See also:

• JOHN
• JOHN (1167–1216)
• JOHN (1290-c. 1320)
• JOHN (1296-1346)
• JOHN (1371–1419)
• JOHN (1468-1532)
• JOHN (1801-1873)
• JOHN (Heb. llni')
• JOHN (ZAPOLYA) (1487-1540)
• JOHN, 4TH MARQUESS OF TWEEDDALE (c. 1695-1762)
• JOHN, DON (1545-1578)
• JOHN, DON (1629–1679)
• JOHN, GOSPEL OF ST
• JOHN, or HAYS (1513–1571)
• JOHN, THE APOSTLE
• JOHN, THE EPISTLES OF

JOHN HOOKHAM See also:

• JOHN HOOKHAM FRERE (1769-1846)
• FRERE, PIERRE EDOUARD (1819-1886)
• FRERE, SIR HENRY BARTLE EDWARD (1815-1884)

FRERE (1769-1846)  , See also:

• ENGLISH

English diplomatist and author, was See also:

• BORN, IGNAZ, EDLER VON (1742–1791)

born in See also:

• LONDON

London on the 21St of May 1769 . His See also:

• FATHER

father, See also:

• JOHN
• JOHN (1167–1216)
• JOHN (1290-c. 1320)
• JOHN (1296-1346)
• JOHN (1371–1419)
• JOHN (1468-1532)
• JOHN (1801-1873)
• JOHN (Heb. llni')
• JOHN (ZAPOLYA) (1487-1540)
• JOHN, 4TH MARQUESS OF TWEEDDALE (c. 1695-1762)
• JOHN, DON (1545-1578)
• JOHN, DON (1629–1679)
• JOHN, GOSPEL OF ST
• JOHN, or HAYS (1513–1571)
• JOHN, THE APOSTLE
• JOHN, THE EPISTLES OF

John See also:

• FRERE, JOHN HOOKHAM (1769-1846)
• FRERE, PIERRE EDOUARD (1819-1886)
• FRERE, SIR HENRY BARTLE EDWARD (1815-1884)

Frere, a See also:

• GENTLEMAN (from Lat. gentilis, " belonging to a race or gens," and " man "; Fr. gentilhomme, Span. gentil hombre, Ital. gentil huomo, in its original and strict signification, a term denoting a man of good family, the Lat. generosus (its invariable transl

gentleman of agood See also:

• SUFFOLK
• SUFFOLK, CHARLES BRANDON, 1ST DUKE OF (c. 1484–'545)
• SUFFOLK, EARLS AND DUKES OF
• SUFFOLK, THOMAS HOWARD, 1ST EARL OF (1561-1626)
• SUFFOLK, WILLIAM DE LA POLE

Suffolk See also:

• FAMILY

family, had been educated at See also:

• CAIUS
• CAIUS [Anglice KEES, KEYS, etc.], JOHN (1510-1573)

Caius See also:

• COLLEGE (Collegium)

College, See also:

• CAMBRIDGE
• CAMBRIDGE, EARLS AND DUKES OF
• CAMBRIDGE, RICHARD OWEN (1717-1802)

Cambridge, and would have been See also:

• SENIOR, NASSAU WILLIAM (1790-1864)

senior wrangler in 1763 but for the redoubtable competition of See also:

• PALEY, FREDERICK APTHORP (1815-1888)
• PALEY, WILLIAM (1743-1805)

Paley; his See also:

• MOTHER

mother, daughter of John Hookham, a See also:

• RICH, BARNABE (c. 1540-1617)
• RICH, CLAUDIUS JAMES (1787-1821)
• RICH, JOHN (1692-1761)
• RICH, PENELOPE, LADY (c. 1562–1607)
• RICH, RICHARD, 1ST BARON RICH (1490?-1567)

rich London See also:

• MERCHANT (O. Fr. marcheant, modern marchand; from Lat. mercari, to trade, merx, goods, merchandise)

merchant, was a See also:

• LADY (0. Eng. hlaefdige, Mid. Eng. ldfdi, lavedi; the first part of the word is hldf, loaf, bread, as in the corresponding hldford, lord; the second part is usually taken to be from the root dig-, to knead, seen also in " dough "; the sense development fr

lady of no small culture, accustomed to amuse her leisure with See also:

• VERSE (from Lat. versus, literally a line or furrow drawn by turning the plough, from vertere, and afterwards signifying an arrangement of syllables into feet)

verse-See also:

• WRITING
• WRITING (the verbal noun of " to write," O. Eng. writan, to inscribe)

writing . His father's See also:

