GUSTAV See also:

• FREYTAG, GEORG
• GUSTAV FREYTAG (1816–1895)

FREYTAG (1816–1895)  , See also:

• GERMAN
• GERMAN, DUTCH AND SCANDINAVIAN

German novelist, was See also:

• BORN, IGNAZ, EDLER VON (1742–1791)

born at See also:

• KREUZBURG

Kreuzburg, in See also:

• SILESIA

Silesia, on the 13th of See also:

• JULY

July 1816 . After attending the gymnasium at Ols, he studied See also:

• PHILOLOGY

philology at the See also:

• UNIVERSITIES

universities of See also:

• BRESLAU (Polish Wraclaw)

Breslau and See also:

• BERLIN
• BERLIN, CONGRESS AND TREATY OF
• BERLIN, ISAIAH (1725–1799)

Berlin, and in 1838 took the degree with a remark-able dissertation, De initiis poeseos scenicae apud Germanos . In 1839 he settled at Breslau, as Privatdocent in German See also:

• LANGUAGE (adapted from the Fr. langage, from langue, tongue, Lat. lingua)

language and literature, but devoted his See also:

• PRINCIPAL

principal See also:

• ATTENTION (from Lat. ad-tendo, await, expect; the condition of being " stretched " or " tense ")

attention to See also:

• WRITING
• WRITING (the verbal noun of " to write," O. Eng. writan, to inscribe)

writing for the See also:

• STAGE (Fr. 6/age; from Lat. stare, to stand)

stage, and achieved considerable success with the See also:

• COMEDY

comedy See also:

• DIE
• DIE (Fr. de, from Lat. datum, given)

Die Braudfahrt, See also:

• ODER (Lat. Viadua; Slavonic, Vjodr)

oder Kunz von der Rosen (1844) . This was followed by a See also:

• VOLUME

volume of unimportant poems, In Breslau (1845) and the dramas Die See also:

• VALENTINE, or VALENTINUS

Valentine (1846) and See also:

• GRAF, ARTURO (1848– )
• GRAF, KARL HEINRICH (1815–1869)

Graf Waldemar (1847) . He at last attained a prominent position by his comedy, Die Join-nails/en (1853), one of the best German comedies of the 19th See also:

• CENTURY (from Lat. centuria, a division of a hundred men)

century . In 1847 he migrated to Berlin, and in the following See also:

• YEAR

year took over, in See also:

• CONJUNCTION (from Lat. conjungere, to join together)

conjunction with See also:

• JULIAN (FLAVIUS CLAUDIUS JULIANUS) (331-363)

Julian See also:

• SCHMIDT, H
• SCHMIDT, HEINRICH JULIAN (1818-1886)
• SCHMIDT, KARL VON (1817-1875)
• SCHMIDT, WILHELM ADOLF (1812-1887)

Schmidt, the editorship of Die Grenzboten, a weekly See also:

• JOURNAL
• JOURNAL (through Fr. from late Lat. diurnalis, daily)

journal which, founded in 1841, now became the leading See also:

• ORGAN

organ of German and See also:

• AUSTRIAN

Austrian liberalism . See also:

• FREYTAG, GEORG
• FREYTAG, GUSTAV (1816–1895)

Freytag helped to conduct it until 1861, and again from 1867 till 1870, when for a See also:

• SHORT, FRANCIS JOB (1857– )

short See also:

• TIME (0. Eng. Lima, cf. Icel. timi, Swed. timme, hour, Dan. time; from the root also seen in " tide," properly the time of between the flow and ebb of the sea, cf. O. Eng. getidan, to happen, " even-tide," &c.; it is not directly related to Lat. tempus)
• TIME, MEASUREMENT OF
• TIME, STANDARD

time he edited a new periodical, lm neuen Reich . His See also:

• LITERARY

literary fame was made universal by the publication in 1855 of his novel, See also:

• SOLI
• SOLI (mod. Mezetlii)

Soli and Haben, which was translated into almost all the See also:

• LANGUAGES

languages of See also:

• EUROPE

Europe . It was certainly the best German novel of its See also:

• DAY (O. Eng. dreg, Ger. Tag; according to the New English Dictionary, " in no way related to the Lat. dies")
• DAY, JOHN (1574-1640?)
• DAY, THOMAS (1748-1789)

day, impressive by its sturdy but unexaggerated See also:

• REALISM (from Low Lat. realis, appertaining to res, things, as opposed to ideas and imaginations)

realism, and in many parts highly humorous . Its See also:

• MAIN (from the Aryan root which appears in " may " and " might," and Lat. magnus, great)
• MAIN (Lat. Moenus)

main purpose is the recommendation of the German See also:

• MIDDLE

middle class as the soundest See also:

• ELEMENT (Lat. elementum)

element in the nation, but it also has a more directly patriotic intention in the contrast which it draws between the homely virtues of the Teuton and the shiftlessness of the See also:

• POLE (FAMILY)
• POLE, REGINALD (1500-1558)
• POLE, RICHARD DE LA (d. 1525)
• POLE, WILLIAM (1814—1900)

Pole and the rapacity of the See also:

• JEW, THE WANDERING

Jew . As a Silesian, Freytag had no See also:

• GREAT

great love for his See also:

• SLAVONIC, OLD

Slavonic neighbours, and being a native of a See also:

• PROVINCE
• PROVINCE (Lat. provincia; perhaps a contraction of providentia)

province which owed everything to See also:

• PRUSSIA
• PRUSSIA (Ger. Preussen; Lat. Borussia)

Prussia, he was naturally an See also:

• EARNEST (probably a corruption of the obsolete arles or erles, adapted from Lat. equivalent arrha, due to a confusion with the adjective " earnest," serious, O. Eng. eornust, cognate with Ger. ernst)

earnest See also:

