaning,—possibly " few springs,"-the name of an 18th-century mining camp in the Santa Cruz valley, just S. of the present border of Arizona)

Arizona, and in the last year of his See also:

• LIFE

life he was appointed by act of congress a major-general and placed on the retired See also:

• LIST (O.E. lisle, a Teutonic word, cf. Dut. lust, Ger. Leiste, adapted in Ital. lista and Fr. lisle)
• LIST, FRIEDRICH (1789-1846)

list . He died in New York on the 13th of July 18go . See J .

C . Fremont, Report of the Exploring Expedition to the Rocky Mountains, 184?, and to Oregon and See also:

• NORTH
• NORTH, BARONS
• NORTH, MARIANNE (1830—1890)
• NORTH, ROGER (1653-1734)
• NORTH, SIR THOMAS (1535?-16o1?)

North California, 1843—1844 (Washington, 1845) ; Fremont's See also:

• MEMOIRS

Memoirs of my Life (New York, 1887) ; and J . See also:

• BIGELOW, JOHN (1817- )

Bigelow, Memoirs of the Life and Public Services of John C . Fremont (New York, 1856) .