• SISTER

sister Eleanor, who married See also:

• SIR

Sir John Fenn (1739-1794), the learned editor of the Paston Letters, wrote various educational See also:

• WORKS

works for See also:

• CHILDREN, LAW RELATING TO

children under the pseudonyms " Mrs Lovechild " and " Mrs Teachwell." See also:

• YOUNG
• YOUNG, A
• YOUNG, ARTHUR (1741-1820)
• YOUNG, BRIGHAM (1801-1877)
• YOUNG, CHARLES MAYNE (1777–1856)
• YOUNG, EDWARD (1683–1765)
• YOUNG, JAMES (1811-1883)
• YOUNG, THOMAS (1773-1829)

Young Frere was sent to See also:

• ETON

Eton in 1785, and there began an intimacy with See also:

• CANNING, CHARLES JOHN, EARL (1812-1862)
• CANNING, GEORGE (1770-1827)

Canning which greatly affected his after See also:

• LIFE

life . From Eton he went to his father's college at Cambridge, and graduated B.A. in 1792 and M.A. in 1795 . He entered public service in the See also:

• FOREIGN

foreign See also:

• OFFICE (from Lat. officium, " duty," " service," a shortened form of opifacium, from facere, " to do," and either the stem of opes, " wealth," " aid," or opus, " work ")

office under See also:

• LORD
• LORD (O. Eng. hldford, i.e. hldfweard, the warder or keeper of bread, hlIf, loaf; the word is not represented in any other Teutonic language)
• LORD, JOHN (1810-1894)

Lord See also:

• GRENVILLE (or GRANVILLE), SIR RICHARD (r600-1658)
• GRENVILLE (or GREYNVILE), SIR RICHARD (c. 1541-1591)
• GRENVILLE, GEORGE (1712-1770)
• GRENVILLE, SIR BEVIL (1596-1643)
• GRENVILLE, WILLIAM WYNDHAM GRENVILLE, BARON (1759-1834)

Grenville, and sat from 1796 to 1802 as member of See also:

• PARLIAMENT (Anglo-Lat. parliamentum, Fr. parlement, from parler, to speak)

parliament for the See also:

• CLOSE
• CLOSE (from Lat. clausum, shut)
• CLOSE, MAXWELL HENRY (1822-1903)

close See also:

• BOROUGH (A.S. nominative burh, dative byrig, which produces some of the place-names ending in bury, a sheltered or fortified place, the camp of refuge of a tribe, the stronghold of a chieftain; cf. Ger. Burg, Fr. bor, bore, bourg)
• BOROUGH [BURROUGH, BURROWE, BORROWS], STEVEN (1525–1584)

borough of See also:

• WEST
• WEST, BENJAMIN (1738-1820)
• WEST, NICHOLAS (1461-1533)

West See also:

• LOOE

Looe in See also:

• CORNWALL

Cornwall . From his boyhood he had been a warm admirer of See also:

• PITT, THOMAS (1653-1726)
• PITT, WILLIAM (1759-1806)

Pitt, and along with Canning he entered See also:

• HEART
• HEART, LUNG

heart and soul into the See also:

• DEFENCE
• DEFENCE (Lat. defendere, to defend)

defence of his See also:

• GOVERNMENT
• GOVERNMENT (0. Fr. governement, mod. gouvernement, O. Fr. governer, mod. gouverner, from Lat. gubernare, to steer a ship, guide, rule; cf. Gr. xv(3epvav)

government, and contributed freely to the pages of the See also:

• ANTI, or CAMPA

Anti-Jacobin, edited by See also:

• GIFFORD, ROBERT SWAIN (184o—19o5)
• GIFFORD, SANDFORD ROBINSON (1823–188o)
• GIFFORD, WILLIAM (1756-1826)

Gifford . He contributed, in collaboration with Canning, " The Loves of the Triangles," a See also:

• CLEVER

clever See also:

• PARODY (Gr. s-apybia, literally a song sung beside, a comic parallel)

parody of See also:

• DARWIN, CHARLES ROBERT (1809-1882)
• DARWIN, ERASMUS (1731-1802)

Darwin's " Loves of the See also:

• PLANTS

Plants," " The Needy See also:

• KNIFE (0. E. cuff, a word appearing in different forms in many Teutonic languages, cf. Du. knijf, Ger. Kneif, a shoe-maker's knife, Swed. knif; the ultimate origin is unknown; Skeat finds the origin in the root of " nip," formerly " knip "; Fr. canif is a