• CHAMPION (Fr. champion, Late Lat. campio from campus; a field or open space, i.e. one " who takes the field " or fights; cf. Ger. Kampf, battle, and Kampfer, fighter)

champion of Prussian See also:

• HEGEMONY (Gr. i7ye,uovia, leadership, from it-yo-Oat, to lead, the leadership especially of one particular state in a group of federated or loosely united states. The term was first applied in Greek history to the position claimed by different individual

hegemony over See also:

• GERMANY
• GERMANY (Ger. Deutschland)

Germany . His powerful advocacy of this See also:

• IDEA (Gr. Ibia, connected with i&eiv, to see; cf. Lat. species from specere, to look at)

idea in his Grenzboten gained him the friendship of the See also:

• DUKE (corresponding to Fr. duc, Ital. duca, Ger. Herzog)

duke of See also:

• SAXE, JOHN GODFREY (1816-1887)
• SAXE, MAURICE, COMTE DE (1696-1750)

Saxe-See also:

• COBURG

Coburg-See also:

• GOTHA

Gotha, whose See also:

• NEIGHBOUR (O. Eng. neahgebiir, from Walt, " nigh," " near ")

neighbour he had become, on acquiring the See also:

• ESTATE (through O. Fr. estat, mod. flat, from Lat. status, state, condition, position, stare, to stand)

estate of Siebleben near Gotha .

At the duke's See also:

• REQUEST, LETTERS OF

request Freytag was attached to the See also:

• STAFF (O. Eng. staef, cf. Du. staf, Ger. Stab, &c.; Icel. stafr meant also a written letter, and O. Eng. stafas, the letters of the alphabet; " stave," one of the thin pieces of wood of which a cask is made, is a doublet)

staff of the See also:

• CROWN

crown See also:

• PRINCE
• PRINCE (Lat. princeps, from primus capio, " I am the first to take "; Ital. principe, Fr. prince)

prince of Prussia in the See also:

• CAMPAIGN

campaign of 1870, and was See also:

• PRESENT

present at the battles of See also:

• WORTH
• WORTH, CHARLES FREDERICK (1825-1895)

Worth and See also:

• SEDAN

Sedan . Before this he had published another novel; Die verlorene Handschrift (1864), in which he endeavoured to do for German university See also:

• LIFE

life what in Sall and Haben he had done for commercial life . The See also:

• HERO (Gr. open)
• HERO, THE YOUNGER

hero is a See also:

• YOUNG
• YOUNG, A
• YOUNG, ARTHUR (1741-1820)
• YOUNG, BRIGHAM (1801-1877)
• YOUNG, CHARLES MAYNE (1777–1856)
• YOUNG, EDWARD (1683–1765)
• YOUNG, JAMES (1811-1883)
• YOUNG, THOMAS (1773-1829)

young German See also:

• PROFESSOR (the Latin noun formed from the verb profiteri, to declare publicly, to acknowledge, profess)

professor, who is so wrapt up in his See also:

• SEARCH, or VISIT AND SEARCH

search for a See also:

• MANUSCRIPT

manuscript by See also:

• TACITUS, CORNELIUS (c. 55-120)
• TACITUS, MARCUS CLAUDIUS

Tacitus that he is oblivious to an impending tragedy in his domestic life . The See also:

• BOOK

book was, however, less successful than its predecessor . Between 1859 and 1867 Freytag published in five volumes Bilder aus der deutschen Vergangenheit, a most valuable See also:

• WORK

work on popular lines, illustratingthe See also:

• HISTORY

history and See also:

• MANNERS, CHARLES (1857– )

manners of Germany . In 1872 he began a work with a similar patriotic purpose, Die Ahnen, a See also:

• SERIES (a Latin word from serere, to join)

series of See also:

• HISTORICAL

historical romances in which he unfolds the history of a German See also:

• FAMILY

family from the earliest times to the middle of the 19th century . The series comprises the following novels, none of which, however, reaches the level of Freytag's earlier books . (I) Ingo and Ingraban (1872), (2) Das See also:

• NEST

Nest der Zaunkonige (1874), (3) Die Brader vom deutschen Hause (1875), (4) See also:

• MARCUS

Marcus See also:

• KONIG, KARL RUDOLPH (1832-1901)

Konig (1876), (5) Die Geschwister (1878), and (6) in conclusion, Aus einer kleinen Stadt (188o) . Among Freytag's other See also:

• WORKS

works may be noticed Die Technik See also:

• DES

des Dramas (1863); an excellent See also:

• BIOGRAPHY (from the Gr. (3ios, life, and yp&4 , writing)

biography of the See also:

• BADEN
• BADEN, GRAND DUCHY OF

Baden statesman Karl See also:

• MATHY, KARL (1807-1868)

Mathy (1869); an autobiography (Erinnerungen aus meinen Leben, 1887); his Gesammelte Aufsatze, chiefly reprinted from the Grenzboten (1888); Der Kronprinz and die deutsche Kaiserkrone; Erinnerungsblatter (1889) . He died at See also:

• WIESBADEN

Wiesbaden on the 3oth of See also:

• APRIL

April 1895 . Freytag's Gesammelte Werke were published in 22 vols. at See also:

• LEIPZIG

Leipzig (1886–1888) ; his Vermischte Aufsatze have been edited by E . See also:

• ELSTER

Elster, 2 vols .

(Leipzig, 1901–1903) . On Freytag's life see, besides his autobiography mentioned above, the lives by C . See also:

• ALBERTI, DOMENICO (c. 1710–1740)
• ALBERTI, LEONE BATTISTA (1404–1472)

Alberti (Leipzig, 189o) and F . Seiler (Leipzig, 1898) .