Knife-Grinder " and " The Rovers." On Canning's removal to the See also:

• BOARD (O. Eng. bord)

board of See also:

• TRADE (O. Eng. trod, footstep, from tredan, to tread; in M. Eng. the forms teed, trod and trade appear, the last in the sense of a beaten track)
• TRADE, BOARD OF

trade in 1799 he succeeded him as under-secretary of See also:

• STATE
• STATE, GREAT OFFICERS OF

state; in See also:

• OCTOBER

October 1800 he was appointed See also:

• ENVOY (Fr. envoye, " sent ")

envoy extraordinary and plenipotentiary to See also:

• LISBON (Lisboa)

Lisbon; and in See also:

• SEPTEMBER (Lat. septem, seven)

September 1802 he was transferred to See also:

• MADRID

Madrid, where he remained for two years . He was recalled on See also:

• ACCOUNT
• ACCOUNT (through O. Fr. acont, Late Lat. comptum, cornputare, to calculate)

account of a See also:

• PERSONAL

personal disagreement he had with the See also:

• DUKE (corresponding to Fr. duc, Ital. duca, Ger. Herzog)

duke of Alcudia, but the See also:

• MINISTRY

ministry showed its approval of his See also:

• ACTION

action by a See also:

• PENSION (Lat. pensio, a payment, from pendere, to weigh, to pay)

pension of £1700 a See also:

• YEAR

year . He was made a member of the privy See also:

• COUNCIL (Lat. concilium, from cum, together, and the root cal, to call)

council in 1805; in 1807 he was appointed plenipotentiary at See also:

• BERLIN
• BERLIN, CONGRESS AND TREATY OF
• BERLIN, ISAIAH (1725–1799)

Berlin, but the See also:

• MISSION

mission was abandoned, and Frere was again sent to See also:

• SPAIN
• SPAIN (Espana)

Spain in 1808 as plenipotentiary to the Central See also:

• JUNTA (from juntar, to join)

Junta . The See also:

• CONDITION (Lat. condicio, from condicere, to agree upon, arrange; not connected with conditio, from condere, conditum, to put together)

condition of Spain rendered his position a, veryresponsible and difficult one . When See also:

• NAPOLEON

Napoleon began to advance on Madrid it became a See also:

• MATTER

matter of supreme importance to decide whether Sir John See also:

• MOORE, A
• MOORE, ALBERT JOSEPH (1841–1893)
• MOORE, EDWARD (1712–1757)
• MOORE, GEORGE (1853– )
• MOORE, GEORGE FOOT (1851– )
• MOORE, HENRY (1831–1895)
• MOORE, JOHN (1729-1802)
• MOORE, SIR JOHN (1761-1809)
• MOORE, THOMAS (1779-1852)

Moore, who was then in the See also:

• NORTH
• NORTH, BARONS
• NORTH, MARIANNE (1830—1890)
• NORTH, ROGER (1653-1734)
• NORTH, SIR THOMAS (1535?-16o1?)

north of Spain, should endeavour to anticipate the occupation of the See also:

• CAPITAL (i.e. capital stock or fund)
• CAPITAL (Lat. caput, head)

capital or merely make See also:

• GOOD, JOHN MASON (1764-1827)

good his See also:

• RETREAT (O. Fr. retrete, mod. retraite, from Lat. retrahere, to draw back)

retreat, and if he did retreat whether he should do so by Portgual or by See also:

• GALICIA (Ger. Galizien; Pol. Halicz)
• GALICIA (the ancient Gallaecia or Callaecia, KaMauci,a or KaXau da)

Galicia . Frere was strongly of See also:

• OPINION (Lat. opinio, from opinari, to think)

opinion that the bolder was the better course, and he urged his views on Sir John Moore with an urgent and fearless persistency that on one occasion at least overstepped the limits of his See also:

• COMMISSION (from Lat. commissio, committere)

commission .

After the disastrous retreat to See also:

• CORUNNA
• CORUNNA (Span. La Coruna; Fr. La Corogne; Eng. formerly often The Groyne)

Corunna, the public accused Frere of having by his See also:

• ADVICE (Fr. avis, from Lat. ad, to, and visum, viewed)

advice endangered the See also:

• BRITISH

British See also:

• ARMY
• ARMY (from Fr. armee, Lat. armata)

army, and though no See also:

• DIRECT

direct censure was passed upon his conduct by the government, he was recalled, and the See also:

• MARQUESS (1760-1842)
• MARQUESS, or MARQUIS (Fr. marquis, Ital. marchese; from med. Lat. marchio, marchisus, i.e. comes marchiae, " count of the March ")

marquess of See also:

• WELLESLEY
• WELLESLEY, RICHARD COLLEY WESLEY (or WELLESLEY)

Wellesley was appointed in his See also:

• PLACE (through Fr. from Lat. platea, street; Gr. IrAar6s, wide)

place . Thus ended Frere's public life . He afterwards refused to under-take an See also:

• EMBASSY

embassy to St See also:

• PETERSBURG

Petersburg, and twice declined the See also:

• HONOUR (Lat. honos or lwnor, honoris; in English the word was spelled with or without the u indifferently until the 17th century, but during the 18th century it became fashion-able to spell the word " honor "; Johnson's and Webster's Dictionaries stereoty

honour of a See also:

• PEERAGE
• PEERAGE (Fr. pairage, med. Lat. paragium; M.E. Pere, 0. Fr. per, peer, later pair; Lat. Paris, " equal ")

peerage . In 1816 he married See also:

• ELIZABETH
• ELIZABETH (1533-1603)
• ELIZABETH (1596-1662)
• ELIZABETH (1635–1650)
• ELIZABETH [ AMELIE EUGENIE ] (1837—1898)
• ELIZABETH [1lisabeth Philippine Marie Helene of France] (1764—1794)
• ELIZABETH [PAULINE ELIZABETH OTTILIE LOUISE] (1843– )
• ELIZABETH [PETROVNA] (1709-1762), EMPRESS
• ELIZABETH, SAINT (1207-1231)

Elizabeth Jemima, See also:

• DOWAGER (from the Old Fr. douagiere, mod. douairiere)

dowager countess of See also:

• ERROLL (or ERROL), FRANCIS HAY, 9TH EARL OF (d. 1631)

Erroll, and in 1820, on account of her failing See also:

• HEALTH

health, he went with her to the Mediterranean . There he finally settled in See also:

• MALTA
• MALTA (or MEDITERRANEAN) FEVER

Malta, and though he afterwards visited See also:

• ENGLAND
• ENGLAND, THE CHURCH OF

England more than once, the See also:

• REST (O. Eng. rest, reste, bed, cognate with other Teutonic forms, e.g. Ger. Rast, Riiste, rest, and probably Gothic Rasta, league, i.e. resting or stopping place)

rest of his life was for the most See also:

• PART

part spent in the See also:

• ISLAND (O.E. ieg =isle, +land')

island of his choice . In quiet retirement he devoted himself to literature, studied his favourite See also:

• GREEK
• GREEK, ETRUSCAN AND

Greek authors, and taught himself See also:

• HEBREW

Hebrew and Maltese . His hospitality was well known to many an English See also:

• GUEST (a word common to Teutonic languages; cf. Ger. Gast, and Swed. gust; cognate with Lat. hostis, originally a stranger, hence enemy; cf. " host " )
• GUEST, EDWIN (1800–188o)

guest, and his charities and courtesies endeared him to his Maltese neighbours . He died at the Pieta Valetta on the 7th of See also:

• JANUARY

January 1846 . Frere's See also:

• LITERARY

literary reputation now rests entirely upon his spirited verse See also:

• TRANSLATIONS

translations of See also:

• ARISTOPHANES
• ARISTOPHANES (c. 448–385 B.e.1)

Aristophanes, which remain in many ways unrivalled . The principles according to which he conducted his task were elucidated in an See also:

• ARTICLE (from Lat. articulus, a joint)

article on See also:

• MITCHELL
• MITCHELL, DONALD GRANT (1822—1908)
• MITCHELL, MARIA (1818—1889)
• MITCHELL, SILAS WEIR (1830-)
• MITCHELL, SIR THOMAS LIVINGSTONE (1792-1855)

Mitchell's Aristophanes, which he contributed to The Quarterly' See also:

• REVIEW (Fr. revue, from revoir, to see again, Lat. re and videre)

Review, vol. See also:

• XXIII

xxiii . The translations of The Acharnians, The Knights, The Birds, and The Frogs were privately printed, and were first brought into See also:

• GENERAL
• GENERAL (Lat. generalis, of or relating to a genus, kind or class)

general See also:

• NOTICE

notice by Sir G . Cornewall See also:

• LEWIS, HENRY CARVILL
• LEWIS, JOHN FREDERICK (180 1876)
• LEWIS, MATTHEW GREGORY (1775-1818)
• LEWIS, MERIWETHER (1774-1809)
• LEWIS, SIR GEORGE CORNEWALL, BART

Lewis in the Classical Museum for 1847 .

They were followed some See also:

• TIME (0. Eng. Lima, cf. Icel. timi, Swed. timme, hour, Dan. time; from the root also seen in " tide," properly the time of between the flow and ebb of the sea, cf. O. Eng. getidan, to happen, " even-tide," &c.; it is not directly related to Lat. tempus)
• TIME, MEASUREMENT OF
• TIME, STANDARD

time after by Theognis Restitutus, or the personal See also:

• HISTORY

history of the poet Theognis, reduced from an See also:

• ANALYSIS (Gr. avci and Meta, to break up into parts)

analysis of his existing fragments . In 1817 he published a See also:

• MOCK

mock-heroic Arthurian poem entitled See also:

• PROSPECTUS (Lat. for view, look-out, prospect, from prospicere, to look forward)

Prospectus and Specimen of an intended See also:

• NATIONAL

National See also:

• WORK

Work, by See also:

• WILLIAM
• WILLIAM (1143-1214)
• WILLIAM (1227-1256)
• WILLIAM (1J33-1584)
• WILLIAM (A.S. Wilhelm, O. Norse Vilhidlmr; O. H. Ger. Willahelm, Willahalm, M. H. Ger. Willehelm, Willehalm, Mod.Ger. Wilhelm; Du. Willem; O. Fr. Villalme, Mod. Fr. Guillaume; from " will," Goth. vilja, and " helm," Goth. hilms, Old Norse hidlmr, meaning
• WILLIAM (c. 1130-C. 1190)
• WILLIAM, 13TH

William and See also:

• ROBERT
• ROBERT (1275—1343)
• ROBERT, HUBERT (1753-1808)
• ROBERT, LOUIS LEOPOLD (1794-1835)

Robert Whistlecraft, of See also:

• STOWMARKET

Stowmarket in Suffolk, See also:

• HARNESS (from O. Fr. harneis or harnois; the ultimate origin is obscure; the Celtic origin which connects it with the Welsh haiarn, iron, has phonetic and other difficulties; the French is the origin of the Span. arnes, and Ger. Harnisch)

Harness and See also:

• COLLAR

Collar Makers, intended to comprise the most interesting particulars See also:

• RELATING

relating to See also:

• KING
• KING (O. Eng. cyning, abbreviated into cyng, cing; cf. O. H. G. chun- kuning, chun- kunig, M.H.G. kiinic, kiinec, kiinc, Mod. Ger. Konig, O. Norse konungr, kongr, Swed. konung, kung)
• KING [OF OCKHAM], PETER KING, 1ST BARON (1669-1734)
• KING, CHARLES WILLIAM (1818-1888)
• KING, CLARENCE (1842–1901)
• KING, EDWARD (1612–1637)
• KING, EDWARD (1829–1910)
• KING, HENRY (1591-1669)
• KING, RUFUS (1755–1827)
• KING, THOMAS (1730–1805)
• KING, WILLIAM (1650-1729)
• KING, WILLIAM (1663–1712)

King See also:

• ARTHUR (Fr. Arius)
• ARTHUR, CHESTER ALAN (1830 – 1886)

Arthur and his See also:

• ROUND (O. Fr. rond, Lat. rotundus, the Fr. is the source also of Du. rond; Ger., Swed., Dan. and Nor. rond)

Round Table . William See also:

• TENNANT, CHARLES (1768-1838)
• TENNANT, SMITHSON (1761-1815)
• TENNANT, WILLIAM (1784-1848)

Tennant in Anster See also:

• FAIR

Fair had used the ottava rimy as a vehicle for semi-See also:

• BURLESQUE (Ital. burlesco, from burla, a joke, fun, playful trick)

burlesque See also:

• POETRY

poetry five years earlier, but Frere's experiment is interesting because See also:

• BYRON, GEORGE GORDON BYRON, 6TH BARON (1788-1824)
• BYRON, HENRY JAMES (1834-1884)
• BYRON, HON
• BYRON, JOHN BYRON

Byron borrowed from it the measure that he brought to perfection in See also:

• DON
• DON (anc. Tanais)

Don Juan . Frere's See also:

• COMPLETE

complete works were published in 1871, with a memoir by his nephews, W . E. and Sir Bartle Frere, and reached a second edition in 1874 . Compare also Gabrielle Festing, J . H . Frere and his See also:

• FRIENDS, SOCIETY
• FRIENDS, SOCIETY OF

Friends (1899) .